Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 594

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Laminar Structure of Spontaneous and Sensory-Evoked Population Activity in Auditory Cortex

Open access
Sakata, Shuzo, Harris, Kenneth D.·2009·Neuron
DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2009.09.020
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Summary Spontaneous activity plays an important role in the function of neural circuits. Although many similarities between spontaneous and sensory-evoked neocortical activity have been reported, little is known about consistent differences between them. Here, using simultaneously recorded cortical populations and morphologically identified pyramidal cells, we compare the laminar structure of spontaneous and sensory-evoked population activity in rat auditory cortex. Spontaneous and evoked patterns both exhibited sparse, spatially localized activity in layer 2/3 pyramidal cells, with densely distributed activity in larger layer 5 pyramidal cells and putative interneurons. However, the propagation of spontaneous and evoked activity differed, with spontaneous activity spreading upward from deep layers and slowly across columns, but sensory responses initiating in presumptive thalamorecipient layers, spreading rapidly across columns. The similarity of sparseness patterns for both neural events, and distinct spread of activity may reflect similarity of local processing, and differences in the flow of information through cortical circuits, respectively.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.neuron.2009.09.020

Cites

22 of 22 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 22 references

Research works printed but not linked: 71

  1. Barlow, 1972, Single units and sensation: a neuron doctrine for perceptual psychology?, Perception, 1, 371, 10.1068/p010371 · DOI · Paper page
  2. Barnes, 1990, Comparison of spatial and temporal characteristics of neuronal activity in sequential stages of hippocampal processing, Prog. Brain Res., 83, 287, 10.1016/S0079-6123(08)61257-1 · DOI · Paper page
  3. Berger, 2007, Combined voltage and calcium epifluorescence imaging in vitro and in vivo reveals subthreshold and suprathreshold dynamics of mouse barrel cortex, J. Neurophysiol., 97, 3751, 10.1152/jn.01178.2006 · DOI · Paper page
  4. Bitterman, 2008, Ultra-fine frequency tuning revealed in single neurons of human auditory cortex, Nature, 451, 197, 10.1038/nature06476 · DOI
  5. Brecht, 2007, Barrel cortex and whisker-mediated behaviors, Curr. Opin. Neurobiol., 17, 408, 10.1016/j.conb.2007.07.008 · DOI
  6. Brecht, 2003, Dynamic receptive fields of reconstructed pyramidal cells in layers 3 and 2 of rat somatosensory barrel cortex, J. Physiol., 553, 243, 10.1113/jphysiol.2003.044222 · DOI · Paper page
  7. Bureau, 2006, Interdigitated paralemniscal and lemniscal pathways in the mouse barrel cortex, PLoS Biol., 4, e382, 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040382 · DOI · Paper page
  8. Buzsaki, 1998, Somadendritic backpropagation of action potentials in cortical pyramidal cells of the awake rat, J. Neurophysiol., 79, 1587, 10.1152/jn.1998.79.3.1587 · DOI
  9. Consul, 1973, A generalization of the Poisson distribution, Technometrics, 15, 791, 10.1080/00401706.1973.10489112 · DOI · Paper page
  10. Coogan, 1993, Hierarchical organization of areas in rat visual cortex, J. Neurosci., 13, 3749, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.13-09-03749.1993 · DOI · Paper page
  11. Csicsvari, 2003, Massively parallel recording of unit and local field potentials with silicon-based electrodes, J. Neurophysiol., 90, 1314, 10.1152/jn.00116.2003 · DOI · Paper page
  12. Curto, 2009, A simple model of cortical dynamics explains variability and state-dependence of sensory responses in urethane-anesthetized auditory cortex, J. Neurosci., 29, 10600, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2053-09.2009 · DOI
