Neurobiological correlates of impulsivity in healthy adults: Lower prefrontal gray matter volume and spontaneous eye-blink rate but greater resting-state functional connectivity in basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuitry
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Studies consistently implicate aberrance of the brain's reward-processing and decision-making networks in disorders featuring high levels of impulsivity, such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, substance use disorder, and psychopathy. However, less is known about the neurobiological determinants of individual differences in impulsivity in the general population. In this study of 105 healthy adults, we examined relationships between impulsivity and three neurobiological metrics - gray matter volume, resting-state functional connectivity, and spontaneous eye-blink rate, a physiological indicator of central dopaminergic activity. Impulsivity was measured both by performance on a task of behavioral inhibition (go/no-go task) and by self-ratings of attentional, motor, and non-planning impulsivity using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). Overall, we found that less gray matter in medial orbitofrontal cortex and paracingulate gyrus, greater resting-state functional connectivity between nodes of the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical network, and lower spontaneous eye-blink rate were associated with greater impulsivity. Specifically, less prefrontal gray matter was associated with higher BIS-11 motor and non-planning impulsivity scores, but was not related to task performance; greater correlated resting-state functional connectivity between the basal ganglia and thalamus, motor cortices, and prefrontal cortex was associated with worse no-go trial accuracy on the task and with higher BIS-11 motor impulsivity scores; lower spontaneous eye-blink rate was associated with worse no-go trial accuracy and with higher BIS-11 motor impulsivity scores. These data provide evidence that individual differences in impulsivity in the general population are related to variability in multiple neurobiological metrics in the brain's reward-processing and decision-making networks.
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Different aspects of cognitive control may depend on different prefrontal cortex regions: self-report measures correlate with medial prefrontal cortex morphology, whereas cognitive control tasks typically activate more lateral prefrontal cortex.
“This conclusion is consistent with the possibility that these different aspects of CC may depend on different PFC regions: e.g., self-report measures have been correlated with medial PFC morphology, whereas CC tasks typically activate more lateral PFC [216].”
From The role of prefrontal cortex in cognitive control and executive function (2022) · cites this paper as [216]
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- Groman SM James AS Seu E Tran S Clark TA Harpster SN Crawford M Burtner JL Feiler K Roth RH Elsworth JD London ED Jentsch JD 2014b In the blink of an eye: relating positive-feedback sensitivity to striatal dopamine D2-like receptors through blink rate J Neurosci 34 14443 14454 25339755 PMC4205561
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The role of prefrontal cortex in cognitive control and executive function
Friedman, N. P., & Robbins, T. W. (2022) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-021-01132-0 · Cited by 1,737 · see citing works
“, selfreport measures have been correlated with medial PFC morphology, whereas CC tasks typically activate more lateral PFC [216].”
BackgroundLukito, S., Norman, L., Carlisi, C., Radua, J., Hart, H., Simonoff, E., & Rubia, K. (2020) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291720000574 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
- Authors
- Korponay, C., Dentico, D., Kral, T., Ly, M., Kruis, A., Goldman, R., Lutz, A., & Davidson, R. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Corresponding author
- Davidson, Richard J.
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-08
- Volume
- 157
- Pages
- 288-296
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5600835
- OpenAlex
- W2623520015
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 3.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2018-02-15)
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (P01AT004952)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH43454, P50-MH084051)
- Fetzer Institute and the John Templeton Foundation (#2407, ID#21337)
- Waisman Center from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P30 HD003352)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Keywords
- impulsivity, individual differences, resting-state functional connectivity, medial orbitofrontal cortex, paracingulate gyrus, go/no-go task, behavioral inhibition, motor impulsivity, non-planning impulsivity, attentional impulsivity, dopaminergic activity, decision-making networks, healthy adults
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Basal Ganglia, Blinking, Female, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Inhibition, Psychological, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Cortex, Psychomotor Performance, Thalamus, Prefrontal Cortex, Connectome, Gray Matter
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