Linalool Reverses Neuropathological and Behavioral Impairments in Old Triple Transgenic Alzheimer's Mice
Open accessAbstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Several types of treatments have been tested to block or delay the onset of the disease, but none have been completely successful. Diet, lifestyle and natural products are currently the main scientific focuses. Here, we evaluate the effects of oral administration of the monoterpene linalool (25 mg/kg), every 48 h for 3 months, on aged (21-24 months old) mice with a triple transgenic model of AD (3xTg-AD) mice. Linalool-treated 3xTg-AD mice showed improved learning and spatial memory and greater risk assessment behavior during the elevated plus maze. Hippocampi and amygdalae from linalool-treated 3xTg-AD mice exhibited a significant reduction in extracellular β-amyloidosis, tauopathy, astrogliosis and microgliosis as well as a significant reduction in the levels of the pro-inflammatory markers p38 MAPK, NOS2, COX2 and IL-1β. Together, our findings suggest that linalool reverses the histopathological hallmarks of AD and restores cognitive and emotional functions via an anti-inflammatory effect. Thus, linalool may be an AD prevention candidate for preclinical studies.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The neuroprotective effects of linalool correlate with reduced levels of p38 MAPK, NOS2, COX-2, and IL-1β.
“These neuroprotective effects correlate with reduced levels of p38 MAPK, NOS2, COX-2, and IL-1β (Sabogal-Guáqueta et al., 2016).”
From Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Phytochemicals in Alzheimer’s Disease: Focus on Polyphenols and Monoterpenes (2022) · cites this paper as Sabogal-Guáqueta et al., 2016
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The mouse brain in stereotaxic coordinates
Konsman, J. (2003) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/s0306-4530(03)00088-x · Cited by 16,796 · see citing works
The Mouse Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates
Paxinos, G. (2001) · Cited by 12,859 · see citing works
2016 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures
Alzheimer's Association (2016) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2016.03.001 · Cited by 5,069 · see citing works
Triple-Transgenic Model of Alzheimer’s Disease with Plaques and Tangles
Oddo, S., Caccamo, A., Shepherd, J. D., Murphy, M. P., Golde, T. E., Kayed, R., Metherate, R., Mattson, M. P., Akbari, Y., & LaFerla, F. M. (2003) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00434-3 · Cited by 4,126 · see citing works
Hearing loss and cognitive decline in older adults
Lin, F. R., Yaffe, K., Xia, J., Xue, Q.-L., Harris, T. B., Purchase-Helzner, E., Satterfield, S., Ayonayon, H. N., Ferrucci, L., Simonsick, E. M., et al. (2013) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.1868 · Cited by 4,017 · see citing works
The use of the elevated plus maze as an assay of anxiety-related behavior in rodents
Walf, A. A., & Frye, C. A. (2007) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/nprot.2007.44 · Cited by 3,035 · see citing works
Amyloid-β and tau — a toxic pas de deux in Alzheimer's disease
Ittner, L. M., & Götz, J. (2010) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2967 · Cited by 1,357 · see citing works
Kalaria, R. N., Maestre, G. E., Arizaga, R., Friedland, R. P., Galasko, D., Hall, K., Luchsinger, J. A., Ogunniyi, A., Perry, E. K., Potocnik, F., et al. (2008) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(08)70169-8 · Cited by 1,233 · see citing works
Alzheimer disease: Epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, risk factors and biomarkers
Reitz, C., & Mayeux, R. P. (2014) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2013.12.024 · Cited by 1,180 · see citing works
2014 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures
Alzheimer's Association (2014) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2014.02.001 · Cited by 1,032 · see citing works
Khan, U. A., Liu, L., Provenzano, F. A., Berman, D. E., Profaci, C. P., Sloan, R., Mayeux, R., Duff, K. E., & Small, S. A. (2014) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3606 · Cited by 561 · see citing works
Hutchinson, E. (2011) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2985 · Cited by 534 · see citing works
Animal models of anxiety disorders and stress
Campos, A. C., Fogaça, M. V., de Aguiar, D. C., & Guimarães, F. S. (2013) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2013-1139 · Cited by 473 · see citing works
Perry, N. S. L., Houghton, P. J., Theobald, A. E., Jenner, P. G., & Perry, E. K. (2000) · Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1211/0022357001774598 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Sabogal-Guáqueta, A. M., Muñoz‐Manco, J. I., Ramírez‐Pineda, J. R., Lamprea, M. R., Osorio, E., & Cardona‐Gómez, G. P. (2015) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.01.027 · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Self-citationJukić, M., Politeo, O., Maksimović, M., et al. (2006) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.2063 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Effects of inhaled Linalool in anxiety, social interaction and aggressive behavior in mice
Linck, V. M., Silva, A. L. D., Figueiró, M., Caramão, E. B., Moreno, P. R. H., & Elisabetsky, E. (2009) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2009.10.002 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Effects of linalool on glutamatergic system in the rat cerebral cortex