  13. de Kock, 2007, Layer- and cell-type-specific suprathreshold stimulus representation in rat primary somatosensory cortex, J. Physiol., 581, 139, 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.124321 · DOI · Paper page
  14. deCharms, 2000, Neural representation and the cortical code, Annu. Rev. Neurosci., 23, 613, 10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.613 · DOI · Paper page
  15. DeWeese, 2004, Shared and private variability in the auditory cortex, J. Neurophysiol., 92, 1840, 10.1152/jn.00197.2004 · DOI
  16. DeWeese, 2006, Non-Gaussian membrane potential dynamics imply sparse, synchronous activity in auditory cortex, J. Neurosci., 26, 12206, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2813-06.2006 · DOI
  17. Dierks, 1999, Activation of Heschl's gyrus during auditory hallucinations, Neuron, 22, 615, 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80715-1 · DOI · Paper page
  18. Douglas, 2004, Neuronal circuits of the neocortex, Annu. Rev. Neurosci., 27, 419, 10.1146/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144152 · DOI · Paper page
  19. Feldmeyer, 2006, Efficacy and connectivity of intracolumnar pairs of layer 2/3 pyramidal cells in the barrel cortex of juvenile rats, J. Physiol., 575, 583, 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.105106 · DOI · Paper page
  20. Ferezou, 2007, Spatiotemporal dynamics of cortical sensorimotor integration in behaving mice, Neuron, 56, 907, 10.1016/j.neuron.2007.10.007 · DOI · Paper page
  21. Froemke, 2005, Spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity depends on dendritic location, Nature, 434, 221, 10.1038/nature03366 · DOI · Paper page
  22. Gawne, 1993, How independent are the messages carried by adjacent inferior temporal cortical neurons?, J. Neurosci., 13, 2758, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.13-07-02758.1993 · DOI · Paper page
  23. Gilbert, 1983, Microcircuitry of the visual cortex, Annu. Rev. Neurosci., 6, 217, 10.1146/annurev.ne.06.030183.001245 · DOI · Paper page
  24. Greenberg, 2008, Population imaging of ongoing neuronal activity in the visual cortex of awake rats, Nat. Neurosci., 11, 749, 10.1038/nn.2140 · DOI · Paper page
  25. Harris, 2005, Neural signatures of cell assembly organization, Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 6, 399, 10.1038/nrn1669 · DOI · Paper page
  26. Harris, 2000, Accuracy of tetrode spike separation as determined by simultaneous intracellular and extracellular measurements, J. Neurophysiol., 84, 401, 10.1152/jn.2000.84.1.401 · DOI · Paper page
  27. Harris, 2001, Temporal interaction between single spikes and complex spike bursts in hippocampal pyramidal cells, Neuron, 32, 141, 10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00447-0 · DOI · Paper page
  28. Harris, 2003, Organization of cell assemblies in the hippocampus, Nature, 424, 552, 10.1038/nature01834 · DOI · Paper page
  29. Hazan, 2006, Klusters, NeuroScope, NDManager: a free software suite for neurophysiological data processing and visualization, J. Neurosci. Methods, 155, 207, 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2006.01.017 · DOI · Paper page
  30. Hefti, 2000, Anatomy, physiology, and synaptic responses of rat layer V auditory cortical cells and effects of intracellular GABA(A) blockade, J. Neurophysiol., 83, 2626, 10.1152/jn.2000.83.5.2626 · DOI
  31. Henze, 2000, Intracellular features predicted by extracellular recordings in the hippocampus in vivo, J. Neurophysiol., 84, 390, 10.1152/jn.2000.84.1.390 · DOI · Paper page
  32. Hoffman, 2007, The upshot of up states in the neocortex: from slow oscillations to memory formation, J. Neurosci., 27, 11838, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3501-07.2007 · DOI
  33. Hromadka, 2008, Sparse representation of sounds in the unanesthetized auditory cortex, PLoS Biol., 6, e16, 10.1371/journal.pbio.0060016 · DOI · Paper page
