Cited by 237Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesRegulation of Appetite and Obesity

NOW vs LATER brain circuits: implications for obesity and addiction

Volkow, Nora D., Baler, Ruben D.·2015·Trends in Neurosciences

Abstract

Balancing behaviors that provide a reward NOW versus behaviors that provide an advantage LATER is critical for survival. We propose a model in which dopamine (DA) can favor NOW processes through phasic signaling in reward circuits or LATER processes through tonic signaling in control circuits. At the same time, through its modulation of the orbitofrontal cortex, which processes salience attribution, DA also enables shifting from NOW to LATER, while its modulation of the insula, which processes interoceptive information, influences the probability of selecting NOW vs LATER actions on the basis of an individual's physiological state. Disruptions along these circuits contribute to diverse pathologies, including obesity and addiction.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.tins.2015.04.002

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Authors
Volkow, N. D., & Baler, R. D.
Affiliations
National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author
Volkow, Nora D.
Venue
Trends in Neurosciences
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-06
Volume
38
Issue
6
Pages
345-352
ISSN
0166-2236 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1584054336
Cited by
237
References
134
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 8 · 2013: 3
FWCI
3.37
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Trends in Neurosciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Keywords
delay discounting, dopamine signaling, phasic dopamine, tonic dopamine, reward systems, orbitofrontal cortex, insula, interoception, salience attribution, impulsivity, obesity, addiction
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain, Dopamine, Humans, Neural Pathways, Obesity, Behavior, Addictive, Substance-Related Disorders, Delay Discounting

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