Cited by 110Barrier Structure and Function StudiesDrug Transport and Resistance MechanismsNanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery

Targeting receptor-ligand chemistry for drug delivery across blood-brain barrier in brain diseases

Anthony, Danielle Paige, Hegde, Manasa, Shetty, Shreya S., Rafic, Thasneema, Mutalik, Srinivas, Rao, B.S. Satish·2021·Life Sciences

Abstract

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is composed of a layer of endothelial cells that is interspersed with a series of tight junctions and characterized by the absence of fenestrations. The permeability of this barrier is controlled by junctions such as tight junctions and adherent junctions as well as several cells such as astrocytes, pericytes, vascular endothelial cells, neurons, microglia, and efflux transporters with relatively enhanced expression. It plays a major role in maintaining homeostasis in the brain and exerts a protective regulatory control on the influx and efflux of molecules. However, it proves to be a challenge for drug delivery strategies that target brain diseases like Dementia, Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, Brain Cancer or Stroke, Huntington's Disease, Lou Gehrig's Disease, etc. Conventional modes of drug delivery are invasive and have been known to contribute to a "leaky BBB", recent studies have highlighted the efficiency and relative safety of receptor-mediated drug delivery. Several receptors are exhibited on the BBB, and actively participate in nutrient uptake, and recognize specific ligands that modulate the process of endocytosis. The strategy employed in receptor-mediated drug delivery exploits this process of "tricking" the receptors into internalizing ligands that are conjugated to carrier systems like liposomes, nanoparticles, monoclonal antibodies, enzymes etc. These in turn are modified with drug molecules, therefore leading to delivery to desired target cells in brain tissue. This review comprehensively explores each of those receptors that can be modified to serve such purposes as well as the currently employed strategies that have led to increased cellular uptake and transport efficiency.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119326

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  • Transferrin receptor is a glycoprotein with two 90 kDa subunits linked by a disulfide bridge, participating in transcytosis of cellular iron by each subunit binding one molecule of transferrin.

    “Transferrin receptor as a glycoprotein, has two subunits of 90 kDa linked by a disulfide bridge, participating in the transcytosis of cellular iron by each subunit is capable of binding to one molecule of transferrin.168”

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Authors
Anthony, D. P., Hegde, M., Shetty, S. S., Rafic, T., Mutalik, S., & Rao, B. S. S.
Affiliations
Manipal Academy of Higher Education (IN)
Corresponding author
Rao, B.S. Satish
Venue
Life Sciences
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-06
Volume
274
Pages
119326
ISSN
0024-3205 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3135286150
Cited by
110
References
203
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 5
FWCI
2.05
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Life Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
Keywords
blood-brain barrier, receptor-mediated drug delivery, tight junctions, endocytosis, liposomes, nanoparticles, monoclonal antibodies, brain disorders, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, brain cancer, stroke, Huntington's disease, efflux pumps
MeSH terms
Animals, Biological Transport, Blood-Brain Barrier, Brain Diseases, Central Nervous System Agents, Drug Carriers, Humans, Ligands, Permeability, Receptors, Cell Surface, Drug Delivery Systems

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