Cited by 19Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances researchToxic Organic Pollutants ImpactFluorine in Organic Chemistry

Concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in estuarine systems can vary greatly within tidal cycles

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Singh, Navneet, Paz-Ferreiro, Jorge, Askeland, Matthew P.J., Coggan, Timothy L., Jones, Oliver A.H.·2025·Science of The Total Environment

Abstract

Per and poly-fluoroalkyl substances are currently of concern due to their widespread occurrence, resistance to degradation and potential toxicity. Major efforts are underway worldwide to assess environmental concentrations of PFAS, but most monitoring is done at a single time point. Little consideration is given to how such concentrations might vary over time. In this study, the concentrations of 44 PFAS were measured hourly over 24 h (two tidal cycles) in three estuaries in Victoria, Australia. The most prevalent compound was PFHxS at a maximum concentration of 72.3 ng/L. Concentrations of ΣPFAS showed between four- and seven-fold differences during the 24-hour sampling period. Environmental measurements showed this was likely due to seawater diluting the concentration of PFAS in the estuary during tidal influxes. Randomly timed grab samples thus have a high risk of mischaracterising the true range of concentrations of PFAS in estuarine systems and/or underestimating the highest concentration present, which may result in an underestimation of risk to such systems.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179196

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Authors
Singh, N., Paz-Ferreiro, J., Askeland, M. P. J., Coggan, T. L., & Jones, O. A. H.
Affiliations
  • Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (AU)
  • Environment Protection Authority Victoria (AU)
Corresponding author
Jones, Oliver A.H.
Venue
Science of The Total Environment
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2025-04
Volume
974
Pages
179196
ISSN
0048-9697 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4408874477
Cited by
19
References
25
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 7
FWCI
5.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The Science of The Total Environment (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology
  • Environment Protection Authority Victoria
  • Defence Science Institute
  • State Government of Victoria
  • RMIT University
  • Defence Science and Technology Group
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
Keywords
per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, PFAS, estuaries, tidal cycles, temporal variation, seawater dilution, PFHxS, grab sample, environmental monitoring, Victoria, Australia, salinity, particulate matter, electrical conductivity

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