The prevalence, comorbidity and risks of prolonged grief disorder among bereaved Chinese adults
Abstract
Few epidemiological studies have investigated prolonged grief disorder (PGD) in the general population of Asian countries, including China. The aim of this study was to explore the rates and risks of PGD, and the association between PGD, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety in bereaved Chinese adults. The PG-13, PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C), Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were administered to 445 subjects. Prevalence within the general population of China was 1.8% (i.e., 8/445). Among the eight subjects who met the PGD diagnosis, 75%, 87.5% and 75% scored above the cut-off point on the PCL-C, SDS and SAS, respectively, although a portion remained free from comorbidity. ANOVA, correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis demonstrated that kinship to deceased, age of the deceased, religion belief and cause of death were predictive of prolonged grief. A small proportion of bereaved persons may exhibit PGD. There is a substantial but far from complete overlap between PGD and the other three diagnoses. Bereaved parents and the widowed have high risk of PGD. These findings highlight the need for prevention, diagnosis and treatment for PGD patients.
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Persistent grief reactions are associated with elevated rates of other mental disorders and symptoms, including depression, PTSD, suicidality, and panic.
“There is also overwhelming evidence that persistent grief reactions are associated with elevated rates of other mental disorders and symptoms, including depression 62,63 , PTSD 52 , suicidality 64,65 , and panic 66 .”
At the level of the general population, estimates indicate that only 2-3% of people may experience prolonged grief disorder.
“At the level of the general population, estimates indicate that only 2-3% of people may experience prolonged grief disorder, in contrast with the nearly universal experience of bereavement 62,77 .”
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Self-citation
- Authors
- He, L., Tang, S., Yu, W., Xu, W., Xie, Q., & Wang, J.
- Affiliations
- Beijing Normal University (CN)
- Capital Medical University (CN)
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-10
- Volume
- 219
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 347-352
- ISSN
- 0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2054403319
- Cited by
- 153
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 6
- FWCI
- 12.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Death, Funerary Practices, and Mourning
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Keywords
- prolonged grief disorder, bereavement, prevalence, comorbidities, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, risk factors, causes of death, bereaved parents, Chinese adults
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Bereavement, China, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Female, Grief, Humans, Male, Risk, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Young Adult, Diagnostic Self Evaluation
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