Alterations in sulfated chondroitin glycosaminoglycans following controlled cortical impact injury in mice
Open accessAbstract
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) play a pivotal role in many neuronal growth mechanisms including axon guidance and the modulation of repair processes following injury to the spinal cord or brain. Many actions of CSPGs in the central nervous system (CNS) are governed by the specific sulfation pattern on the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains attached to CSPG core proteins. To elucidate the role of CSPGs and sulfated GAG chains following traumatic brain injury (TBI), controlled cortical impact injury of mild to moderate severity was performed over the left sensory motor cortex in mice. Using immunoblotting and immunostaining, we found that TBI resulted in an increase in the CSPGs neurocan and NG2 expression in a tight band surrounding the injury core, which overlapped with the presence of 4‐sulfated CS GAGs but not with 6‐sulfated GAGs. This increase was observed as early as 7 days post injury (dpi), and persisted for up to 28 dpi. Labeling with markers against microglia/macrophages, NG2+ cells, fibroblasts, and astrocytes showed that these cells were all localized in the area, suggesting multiple origins of chondroitin‐4‐sulfate increase. TBI also caused a decrease in the expression of aggrecan and phosphacan in the pericontusional cortex with a concomitant reduction in the number of perineuronal nets. In summary, we describe a dual response in CSPGs whereby they may be actively involved in complex repair processes following TBI. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:3295–3313, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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CS-56 analysis revealed significant increases in total extracellular CSPG in the subiculum but not visual cortex of 5xFAD mice at early stages of PNN loss.
“Analysis of total extracellular CSPG with CS-56 at early stages of PNN loss, which generally labels CSPGs excluded from PNNs e.g. those found in glial scars [54, 55], revealed significant increases in the subiculum but not visual cortex (p<0.05, p = 0.0818) of 5xFAD mice (Fig. S2A-C).”
From Microglia facilitate loss of perineuronal nets in the Alzheimer's disease brain (2020) · cites this paper as [55]
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- Authors
- Yi, J., Katagiri, Y., Susarla, B., Figge, D., Symes, A. J., & Geller, H. M.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (US)
- Corresponding author
- Geller, Herbert M.
- Venue
- Journal of Comparative Neurology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-08-16
- Volume
- 520
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 3295-3313
- ISSN
- 0021-9967 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-9861
- PMC
- PMC3806093
- OpenAlex
- W2042353877
- Cited by
- 93
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 3.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Comparative Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
- Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (ZIAHL006021)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Keywords
- chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycan sulfation, controlled cortical impact injury, traumatic brain injury, neurocan, NG2, aggrecan, phosphacan, perineuronal nets, microglia/macrophages, astrocytes, fibroblasts, axon guidance, CNS repair
- MeSH terms
- Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan 4, Animals, Antigens, Brain Injuries, Cerebral Cortex, Chondroitin Sulfates, Disease Models, Animal, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Nerve Regeneration, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Proteoglycans, Recovery of Function, Mice, Neurocan
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