Associations of sleep duration on school nights with self-rated health, overweight, and depression symptoms in adolescents: problems and possible solutions
Abstract
Objective To investigate associations between sleep duration and health-related measures, and factors associated with short sleep, in adolescents in an East Asian society with strong emphasis on academic achievement. Methods Adolescents aged 13-19 years (n = 2346) from eight schools in Singapore (five local, three international) took part in a cross-sectional survey of sleep habits, school life, and health. Self-rated health, overweight (International Obesity Task Force Criteria), and depression symptoms were compared in adolescents with short (<7 h), moderately short (7 to <8 h), or an appropriate amount of sleep (8-10 h) on school nights. Results Short sleep on school nights was associated with poorer self-rated health, increased odds of being overweight (adjusted odds ratio [OR adj] = 2.56, 95% confidence interval = 1.39-4.70), and increased odds of feeling depression symptoms (sadness, irritability, worthlessness, low motivation, difficulty concentrating, anhedonia, anxiety, and thoughts of self-harm/suicide) compared with an appropriate sleep duration (OR adj = 2.10-4.33, p < 0.05 for each symptom). Barriers to healthy sleep included later preferred sleep timing (a relative indicator of later chronotype), lower parental supervision of bedtime, longer study time, early school start time, and longer travel time. Students at local schools were less likely to have a parent-set bedtime, and spent more time on homework/studying. Later bedtime in local schools attenuated the benefit of later school start time on nocturnal sleep duration. Conclusions Short sleep may contribute to poorer adolescent health and well-being. Strategies for improving sleep in hard-driving East Asian societies should take into account sociocultural factors that may impede removal of barriers to healthy sleep.
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These pressures may contribute to why adolescents in Asian countries go to bed later and sleep less than adolescents in Western cultures.
“These pressures may contribute to why adolescents in Asian countries go to bed later and sleep less than adolescents in Western cultures.8,22”
From Associations of time spent on homework or studying with nocturnal sleep behavior and depression symptoms in adolescents from Singapore (2020) · cites this paper as [8]
Long hours on homework/studying on school days may contribute indirectly to poorer mood by reducing nocturnal sleep duration.
“We provided evidence that long hours on homework/studying on school days may contribute indirectly to poorer mood by reducing nocturnal sleep duration.8”
From Associations of time spent on homework or studying with nocturnal sleep behavior and depression symptoms in adolescents from Singapore (2020) · cites this paper as [8]
Our study had several potential sources of selection bias related to the types of schools and students who agreed to take part.
“Our study also had several potential sources of selection bias related to the types of schools (e.g., our sample included high-performing schools) and students who agreed to take part in the research.8”
From Associations of time spent on homework or studying with nocturnal sleep behavior and depression symptoms in adolescents from Singapore (2020) · cites this paper as [8]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Yeo, S. C., Jos, A. M., Erwin, C., Lee, S. M., Lee, X. K., Lo, J. C., Chee, M. W. L., & Gooley, J. J.
- Affiliations
- National University of Singapore (SG)
- Corresponding author
- Gooley, Joshua J.
- Venue
- Sleep Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-08
- Volume
- 60
- Pages
- 96-108
- ISSN
- 1389-9457 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2903940771
- Cited by
- 135
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 14
- FWCI
- 16.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Sleep Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Research Foundation, Singapore (NRF/2015/SOL001-004, NRF/2016/SOL002-001)
- National Medical Research Council, Singapore (NMRC/StaR/015/2013)
- Far East Organization (unrestricted donation to the Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke-NUS Medical School)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- sleep duration, adolescents, self-rated health, overweight, depressive symptoms, short sleep duration, bedtime, chronotype, study time, school start time, travel time
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Schools, Singapore, Sleep, Students, Time Factors, Overweight, Diagnostic Self Evaluation
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