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Reduced hippocampal glutamate in Alzheimer disease
Abstract
Altered neurometabolic profiles have been detected in Alzheimer disease (AD) using (1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), but no definitive biomarker of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD has been established. This study used MRS to compare hippocampal metabolite levels between normal elderly controls (NEC) and subjects with MCI and AD. Short echo-time (TE=46 ms) (1)H spectra were acquired at 4T from the right hippocampus of 23 subjects with AD, 12 subjects with MCI and 15 NEC. Absolute metabolite levels and metabolite ratios were compared between groups using a multivariate analysis of covariance (covariates: age, sex) followed by post hoc Tukey's test (p<0.05 significant). Subjects with AD had decreased glutamate (Glu) as well as decreased Glu/creatine (Cr), Glu/myo-inositol (mI), Glu/N-acetylaspartate (NAA), and NAA/Cr ratios compared to NEC. Subjects with AD also had decreased Glu/mI ratio compared to MCI. There were no differences between subjects with MCI and NEC. Therefore, in addition to NAA/Cr, decreased hippocampal Glu may be an indicator of AD.
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“Concentrations of Glu were also shown to be lower in the posterior cingulate cortex of AD patients, either when measured alone or as a combined measure of Glu+glutamine (Glx) (Antuono et al. 2001; Fayed et al. 2011; Rupsingh et al. 2011).”
From Alzheimer’s disease: Targeting the glutamatergic system (2020) · cites this paper as Rupsingh et al. 2011
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Metadata
- Authors
- Rupsingh, R., Borrie, M., Smith, M., Wells, J. L., & Bartha, R.
- Affiliations
- Western University (CA)
- Lawson Health Research Institute (CA)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neurobiology of Aging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-05
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 802-810
- ISSN
- 0197-4580 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2096219863
- Cited by
- 177
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 4.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Neurobiology of Aging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, hippocampus, glutamate, hippocampal metabolites, N-acetylaspartate, myo-inositol, creatine, metabolite ratios, biomarkers, neurometabolism
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Choline, Creatine, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Inositol, Male, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Biomarkers, Glutamic Acid
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