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Cited by 160Retinal Diseases and TreatmentsOcular Diseases and Behçet’s SyndromeRetinal Imaging and Analysis

Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease as Risk Factors for Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Vine, Andrew K., Stader, Jacqueline, Branham, Kari, Musch, David C., Swaroop, Anand·2005·Ophthalmology
DOI 10.1016/j.ophtha.2005.07.004
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Abstract

Purpose To measure and contrast 2 biomarkers of cardiovascular disease, C-reactive protein (CRP) and plasma homocysteine, in individuals with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and control individuals without AMD.Design Case-control study.Participants Seventy-nine affected individuals and 77 unaffected individuals from the AMD Genetic Study Group returned to obtain CRP and homocysteine levels.Methods Both affected and unaffected individuals underwent testing for CRP and homocysteine. A detailed cardiovascular history was taken.Main outcome measures Mean CRP and homocysteine levels in affected and unaffected individuals.Results Mean CRP levels for affected and unaffected individuals were 3.42 and 2.30 mg/l, respectively (P = 0.03). Mean homocysteine levels for affected and unaffected individuals were 11.72 and 8.88 micromol/l, respectively (P<0.0001). In logistic regression models, older age, higher CRP, and higher homocysteine were risk factors for AMD. There were no significant differences between cases and controls in terms of gender, diabetes, hypertension, use of statin drugs, and smoking. The control group was significantly younger and had a lower rate of vitamin usage than the affected group.Conclusions Elevated CRP and homocysteine levels are associated with AMD and implicate the role of chronic inflammation and atherosclerosis.

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Authors
Vine, A. K., Stader, J., Branham, K., Musch, D. C., & Swaroop, A.
Affiliations
University of Michigan (US)
Corresponding author
Vine, Andrew K.
ORCID
Venue
Ophthalmology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2005-12
Volume
112
Issue
12
Pages
2076-2080
ISSN
0161-6420 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.ophtha.2005.07.004
OpenAlex
W2061671127
Cited by
160
References
54
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 15
FWCI
10.36
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Ophthalmology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
University of Michigan
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Diseases and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Retinal Imaging and Analysis
Keywords
age-related macular degeneration, C-reactive protein, homocysteine, cardiovascular biomarkers, chronic inflammation, atherosclerosis, risk factors
MeSH terms
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, C-Reactive Protein, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Female, Fluorescein Angiography, Homocysteine, Humans, Inflammation, Macular Degeneration, Male, Middle Aged, Nephelometry and Turbidimetry, Risk Factors, Biomarkers, Case-Control Studies, Atherosclerosis

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