Mechanisms and reutilization of modified biochar used for removal of heavy metals from wastewater: A review
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) pose serious threat to both human and environmental health and therefore, effective and low-cost techniques to remove HMs are urgently required. Because HMs are difficult to be biodegraded and transformed, adsorption is a most promising treatment method in recent times. Biochar (BC), a low-cost and sustainable adsorbent material, has recently attracted much research attention due to its broad application prospects. While BC has many merits, it has a lower HMs adsorption efficiency than traditional activated carbon, limiting its practical applications. Furthermore, the HMs retained by BC are difficult to be desorbed, making the used sorbent material hazardous wastes if not well disposed of under natural conditions. Therefore, it is critical to seek effective surface modifications for BC, to improve its ability to HMs removal ability and the recyclability of BC loaded with HMs. This review represents and evaluates the reported modification methods for BC, the corresponding HMs removal mechanisms and the potential for reutilization of BC loaded with HMs. This review provides a basis for the effective practical application of BC in the treatment of HMs containing wastewater.
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Biochar can be considered as a soil amendment that reduces the biotoxicity of pollutants.
“Biochar can be considered as a soil amendment that reduces the biotoxicity of pollutants (Cha et al. 2016;Li et al. 2017;Wang et al. 2019).”
From Biochar physicochemical properties: pyrolysis temperature and feedstock kind effects (2020) · cites this paper as Wang et al. 2019
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- Authors
- Wang, L., Wang, Y., Ma, F., Tankpa, V., Bai, S., Guo, X., & Wang, X.
- Affiliations
- Harbin Institute of Technology (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Li
- Venue
- Science of The Total Environment
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-06
- Volume
- 668
- Pages
- 1298-1309
- ISSN
- 0048-9697 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2919822858
- Cited by
- 493
- References
- 142
- Citations by year
- 2026: 44 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 75 · 2023: 64 · 2022: 74 · 2021: 89 · 2020: 75 · 2019: 16
- FWCI
- 3.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- The Science of The Total Environment (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (2018DX08)
- National Basic Research Program of China (2016YFC0401105)
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Coagulation and Flocculation Studies
- Keywords
- biochar, heavy metal removal, wastewater treatment, surface modification, adsorption mechanism, heavy metal desorption, low-cost adsorbent, sorbent recycling
- MeSH terms
- Adsorption, Charcoal, Surface Properties, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Water Purification, Metals, Heavy, Recycling, Wastewater
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