Dairy-Manure Derived Biochar Effectively Sorbs Lead and Atrazine
Abstract
Biochar (BC) produced from agricultural crop residues has proven effective in sorbing organic contaminants. This study evaluated the ability of dairy-manure derived biochar to sorb heavy metal Pb and organic contaminant atrazine. Two biochar samples were prepared by heating dairy manure at low temperature of 200 degrees C (BC200) and 350 degrees C (BC350). The untreated manure (BC25) and a commercial activated C (AC) were included as controls. Sorption of Pb by biochar followed a dual Langmuir-Langmuir model, attributing to Pb precipitation (84-87%) and surface sorption (13-16%). Chemical speciation, X-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy indicated that Pb was precipitated as beta-Pb9(PO4)6 in BC25 and BC200 treatment, and as Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 in BC350. Lead sorption by AC obeyed a single Langmuir model, attributing mainly to surface sorption probably via coordination of Pb d-electron to C==C (pi-electron) and --0--Pb bonds. The biochar was 6 times more effective in Pb sorption than AC, with BC200 being the most effective (up to 680 mmol Pb kg(-1)). The biochar also effectively sorbed atrazine where atrazine was partitioned into its organic phase, whereas atrazine uptake by AC occurred via surface sorption. When Pb and atrazine coexisted, little competition occurred between the two for sorption on biochar, while strong competition was observed on AC. Results from this study indicated that dairy manure can be converted into value-added biochar as effective sorbent for metal and/or organic contaminants.
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Minerals in feedstock can contribute to formation of active sites that enhance adsorption of heavy metals from wastewater.
“These minerals can contribute to the formation of active sites that enhance the adsorption of heavy metals from wastewater (Cao etal. 2009; Xu etal. 2013).”
From Mechanisms and adsorption capacities of biochar for the removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from industrial wastewater (2021) · cites this paper as Cao et al. 2009
These fractions can play different roles in the adsorption process.
“These fractions can play different roles in the adsorption process (Cao et al. 2009).”
From Biochar physicochemical properties: pyrolysis temperature and feedstock kind effects (2020) · cites this paper as Cao et al. 2009
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- Authors
- Cao, X., Ma, L., Gao, B., & Harris, W.
- Affiliations
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Cao, Xinde
- Venue
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2009-03-23
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 3285-3291
- ISSN
- 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5851
- OpenAlex
- W2058297462
- Cited by
- 1,251
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 50 · 2025: 54 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 94 · 2021: 99 · 2020: 116 · 2019: 105 · 2018: 103 · 2017: 125 · 2016: 74 · 2015: 72 · 2014: 75 · 2013: 55 · 2012: 45
- FWCI
- 34.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Environmental Science & Technology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
- Keywords
- biochar, dairy manure, lead sorption, atrazine, heavy metal contamination, organic contaminant sorption, lead phosphate precipitation, lead carbonate, activated carbon, agricultural waste valorization, sorbents
- MeSH terms
- Adsorption, Atrazine, Biodegradation, Environmental, Charcoal, Dairying, Environment, Kinetics, Lead, Manure, Chemical Precipitation, Regression Analysis, Temperature, X-Ray Diffraction, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
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