GLP-1 and estrogen conjugate acts in the supramammillary nucleus to reduce food-reward and body weight
Open accessAbstract
The obesity epidemic continues unabated and currently available pharmacological treatments are not sufficiently effective. Combining gut/brain peptide, GLP-1, with estrogen into a conjugate may represent a novel, safe and potent, strategy to treat diabesity. Here we demonstrate that the central administration of GLP-1-estrogen conjugate reduced food reward, food intake, and body weight in rats. In order to determine the brain location of the interaction of GLP-1 with estrogen, we avail of single-photon emission computed tomography imaging of regional cerebral blood flow and pinpoint a brain site unexplored for its role in feeding and reward, the supramammillary nucleus (SUM) as a potential target of the conjugated GLP-1-estrogen. We confirm that conjugated GLP-1 and estrogen directly target the SUM with site-specific microinjections. Additional microinjections of GLP-1-estrogen into classic energy balance controlling nuclei, the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) revealed that the metabolic benefits resulting from GLP-1-estrogen injections are mediated through the LH and to some extent by the NTS. In contrast, no additional benefit of the conjugate was noted on food reward when the compound was microinjected into the LH or the NTS, identifying the SUM as the only neural substrate identified here to underlie the reward reducing benefits of GLP-1 and estrogen conjugate. Collectively we discover a surprising neural substrate underlying food intake and reward effects of GLP-1 and estrogen and uncover a new brain area capable of regulating energy balance and reward.
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When administered as a conjugate molecule, GLP-1 RAs and estrogen act in a synergistic manner, activating the supramammillary nucleus, resulting in a greater modification of food-reward behavior and potentially leading to a greater reduction in body weight.
“A very interesting element of this strategy is that when administered as a conjugate molecule, GLP-1 RAs and estrogen act in a synergistic manner, activating a specific brain area which controls food intake, the supramammillary nucleus. This activation results in a greater modification of the food-reward behavior and therefore can potentially lead to a greater reduction in body weight [88].”
From Sex Differences in Response to Treatment with Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists: Opportunities for a Tailored Approach to Diabetes and Obesity Care (2022) · cites this paper as [88]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Vogel, H., Wolf, S., Rabasa, C., Rodriguez-Pacheco, F., Babaei, C. S., Stöber, F., Goldschmidt, J., DiMarchi, R. D., Finan, B., Tschöp, M. H., Dickson, S. L., Schürmann, A., & Skibicka, K. P.
- Affiliations
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DE)
- German Institute of Human Nutrition (DE)
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (DE)
- Indiana University Bloomington (US)
- Helmholtz Munich (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Skibicka, Karolina P.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neuropharmacology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-11
- Volume
- 110
- Issue
- Pt A
- Pages
- 396-406
- ISSN
- 0028-3908 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2492319440
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8
- FWCI
- 5.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuropharmacology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Informationszentrum Lebenswissenschaften (ZB MED) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion)
- Site cant be reached (submittedVersion)
- PuSH - Publication Server of Helmholtz Zentrum München (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Ragnar Söderbergs stiftelse
- European Commission (266408, 607310)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (VO 1966/1-1)
- Vetenskapsrådet (2014–2945)
- Novo Nordisk Fonden
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- glucagon-like peptide-1, estrogen, supramammillary nucleus, food reward, dietary intake, body weight, obesity, diabesity, lateral hypothalamus, nucleus tractus solitarius, energy balance
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Body Weight, Brain Mapping, Central Nervous System Agents, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Eating, Estrogens, Food, Hypothalamus, Posterior, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Motivation, Reward, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
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