Thalamocortical functional connectivity and behavioral disruptions in neonates with prenatal cocaine exposure
Open accessAbstract
Prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) affects neurobehavioral development, however, disentangling direct drug-related mechanisms from contextual effects (e.g., socioeconomic status) has proven challenging in humans. The effects of environmental confounds are minimal immediately after birth thus we aimed to delineate neurobehavioral correlates of PCE in a large cohort of neonates (2-6weeks of age, N=152) with and without drug exposure using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) and developmental assessments at 3months with the Bayley Scales of Infant & Toddler Development, 3rd edition. The cohort included healthy controls and neonates with similar poly-drug exposure±cocaine. We focused on the thalamus given its critical importance in early brain development and its unique positioning in the dopamine system. Our results revealed PCE-related hyper-connectivity between the thalamus and frontal regions and a drug-common hypo-connective signature between the thalamus and motor-related regions. PCE-specific neonatal thalamo-frontal connectivity was inversely related to cognitive and fine motor scores and thalamo-motor connectivity showed a positive relationship with composite (gross plus fine) motor scores. Finally, cocaine by selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor (SSRI) interactions were detected, suggesting the combined use of these drugs during pregnancy could have additional consequences on fetal development. Overall, our findings provide the first delineation of PCE-related disruptions of thalamocortical functional connectivity, neurobehavioral correlations, and drug-drug interactions during infancy.
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Prenatal cocaine exposure is associated with aberrant functional connectivity between the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex and between the thalamus and frontal cortex.
“prenatal cocaine exposure is associated with aberrant functional connectivity between the amygdala and the medial prefrontal cortex183 and between the thalamus and frontal cortex182”
From Imaging structural and functional brain development in early childhood (2018) · cites this paper as [182]
Recent studies have revealed substantial alterations of resting-state networks due to prenatal drug exposure.
“Recent studies have revealed substantial alterations of resting-state networks due to prenatal drug exposure182, 183”
From Imaging structural and functional brain development in early childhood (2018) · cites this paper as [182]
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Self-citationA hierarchical model of early brain functional network development
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Self-citationPrenatal antidepressant exposure and sex differences in neonatal corpus callosum microstructure
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Genetic and environmental factors influencing neonatal resting-state functional connectivity
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Self-citationRecent advances in preclinical and clinical multimodal MR in the newborn brain
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The neonatal brain : early connectome development and childhood cognition
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Prenatal Antidepressant Exposure and the Developing Brain: A Review of Neuroimaging Findings
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A blueprint of the developing mind
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Different prenatal substance exposures have distinct developmental impacts
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Salzwedel, A. P., Grewen, K. M., Goldman, B. D., & Gao, W.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Grewen, Karen M.
- Gao, Wei
- Venue
- Neurotoxicology and Teratology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-07
- Volume
- 56
- Pages
- 16-25
- ISSN
- 0892-0362 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4935611
- OpenAlex
- W2405134753
- Cited by
- 46
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6
- FWCI
- 6.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Neurotoxicology and Teratology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- NIH (R03 DA036645-01A1, 1R21NS088975-01A1, P01DA022446)
- Cedars-Sinai Institutional Support
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- Keywords
- prenatal cocaine exposure, neonates, thalamus, neurobehavioral development, cognitive development, fine motor development, gross motor development, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, drug-drug interactions, dopaminergic system
- MeSH terms
- Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Cocaine, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Motor Activity, Neural Pathways, Neuropsychological Tests, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Thalamus
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