Food reinforcement, delay discounting and obesity
Open accessAbstract
Choice is a central construct in behavioral economics, with choice research divided into choice of concurrent alternative reinforcers, which is conceptualized as relative reinforcing value, or choice of small immediate versus larger delayed rewards, usually of the same commodity, which is conceptualized as delay of gratification and delay discounting. Relative reinforcing value, delay of gratification and delay discounting paradigms can be used to study obesity, which involves strong motivation to obtain and consume food reinforcers. Strong food reinforcement and difficulties in delay of gratification are risk factors for child weight gain, and both are related to individual differences in overweight/obesity. Delay discounting interacts with food reinforcement to predict energy intake. We provide a selective review of research on each of these areas, and argue that the division of choice into reinforcing value versus delay discounting is based on an arbitrary definition based on the temporality of choices. We present a model that integrates reinforcing value and delay discounting approaches. Implications of this theoretical approach to better understand excess energy intake and obesity are discussed. The paper represents an invited review by a symposium, award winner or keynote speaker at the Society for the Study of Ingestive Behavior [SSIB] Annual Meeting in Portland, July 2009.
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Behavioral economics is a conceptual system to understand how one's access and exposure predict demand and subsequent intake.
“The environment in which one resides is a known predictor of consumption behavior (39), thus behavioral economics is a conceptual system to understand how one's access and exposure will predict demand and subsequent intake (40–43).”
From A Biopsychosocial Overview of the Opioid Crisis: Considering Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Health (2019) · cites this paper as [40]
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Food reinforcement and parental obesity predict future weight gain in non-obese adolescents
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- Authors
- Epstein, L. H., Salvy, S. J., Carr, K. A., Dearing, K. K., & Bickel, W. K.
- Affiliations
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
- Corresponding author
- Epstein, Leonard H.
- Venue
- Physiology & Behavior
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-07
- Volume
- 100
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 438-445
- ISSN
- 0031-9384 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9632539
- OpenAlex
- W2167093267
- Cited by
- 334
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 55 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 1.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Physiology & Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA024883)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD057190, R03HD056059)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Keywords
- food reinforcement, delay discounting, delay of gratification, obesity, energy intake, food choice, child weight gain, overweight, impulsivity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Food Preferences, Humans, Obesity, Reinforcement, Psychology, Time Factors
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