Branched-chain amino acid supplementation and exercise-induced muscle damage in exercise recovery: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Abstract
Objective Accumulating evidence suggests positive effects of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) on moderate muscle damage. However, findings vary substantially across studies. The aim of this review was to examine the effect of BCAAs on recovery following exercise-induced muscle damage.Methods Controlled trials were identified through a computerized literature search and tracking of citations performed up to November 2015. To pool data, either a fixed-effects or a random-effects model was used; for assessing heterogeneity, Cochran's Q and I 2 tests were used.Results Eight trials met the inclusion criteria. Pooled data from the eight studies showed that BCAAs significantly reduced creatine kinase at two follow-up times (<24 and 24 h) in comparison with placebo recovery (<24 h: mean difference, -71.55 U/L, 95% confidence interval, -93.49 to -49.60, P < 0.000, n = 5 trials; 24 h: mean difference, -145.04 U/L, 95% confidence interval, -253.66 to -36.43, P = 0.009, n = 8 trials). In contrast, effects were not significant in any of the follow-up times for muscle soreness or lactate dehydrogenase.Conclusion The current evidence-based information indicates that use of BCAAs is better than passive recovery or rest after various forms of exhaustive and damaging exercise. The advantages relate to a reduction in muscle soreness and ameliorated muscle function because of an attenuation of muscle strength and muscle power loss after exercise.
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BCAA supplementation (>200 mg·kg−1·day−1) may optimize recovery and mitigate muscle soreness following muscle-damaging exercise.
“Indeed, several systematic reviews and meta-analysis have concluded that BCAA supplementation (>200 mg·kg−1·day−1) may optimize recovery and mitigate muscle soreness following muscle-damaging exercise [128,129,130,131].”
From The 4R’s Framework of Nutritional Strategies for Post-Exercise Recovery: A Review with Emphasis on New Generation of Carbohydrates (2020) · cites this paper as [129]
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Meng, K. (2025) · American Journal of Men s Health · doi:10.1177/15579883251332731 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Shahi, M. H. P., Khah, A. S., Sefidari, A., & MIRZAEI, K. (2022) · Minerva Endocrinology · doi:10.23736/s2724-6507.22.03782-4 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
SPORCU PERFORMANSINI ARTIRAN GÜNCEL BESİN TAKVİYELERİ
Bor, H. (2025) · Ankara Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.33689/spormetre.1535816 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Marine-Derived Proteins: Emerging Nutritional Strategies for Optimizing Athletic Performance
Hefny, N. E. D. A., & Mourgan, F. H. A. E. (2026) · The Open Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.2174/0118740707465601260603104120 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Cárdenas, L. H. (2019) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Are Dietary Supplements, Harmful or Good for Athletes?
Miller, F. G., McGrowder, D. A., Vaz, K., & McLean-Miller, K. (2022) · Journal of Sports and Physical Education Studies · doi:10.32996/jspes.2022.2.1.2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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Maszlag, A., Mayer, L., Fritz, R., & Fritz, P. (2023) · Recreation · doi:10.21486/recreation.2023.13.2.1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Wang, S. (2024) · Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology · doi:10.1590/1678-4324-2024220879 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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Self-citationSefidari, A., & Rahimi, M. H. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1025088/v2
Self-citationCREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION FOR POST-EXERCISE MUSCLE DAMAGE
Gao, M., & Yang, X. (2023) · Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte · doi:10.1590/1517-8692202329012022_0405
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Regenerationsmanagement und Ernährung
Wiewelhove, T. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-69524-1_9
Mendes-Netto, R. S., de Carvalho, F. G., de Souza, A. C., Brandão, M. D. S., Oliveira, D. L., Costa, M. L., Borges, M. N., & Silva‐Grigoletto, M. E. D. (2026) · Nutrition Bulletin · doi:10.1111/nbu.70064
- Authors
- Rahimi, M. H., Shab-Bidar, S., Mollahosseini, M., & Djafarian, K.
- Affiliations
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences (IR)
- Corresponding author
- Djafarian, Kurosh
- Venue
- Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-10
- Volume
- 42
- Pages
- 30-36
- ISSN
- 0899-9007 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2614747718
- Cited by
- 81
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 0.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2018-03-01)
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- branched-chain amino acids, exercise-induced muscle damage, post-exercise recovery, creatine kinase, muscle soreness, lactate dehydrogenase, muscle strength, muscle power, post-exercise supplementation
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acids, Branched-Chain, Humans, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, Exercise, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Muscle, Skeletal, Dietary Supplements, Myalgia
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