  34. Hunter, 2006, Neural activity in speech-sensitive auditory cortex during silence, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 103, 189, 10.1073/pnas.0506268103 · DOI
  35. Itskov, 2008, Valuations for spike train prediction, Neural Comput., 20, 644, 10.1162/neco.2007.3179 · DOI
  36. Kampa, 2007, Dendritic mechanisms controlling spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity, Trends Neurosci., 30, 456, 10.1016/j.tins.2007.06.010 · DOI
  37. Kaur, 2005, Spectral integration in primary auditory cortex: laminar processing of afferent input, in vivo and in vitro, Neuroscience, 134, 1033, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.04.052 · DOI
  38. Kilgard, 1999, Distributed representation of spectral and temporal information in rat primary auditory cortex, Hear. Res., 134, 16, 10.1016/S0378-5955(99)00061-1 · DOI
  39. Kimura, 2003, Auditory thalamic nuclei projections to the temporal cortex in the rat, Neuroscience, 117, 1003, 10.1016/S0306-4522(02)00949-1 · DOI
  40. Kjaer, 1994, Decoding cortical neuronal signals: network models, information estimation and spatial tuning, J. Comput. Neurosci., 1, 109, 10.1007/BF00962721 · DOI
  41. Laurent, 2002, Olfactory network dynamics and the coding of multidimensional signals, Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 3, 884, 10.1038/nrn964 · DOI · Paper page
  42. Levy, 1996, Energy efficient neural codes, Neural Comput., 8, 531, 10.1162/neco.1996.8.3.531 · DOI · Paper page
  43. Liu, 2007, Defining cortical frequency tuning with recurrent excitatory circuitry, Nat. Neurosci., 10, 1594, 10.1038/nn2012 · DOI · Paper page
  44. Luczak, 2007, Sequential structure of neocortical spontaneous activity in vivo, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 104, 347, 10.1073/pnas.0605643104 · DOI · Paper page
  45. MacLean, 2005, Internal dynamics determine the cortical response to thalamic stimulation, Neuron, 48, 811, 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.09.035 · DOI · Paper page
  46. Ojima, 1992, Characteristics of intracellularly injected infragranular pyramidal neurons in cat primary auditory cortex, Cereb. Cortex, 2, 197, 10.1093/cercor/2.3.197 · DOI
  47. Olshausen, 2004, Sparse coding of sensory inputs, Curr. Opin. Neurobiol., 14, 481, 10.1016/j.conb.2004.07.007 · DOI · Paper page
  48. Oswald, 2008, Maturation of intrinsic and synaptic properties of layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons in mouse auditory cortex, J. Neurophysiol., 99, 2998, 10.1152/jn.01160.2007 · DOI · Paper page
  49. Petersen, 2003, Interaction of sensory responses with spontaneous depolarization in layer 2/3 barrel cortex, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 100, 13638, 10.1073/pnas.2235811100 · DOI · Paper page
  50. Pinault, 1996, A novel single-cell staining procedure performed in vivo under electrophysiological control: morpho-functional features of juxtacellularly labeled thalamic cells and other central neurons with biocytin or Neurobiotin, J. Neurosci. Methods, 65, 113, 10.1016/0165-0270(95)00144-1 · DOI · Paper page
  51. Romanski, 1993, Organization of rodent auditory cortex: anterograde transport of PHA-L from MGv to temporal neocortex, Cereb. Cortex, 3, 499, 10.1093/cercor/3.6.499 · DOI
  52. Rouiller, 1991, Auditory corticocortical interconnections in the cat: evidence for parallel and hierarchical arrangement of the auditory cortical areas, Exp. Brain Res., 86, 483, 10.1007/BF00230523 · DOI
  53. Schmitzer-Torbert, 2005, Quantitative measures of cluster quality for use in extracellular recordings, Neuroscience, 131, 1, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.09.066 · DOI · Paper page
  54. Schreiner, 2000, Modular organization of frequency integration in primary auditory cortex, Annu. Rev. Neurosci., 23, 501, 10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.501 · DOI · Paper page
