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Cited by 48Mindfulness and Compassion InterventionsMenopause: Health Impacts and TreatmentsMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum

Endocrine and psychosocial moderators of mindfulness-based stress reduction for the prevention of perimenopausal depressive symptoms: a randomized controlled trial

Gordon, Jennifer L., Halleran, Maria, Beshai, Shadi, Eisenlohr-Moul, Tory A., Frederick, Joanne, Campbell, Tavis S.·2021·Psychoneuroendocrinology
DOI 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105277
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Abstract

Background The menopause transition is associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms. The current study aimed to test whether Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, an 8-week group intervention involving meditation and yoga, might reduce the risk of depressive symptoms among perimenopausal women. A secondary aim was to examine baseline characteristics, including sensitivity to estradiol fluctuation, as a moderator of treatment effects.Methods 104 healthy women from the community in the menopause transition were enrolled and randomized to MBSR (n = 52) or a waitlist control condition (n = 52). Randomization was carried out using a random number generator and opaque sealed envelopes. Depressive symptoms, the main outcome, were assessed every two weeks for 6 months using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The occurrence of an elevated CES-D score (≥16) and of a major depressive episode were pre-identified secondary outcomes. The following surveys were used to assess additional outcomes of interest every two months: the Perceived Stress Scale, Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Baseline characteristics examined as potential moderators of treatment benefit included: baseline CES-D score, past depressive episodes, recent stressful life events, a history of physical or sexual abuse, and emotional sensitivity to reproductive hormone fluctuation. Outcome assessors were blinded to the participants' assigned treatment arm.Results Outcome data were available for 44 women assigned to MBSR and 51 women in the waitlist condition. Women randomized to MBSR reported fewer depressive symptoms, less perceived stress, less anxiety, increased resilience, and improved sleep (ps < 0.001). Furthermore, several baseline characteristics predicted a greater mood benefit of MBSR, including: a history of major depression (p for the interaction <0.001), a greater number of recent stressful life events (p < .001), being in the early menopause transition (p = .002), and an increased emotional sensitivity to reproductive hormone fluctuation (p = .004). There were no group differences in the occurrence of major depressive episodes (p > .05).Conclusions MBSR appears to be an effective intervention for the prevention of depressive symptoms in the menopause transition.

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Authors
Gordon, J. L., Halleran, M., Beshai, S., Eisenlohr-Moul, T. A., Frederick, J., & Campbell, T. S.
Affiliations
  • University of Regina (CA)
  • University of Illinois Chicago (US)
  • University of Calgary (CA)
Corresponding author
Gordon, Jennifer L.
ORCID
Venue
Psychoneuroendocrinology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-08
Volume
130
Pages
105277
ISSN
0306-4530 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105277
OpenAlex
W3162657898
Cited by
48
References
95
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 2
FWCI
5.12
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Psychoneuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Canada Research Chairs
  • Canadian Institutes of Health Research
  • Canada Excellence Research Chairs
  • Saskatchewan Health Research Foundation (4349)
  • Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Keywords
mindfulness-based stress reduction, perimenopause, depressive symptoms, treatment moderators, perceived stress, trait anxiety, resilience, sleep quality, life events, history of depression
MeSH terms
Sleep Quality, Depression, Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Estradiol, Female, Humans, Stress, Psychological, Perimenopause, Mindfulness

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