Differential neuroendocrine responses to chronic variable stress in adult Long Evans rats exposed to handling-maternal separation as neonates

Ladd, Charlotte O.; Thrivikraman, K.V.; Huot, Rebecca L.; Plotsky, Paul M.

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2004.12.004

Cited by 145Stress Responses and CortisolNeuroendocrine regulation and behaviorNeuropeptides and Animal Physiology

Differential neuroendocrine responses to chronic variable stress in adult Long Evans rats exposed to handling-maternal separation as neonates

Ladd, Charlotte O., Thrivikraman, K.V., Huot, Rebecca L., Plotsky, Paul M.·2005·Psychoneuroendocrinology

DOI 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2004.12.004

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Abstract

Burgeoning evidence supports a preeminent role for early- and late-life stressors in the development of physio- and psychopathology. Handling-maternal separation (HMS) in neonatal Long Evans hooded rats leads to stable phenotypes ranging from resilient to vulnerable to later stressor exposure. Handling with 180 min of maternal separation yields a phenotype of stress hyper-responsiveness associated with facilitation of regional CRF neurocircuits and glucocorticoid resistance. This study assessed whether or not prolonged HMS (180 min/day, HMS180) on post-natal days 2-14 sensitizes the adult limbic hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (LHPA) axis to chronic variable stress (CS) compared to brief HMS (15 min/day, HMS15). We examined regional mRNA densities of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), its receptor CRF1, glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR); regional CRF1 and CRF2alpha binding, and pituitary-adrenal responses to an acute air-puff startle (APS) stressor in four groups: HMS15, nonstressed; HMS15, stressed; HMS180, nonstressed; HMS180, stressed. As expected we observed exaggerated pituitary-adrenal responses to APS, increased regional CRF mRNA density, decreased regional CRF1 binding, and decreased cortical GR mRNA density in nonstressed HMS180 vs. HMS15 animals. However, in contrast to our hypothesis, CS decreased pituitary-adrenal reactivity and central amygdala CRF mRNA density in HMS180 rats, while increasing cortical GR mRNA density and CRF1 binding. CS had no effect on the pituitary-adrenal response to APS in HMS15 rats, despite tripling hypothalamic paraventricular CRF mRNA density. The data suggest that many effects of prolonged HMS are reversible in adulthood by CS, while the neuroendocrine adaptations imbued by brief HMS are sufficiently stable to restrain pituitary-adrenal stress responses even following CS.

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Glucocorticoid receptors are subject to genetic effects via chaperone proteins such as SKA1 and FKBP5, as well as epigenetic changes observed after maternal deprivation in rats and in suicide decedents with childhood adversity.
“Glucocorticoid receptors are subject to genetic effects via chaperone proteins like SKA1 and FKBP5 (58, 148, 149), as well as epigenetic changes (i.e., methylation) observed in response to maternal deprivation in rats (150) and in suicide decedents with a history of childhood adversity (60).”
From A brain-centric model of suicidal behavior (2020) · cites this paper as [150]

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Authors: Ladd, C. O., Thrivikraman, K. V., Huot, R. L., & Plotsky, P. M.
Affiliations: Emory University (US)
Corresponding author: Plotsky, Paul M.
ORCID: Ladd, Charlotte O.
Venue: Psychoneuroendocrinology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2005-07
Volume: 30
Issue: 6
Pages: 520-533
ISSN: 0306-4530 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2004.12.004
OpenAlex: W2018130695
Cited by: 145
References: 106
Citations by year: 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 3.62
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Psychoneuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: University of Minnesota
National Institutes of Health (5f30mh012163-02)
National Institute of Mental Health (P50MH058922, MH58922, MH12163, MH-50113, R01MH050113)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
Keywords: neonatal stress, chronic variable stress, corticotropin-releasing factor, CRF1 receptor, glucocorticoid receptor, mineralocorticoid receptor, central amygdala, paraventricular hypothalamus, glucocorticoid resistance, Long-Evans rats
MeSH terms: CRF Receptor, Type 1, Adaptation, Physiological, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Chronic Disease, Corticosterone, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Handling, Psychological, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Male, Maternal Deprivation, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Random Allocation, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, RNA, Messenger, Reflex, Startle, Stress, Psychological, Tissue Distribution, Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Receptors, Mineralocorticoid, Rats, Long-Evans, Rats

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Differential neuroendocrine responses to chronic variable stress in adult Long Evans rats exposed to handling-maternal separation as neonates

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