Elisabetsky, E., Marschner, J., & Souza, D. O. (1995) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/bf00973103 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Mastrangelo, M. A., & Bowers, W. J. (2008) · BMC Neuroscience · doi:10.1186/1471-2202-9-81 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Inhaled linalool-induced sedation in mice
Linck, V. D. M., da Silva, A. L., Figueiró, M., Piato, Â., Herrmann, A. P., Birck, F. D., Caramão, E. B., Nunes, D. S., Moreno, P. R. H., & Elisabetsky, E. (2008) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2008.08.001 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Huo, M., Cui, X., Xue, J., Chi, G., Gao, R., Deng, X., Guan, S., Wei, J., Soromou, L. W., Feng, H., et al. (2012) · Journal of Surgical Research · doi:10.1016/j.jss.2012.10.050 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Anticonvulsant properties of linalool in glutamate-related seizure models
Elisabetsky, E., Brum, L. F. S., & Souza, D. O. (1999) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/s0944-7113(99)80044-0 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Cardona‐Gómez, G. P., Pérez, M., Ávila, J., García‐Segura, L. M., & Wandosell, F. G. (2004) · Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.mcn.2003.10.008 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Self-citationFragrance material review on linalool
Letizia, C. S., Cocchiara, J., Lalko, J., et al. (2003) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/s0278-6915(03)00015-2 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Mitić-Ćulafić, D., Žegura, B., Nikolić, B., Vuković‐Gačić, B., Knežević‐Vukčević, J., & Filipič, M. (2008) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2008.11.015 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Naturally Occurring Iridoids, Secoiridoids and Their Bioactivity. An Updated Review, Part 3
Dinda, B., Chowdhury, D. R., & Mohanta, B. C. (2009) · Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin · doi:10.1248/cpb.57.765 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
2017 Alzheimers Disease Facts and Figures
Alzheimers Association (2017) · Issue Lab (Candid) · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Batista, P. A., Werner, M. F. D. P., Oliveira, E. C., Burgos, L., Pereira, P., Brum, L. F. D. S., Story, G. M., & Santos, A. R. S. (2010) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2010.02.022 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Effects of Linalool on Glutamate Release and Uptake in Mouse Cortical Synaptosomes
Brum, L. F. S., Emanuelli, T., Souza, D. O., & Elisabetsky, E. (2001) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1023/a:1010904214482 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Modulation of inflammation in transgenic models of Alzheimer’s disease
Birch, A. M., Katsouri, L., & Sastre, M. (2014) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/1742-2094-11-25 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Cognitive-enhancing activity of thymol and carvacrol in two rat models of dementia
Azizi, Z., Ebrahimi, S., Saadatfar, E., et al. (2012) · Behavioural Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/fbp.0b013e3283534301 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Linalool Inhibits LPS-Induced Inflammation in BV2 Microglia Cells by Activating Nrf2
Li, Y., Lv, O., Zhou, F., Li, Q., Wu, Z., & Zheng, Y. (2015) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-015-1629-7 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Linalool as a neuroprotective agent against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in Wistar rats
Mehri, S., Meshki, M. A., & Hosseinzadeh, H. (2014) · Drug and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.3109/01480545.2014.919585 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Çeli̇k, S., & Özkaya, A. (2002) · BMB Reports · doi:10.5483/bmbrep.2002.35.6.547 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Beier, R. C., Byrd, J. A., Kubena, L. F., Hume, M. E., McReynolds, J. L., Anderson, R. C., & Nisbet, D. J. (2014) · Poultry Science · doi:10.3382/ps.2013-03254 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Novel Regimens and Delivery Systems in the Pharmacological Treatment of Alzheimerʼs Disease
Bassil, N., & Grossberg, G. T. (2009) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.2165/00023210-200923040-00003 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Cheng, B.-H., Sheen, L., & Chang, S. (2014) · Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jtcme.2014.10.007 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Nascimento, S. S., Camargo, E. A., DeSantana, J. M., Araújo, A. A. D. S., Menezes, P. D. P., Lucca‐Júnior, W., Júnior, R. L. C. D. A., Bonjardim, L. R., & Quintans‐Júnior, L. J. (2014) · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00210-014-1007-z · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Cho, S., Jun, H., Lee, J. H., et al. (2011) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2011.09.012 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Cardiovascular Effects Induced by Linalool in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats
