Cardiovascular risk factors and age-related macular degeneration: the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study
Open accessAbstract
Purpose To assess the association of cardiovascular risk factors and ocular perfusion pressure with early and advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in Latinos.Design Population-based, cross-sectional study.Methods Data were collected from a population-based sample of self-identified adult Latinos using standardized protocols for assessing blood pressure and intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement and stereoscopic macular photography. Hypertension was defined as either a history of hypertension or systolic blood pressure (SBP) > 140 mm Hg +/- diastolic blood pressure (DBP) > or = 85 mm Hg. Ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) was defined as the difference between mean arterial blood pressure and IOP. AMD was diagnosed from photographic grading by masked trained graders. Logistic regression was used to assess associations.Results Gradable retinal photographs were available in 5,875 participants. After adjusting for age, gender, and cigarette smoking, higher DBP and uncontrolled diastolic hypertension were associated with exudative AMD (odds ratio [OR], 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1 to 2.8; and OR, 3.3; CI, 1.2 to 9.3, respectively). Higher OPP was associated with a decreased risk of geographic atrophy (GA) (OR, 0.4 per 10 mm Hg; CI, 0.3 to 0.5). Low pulse pressure was associated with a lower risk of exudative AMD (OR, 0.2; CI, 0.1 to 0.6). Obesity was associated with increased retinal pigment (OR, 1.6; CI, 1.0 to 2.3).Conclusions These data suggest that in Latinos cardiovascular risk factors may play a role in advanced AMD. Given that Latinos have a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, an intervention aimed at reducing these risk factors may also have a beneficial impact on the risk of having early and advanced AMD.
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Hypertension was found to be associated with age-related macular degeneration in some studies.
“Hypertension was found to be associated with age-related macular degeneration in some studies.87–89”
From Age-related macular degeneration (2008) · cites this paper as [88]
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- Authors
- Fraser-Bell, S., Wu, J., Klein, R., Azen, S. P., Hooper, C., Foong, A. W. P., & Varma, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Varma, Rohit
- Venue
- American Journal of Ophthalmology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-02
- Volume
- 145
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 308-316
- ISSN
- 0002-9394 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2278164
- OpenAlex
- W2124361658
- Cited by
- 77
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 8.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Ophthalmology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Eye Institute (P30EY003040, U10EY011753)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Glaucoma and retinal disorders
- Keywords
- age-related macular degeneration, cardiovascular risk factors, ocular perfusion pressure, Hispanic Americans, hypertension, diastolic blood pressure, intraocular pressure, exudative AMD, geographic atrophy, pulse pressure, obesity, retinal pigment epithelium, Los Angeles Latino Eye Study
- MeSH terms
- Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Hypertension, Intraocular Pressure, Macular Degeneration, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Smoking, Los Angeles, Body Mass Index, Prevalence, Odds Ratio, Diabetes Complications
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