DACS, novel matrix structure composed of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan in the brain
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are major components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the brain. In the adult cerebral cortex, there are special CSPG-containing structures known as perineuronal nets (PNNs), which are highly condensed ECM structures. Here, we report a novel CSPG-containing structure distinct from PNNs in the adult mouse cerebral cortex. An anti-chondroitin sulfate antibody CS56 delineated a structure with a unique morphology like a dandelion clock. Accordingly, we named it DAndelion Clock-like Structure (DACS). Immunohistochemical evidence showed that DACSs surrounded a group of NeuN-positive/GABA-negative neurons. At ultrastructural level, CS56-immunoreactivities were localized in the cytoplasm and on the membrane of astrocytes. As the postnatal cerebral cortex matured, DACSs became visible around the end of the critical period. This is the first report demonstrating the presence of an ECM structure DACS composed of CSPGs around a group of cortical neurons in the adult cerebral cortex.
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Elevated CS-56 staining often appeared as diffuse patches resembling DACS, CSPG lattices reported around neurons at the end of the developmental critical period and after kainic acid seizures.
“the diffuse patches of elevated CS-56 staining often resembled 'dandelion clock-like structure' (DACS), extracellular CSPG lattices reported to form around neurons at the end of the developmental critical period”
From Microglial depletion prevents extracellular matrix changes and striatal volume reduction in a model of Huntington's disease (2020) · cites this paper as Hayashi et al., 2007
CSPGs in PNNs are labelled by WFA differently from CS-56, possibly because of differences in CSPG sidechain sulphation or epitope availability.
“CSPGs contained in PNNs are labelled by the plant lectin WFA in a manner distinct from CS-56 (Hayashi et al. , 2007; Pantazopoulos et al. , 2015; Yutsudo and Kitagawa, 2015), potentially due to differences in CSPG sidechain sulphation status (Sorg et al. , 2016) or epitope availability.”
From Microglial depletion prevents extracellular matrix changes and striatal volume reduction in a model of Huntington's disease (2020) · cites this paper as Hayashi et al. , 2007
These clusters were shown in rodents to surround a small number of neurons and regulate glutamatergic transmission.
“These clusters were shown in rodents to surround a small number of neurons and regulate glutamatergic transmission.70, 100, 101”
From Aggrecan and chondroitin-6-sulfate abnormalities in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a postmortem study on the amygdala (2015) · cites this paper as [70]
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- Authors
- Hayashi, N., Tatsumi, K., Okuda, H., Yoshikawa, M., Ishizaka, S., Miyata, S., Manabe, T., & Wanaka, A.
- Affiliations
- Nara Medical University (JP)
- Kyoto Institute of Technology (JP)
- RIKEN (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Wanaka, Akio
- Venue
- Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-12
- Volume
- 364
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 410-415
- ISSN
- 0006-291X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2071671447
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 0.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Keywords
- chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, DACS, extracellular matrix, cerebral cortex, astrocytes, adult mouse brain
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Astrocytes, Cell Membrane, Cerebral Cortex, Cytoplasm, DNA-Binding Proteins, Extracellular Matrix, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Immunohistochemistry, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neurons, Nuclear Proteins, Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans, Microscopy, Immunoelectron, Mice
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