  55. Schubert, 2007, Mapping functional connectivity in barrel-related columns reveals layer- and cell type-specific microcircuits, Brain Struct. Funct., 212, 107, 10.1007/s00429-007-0147-z · DOI
  56. Simons, 1978, Response properties of vibrissa units in rat SI somatosensory neocortex, J. Neurophysiol., 41, 798, 10.1152/jn.1978.41.3.798 · DOI · Paper page
  57. Smith, 2001, Fundamental differences between the thalamocortical recipient layers of the cat auditory and visual cortices, J. Comp. Neurol., 436, 508, 10.1002/cne.1084 · DOI
  58. Sohya, 2007, GABAergic neurons are less selective to stimulus orientation than excitatory neurons in layer II/III of visual cortex, as revealed by in vivo functional Ca2+ imaging in transgenic mice, J. Neurosci., 27, 2145, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4641-06.2007 · DOI · Paper page
  59. Swadlow, 1988, Efferent neurons and suspected interneurons in binocular visual cortex of the awake rabbit: receptive fields and binocular properties, J. Neurophysiol., 59, 1162, 10.1152/jn.1988.59.4.1162 · DOI
  60. Swadlow, 1989, Efferent neurons and suspected interneurons in S-1 vibrissa cortex of the awake rabbit: receptive fields and axonal properties, J. Neurophysiol., 62, 288, 10.1152/jn.1989.62.1.288 · DOI
  61. Swadlow, 1994, Efferent neurons and suspected interneurons in motor cortex of the awake rabbit: axonal properties, sensory receptive fields, and subthreshold synaptic inputs, J. Neurophysiol., 71, 437, 10.1152/jn.1994.71.2.437 · DOI · Paper page
  62. Szentagothai, 1983, The modular architectonic principle of neural centers, Rev. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol., 98, 11, 10.1007/BFb0033866 · DOI · Paper page
  63. Thomson, 2007, Functional maps of neocortical local circuitry, Frontiers in Neuroscience, 1, 19, 10.3389/neuro.01.1.1.002.2007 · DOI · Paper page
  64. Turner, 2005, Divergent response properties of layer-V neurons in rat primary auditory cortex, Hear. Res., 202, 129, 10.1016/j.heares.2004.09.011 · DOI
  65. van Brederode, 1995, Differences in inhibitory synaptic input between layer II-III and layer V neurons of the cat neocortex, J. Neurophysiol., 74, 1149, 10.1152/jn.1995.74.3.1149 · DOI
  66. Vinje, 2000, Sparse coding and decorrelation in primary visual cortex during natural vision, Science, 287, 1273, 10.1126/science.287.5456.1273 · DOI · Paper page
  67. Wallace, 2008, Laminar differences in the response properties of cells in the primary auditory cortex, Exp. Brain Res., 184, 179, 10.1007/s00221-007-1092-z · DOI
  68. Wang, 2008, Neural coding of temporal information in auditory thalamus and cortex, Neuroscience, 154, 294, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.03.065 · DOI · Paper page
  69. Willmore, 2001, Characterizing the sparseness of neural codes, Network, 12, 255, 10.1080/net.12.3.255.270 · DOI · Paper page
  70. Winer, 2007, The distributed auditory cortex, Hear. Res., 229, 3, 10.1016/j.heares.2007.01.017 · DOI · Paper page
  71. Wu, 2008, Lateral sharpening of cortical frequency tuning by approximately balanced inhibition, Neuron, 58, 132, 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.01.035 · DOI · Paper page

Cited by

See all 594

Metadata

Authors
Sakata, S., & Harris, K. D.
Venue
Neuron
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2009-11
Volume
64
Issue
3
Pages
404-418
ISSN
0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.neuron.2009.09.020
OpenAlex
W2041464948
Cited by
594
References
22
FWCI
13.86
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze
Licence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Laminar Structure of Spontaneous and Sensory-Evoked Population Activity in Auditory Cortex. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.neuron.2009.09.020
The paper
Sakata, S., & Harris, K. D. (2009). Laminar Structure of Spontaneous and Sensory-Evoked Population Activity in Auditory Cortex. Neuron. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2009.09.020

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.