Chondroitin sulfate demarcates astrocytic territories in the mammalian cerebral cortex
Abstract
Adjacent astrocytes in the grey matter of the mammalian cerebral cortex are organized in a tile-like manner and separated from one another, forming discrete domains named "non-overlapping territories". We have previously reported that an anti-chondroitin sulfate (CS) antibody, CS-56, marks a subpopulation of cortical astrocytes which we named the dandelion clock-like structure (DACS) based on its morphological characteristics. In the present study, we found that another anti-CS antibody (anti-CS-C) was also able to detect the DACS and the morphological analysis revealed that a single DACS enwrapped five to six neuronal somata on average, which indicated that DACS coincided with a single astrocyte territory. Double labeling of CS-C and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) showed a slight overlap between the two territories in the adult cerebral cortex of mice. The neuron number enwrapped by a single DACS was unchanged between 3- and 7-week-old mice, while more extensive processes of DACSs were found in 7-week-old mice compared with those in 3-week-old ones. Moreover, the measurement of a single DACS area was significantly increased by 45% between 3- and 7-week-old mice. In addition, DACSs were found in human, monkey, and domestic pig brains, but not mallard ones, indicating that DACS was conserved in mammalian species. Taken together, CS demarcates territories of a certain population of cortical astrocytes and the cerebral cortex is composed of CS-rich astrocytes and -poor astrocytes in a mosaic fashion.
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- Authors
- Horii-Hayashi, N., Tatsumi, K., Matsusue, Y., Okuda, H., Okuda, A., Hayashi, M., Yano, H., Tsuboi, A., Nishi, M., Yoshikawa, M., & Wanaka, A.
- Affiliations
- Nara Medical University (JP)
- Kyoto University (JP)
- Kindai University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Wanaka, Akio
- Venue
- Neuroscience Letters
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-10
- Volume
- 483
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 67-72
- ISSN
- 0304-3940 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1978230117
- Cited by
- 16
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroscience Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- chondroitin sulfate, cortical astrocytes, astrocyte-neuron interaction, glial fibrillary acidic protein, astrocyte morphology, astrocyte development, species conservation, cerebral cortex
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Astrocytes, Cerebral Cortex, Chondroitin Sulfates, Ducks, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Macaca, Neurons, Species Specificity, Swine, Mice
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