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The salience network is responsible for switching between the default mode network and the central executive network: Replication from DCM
Open accessAbstract
With the advent of new analysis methods in neuroimaging that involve independent component analysis (ICA) and dynamic causal modelling (DCM), investigations have focused on measuring both the activity and connectivity of specific brain networks. In this study we combined DCM with spatial ICA to investigate network switching in the brain. Using time courses determined by ICA in our dynamic causal models, we focused on the dynamics of switching between the default mode network (DMN), the network which is active when the brain is not engaging in a specific task, and the central executive network (CEN), which is active when the brain is engaging in a task requiring attention. Previous work using Granger causality methods has shown that regions of the brain which respond to the degree of subjective salience of a stimulus, the salience network, are responsible for switching between the DMN and the CEN (Sridharan et al., 2008). In this work we apply DCM to ICA time courses representing these networks in resting state data. In order to test the repeatability of our work we applied this to two independent datasets. This work confirms that the salience network drives the switching between default mode and central executive networks and that our novel technique is repeatable.
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“The SN has been implicated in switching between these networks and in processing self-relevant emotional information (Goulden et al., 2014; Kaiser et al., 2015b).”
From Understanding and predicting future relapse in depression from resting state functional connectivity and self-referential processing (2023) · cites this paper as Goulden et al., 2014
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“Together, the VLPFC-anterior insula have been shown to form a fronto-insular functional node implicated in switching between salience and executive control networks (Goulden et al., 2014; Sridharan et al., 2008).”
From Neural correlates of emotion acceptance vs worry or suppression in generalized anxiety disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Goulden et al., 2014
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“40 42–44 Our results are consistent with previous findings, indicating that the DMN, SN, and SMN are key brain networks involved in the central nervous mechanisms of PDM. 45–48 We speculate that during the menstrual phase, the increased transitions be-tween CAP state 1 (in which the SN and CEN are…”
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Understanding mattering in adolescence and the role of salience and active balancing
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“In a meta-analysis of 26 resting-state FC datasets, Kaiser et al. (2015) found increased coupling between ECN and DMN regions in MDD ( N = 556) compared to healthy controls ( N = 518).”
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“In this sense, the SN serves as a filter and coordinator, selecting events of current importance and reallocating attentional and executive resources by shifting between internally oriented (DMN) and externally oriented (CEN) modes of processing ( Menon and Uddin 2010, Goulden et al. 2014).”
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“The salience network functions as a dynamic switch that modulates transitions between internally directed processes conducted by the DMN and externally oriented processes conducted by the frontoparietal network (Smallwood et al., 2021; Wen et al., 2020; Goulden et al., 2014).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Goulden, N., Khusnulina, A., Davis, N. J., Bracewell, R. M., Bokde, A. L., McNulty, J. P., & Mullins, P. G.
- Affiliations
- Bangor University (GB)
- Trinity College Dublin (IE)
- University College Dublin (IE)
- Corresponding author
- Goulden, Nia
- ORCID
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-10
- Volume
- 99
- Pages
- 180-190
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2066208486
- Cited by
- 810
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 65 · 2025: 101 · 2024: 83 · 2023: 85 · 2022: 79 · 2021: 112 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 58 · 2018: 62 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 6
- FWCI
- 18.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- e-space.mmu.ac.uk
- Licence
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- e-space (Manchester Metropolitan University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- European Regional Development Fund
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- salience network, default mode network, frontoparietal network, network switching, dynamic causal modeling, independent component analysis, resting state, Granger causality, reproducibility, brain connectivity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Bayes Theorem, Brain Mapping, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Models, Neurological, Nerve Net, Rest, Stochastic Processes, Executive Function
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