Anjos, P. J. C., Lima, A. O., Cunha, P. S., de Sousa, D. P., Onofre, A. S. C., Ribeiro, T. P., de Medeiros, I. A., Antoniolli, Â. R., Quintans‐Júnior, L. J., & Santos, M. R. V. (2013) · Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C · doi:10.1515/znc-2013-5-603 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Wu, Q., Yu, L.-J., Qiu, J., Shen, B., Wang, D., Soromou, L. W., & Feng, H. (2014) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2014.05.030 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Tabassum, R., Vaibhav, K., Shrivastava, P., et al. (2014) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.09.015 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Lee, D. C., Rizer, J., Hunt, J. B., Selenica, M. ‐. B., Gordon, M. N., & Morgan, D. (2013) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/nan.12002 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Li, J., Zhang, X., & Huang, H. (2014) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2014.10.001 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Cline, M., Taylor, J. E., Flores, J., Bracken, S., McCall, S., & Ceremuga, T. E. (2008) · PubMed · Cited by 50 · see citing works
de Almeida, E. R., Rafael, K. R. D. O., Couto, G. B. L., & Ishigami, A. B. M. (2009) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2009/274740 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Cantanelli, P., Sperduti, S., Ciavardelli, D., Stuppia, L., Gatta, V., & Sensi, S. L. (2014) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2014.00200 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Chung, M. J., Park, K.-W., Kim, K. H., et al. (2007) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114507798926 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Castro-Álvarez, J. F., Uribe‐Arias, A., Kosik, K. S., & Cardona‐Gómez, G. P. (2014) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2014.00243 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationCoelho, V. R., Gianesini, J., Borowski, R. G. V., Mazzardo‐Martins, L., Martins, D. F., Picada, J. N., Santos, A. R. S., Brum, L. F. S., & Pereira, P. (2011) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2011.02.010 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Alinejad, B., Ghorbani, A., & Sadeghnia, H. R. (2013) · PubMed · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Kang, J., Ryoo, N., Shin, D. W., Trojanowski, J. Q., & Shaw, L. M. J. (2014) · Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology · doi:10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.6.447 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Videira, R., Castanheira, P., Grãos, M., et al. (2014) · Journal of Natural Products · doi:10.1021/np400903w · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Cardiovascular Effects Induced by Linalool in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats
Anjos, P. J. C., Lima, A. O., Cunha, P. S., et al. (2013) · Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C · doi:10.5560/znc.2013.68c0181 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Role of p38/MAPKs in Alzheimer's Disease: Implications for Amyloid Beta Toxicity Targeted Therapy
Kheiri, G., Dolatshahi, M., Rahmani, F., & Rezaei, N. (2018) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro-2018-0008 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Sabogal-Guáqueta, A. M., Hobbie, F., Keerthi, A., Oun, A., Kortholt, A., Boddeke, E., & Dolga, A. (2019) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109295 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Self-citationShin, M., Liu, Q. F., Choi, B., Shin, C., Lee, B., Yuan, C., Song, Y. J., Yun, H. S., Lee, I.-S., Koo, B.-S., et al. (2020) · Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin · doi:10.1248/bpb.b19-00495 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Piccialli, I., Tedeschi, V., Caputo, L., D’Errico, S., Ciccone, R., De Feo, V., Secondo, A., & Pannaccione, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.876614 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Iridoids and other monoterpenes in the Alzheimer’s brain: Recent development and future prospects
Habtemariam, S. (2018) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules23010117 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Caputo, L., Piccialli, I., Ciccone, R., de Caprariis, P., Massa, A., De Feo, V., & Pannaccione, A. (2021) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.6827 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
- Authors
- Sabogal-Guáqueta, A. M., Osorio, E., & Cardona-Gómez, G. P.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Antioquia (CO)
- Venue
- Neuropharmacology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-03
- Volume
- 102
- Pages
- 111-120
- ISSN
- 0028-3908 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4698173
- OpenAlex
- W2170522615
- Cited by
- 148
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 5
- FWCI
- 7.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- Locations
- Neuropharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Repository University of Antioquia (University of Antioquia) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- COLCIENCIAS (11565740581 (GPC-G))
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- linalool, Alzheimer's disease, triple transgenic mice, monoterpenes, cognitive impairment, spatial memory, risk assessment behavior, amyloid-beta, tauopathy, astrocyte activation, microglial activation, neuroinflammation, p38 MAPK, NOS2, cyclooxygenase-2, IL-1β, hippocampus, amygdala, anti-inflammatory activity, natural products
- MeSH terms
- Acyclic Monoterpenes, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Behavior, Animal, Brain, Disease Models, Animal, Mice, Transgenic, Amyloid beta-Peptides, tau Proteins, Maze Learning, Monoterpenes, Mice, Spatial Memory
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review