The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 1 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary.
Open accessAbstract
Consensus recommendations on sufficient sleep duration across the lifespan using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method.
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Claims the paper makes
39 Own result · 9 Own interpretation · 5 Own method · 5 No basis given · 1 No full text of the sources
- Probably not a substantial claim. 58
- It may state two separate claims as one. 5
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“infants between 12 and 15 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“7 to 8 hours of sleep for older adults”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“school-aged children between 9 and 11 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For teenagers, 8 to 10 hours was considered appropriate”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“preschoolers between 10 and 13 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“7 to 9 hours for young adults and adults”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“toddlers between 11 and 14 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The panel agreed that, for healthy individuals with normal sleep, the appropriate sleep duration for newborns is between 14 and 17 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Panelists performed the firstround vote independently.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A research assistant performed data entry, and a supervisor checked entries to ensure accuracy and completeness.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The RAND appropriateness method is a well-recognized technique for systematically analyzing experts' interpretations of extant research.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [1] 1. Fitch K, Bernstein SJ, Aquilar MD, et al. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method user's manual. Santa Monica, CA: The RAND Corporation; 2001.
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The recommendations reported here represent guidelines for healthy individuals and those not suffering from a sleep disorder.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sleep's restorative properties undoubtedly also depend on sleep quality, sleep architecture, and the timing of sleep within the day.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Importantly, the panel emphasized that some individuals might sleep longer or shorter than the recommended times with no adverse effects.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, individuals with sleep durations far outside the normal range may be engaging in volitional sleep restriction or have serious health problems.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These factors, however, are more difficult to estimate from cohort studies that use self-reported data.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This data disparity is particularly important when interpreting laboratory-based findings.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: Intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time typically produce shorter sleep durations.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sufficient sleep duration requirements vary across the lifespan and from person to person.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A systematic literature review was conducted by a nonvoting, independent review team led by John Herman, PhD, from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, with assistance from colleagues Chelsea Vaughn, PhD, and David Brown, PhD.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“An individual who intentionally restricts sleep over a prolonged period may be compromising his or her health and well-being.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Inclusion criteria were (a) normal, nondisordered population; (b) published in a peer-reviewed journal; (c) human subjects; and (d) English language.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed, which biases data toward higher sleep duration estimates.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: Actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A project team member followed up with panelists to resolve missing or discrepant scores.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
Actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed.
“actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed”
The paper relies on this without support.
Sleep is a vital part of physical, cognitive, and emotional health.
“Sleep, like diet and exercise, is a vital part of physical, cognitive, and emotional health.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The literature, especially cohort and population studies, often do not distinguish between time in bed and actual sleep time.
“The literature, especially cohort and population studies, often do not distinguish between time in bed and actual sleep time.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time typically produce shorter sleep durations.
“intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time will typically produce shorter sleep durations”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“Nonetheless, even if one conservatively assumes that the average increase in actual nightly sleep was 67 min relative to what we observed in our student samples using wrist actigraphy, it still means that 62% of students in these samples were still getting less than 8 h of total nightly sleep, the minimum recommendation for young adult nightly sleep (26).”
From Nightly sleep duration predicts grade point average in the first year of college (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Current sleep recommendations outline the need for healthy adults to achieve seven to nine h of sleep per night [2].”
From The effect of caffeine on subsequent sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [2]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The recommended total sleep for children aged 6- to 13-years-old is 9–11 hours, whereas the recommended sleep for adolescents aged 14–17 is approximately 8–10 hours.15”
From Middle school start times and young adolescent sleep, behavioral health, and academic performance outcomes: a narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The recommended total sleep for children aged 6- to 13-years-old is 9–11 hours, whereas the recommended sleep for adolescents aged 14–17 is approximately 8–10 hours.15”
From Middle school start times and young adolescent sleep, behavioral health, and academic performance outcomes: a narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Sleep medicine guidelines indicate that adolescents should be getting 8 to 10 h of nightly sleep (26), but first-year college students in the present samples slept on average 6 h and 37 min each night (SD = 51 min).”
From Nightly sleep duration predicts grade point average in the first year of college (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“current recommendations suggest that adolescents require 8-10 h of sleep to function optimally [3,4].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Early school start times during the academic year are in direct conflict with the biologically driven circadian shift towards later bedtimes and later wake-up times among adolescents, directly constraining their opportunity for sufficient sleep duration [3,4].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Other important developmental changes occur as well, such as an increased need for sleep (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
From Health lifestyles across the transition to adulthood: implications for health (2017) · cites this paper as Hirshkowitz et al., 2015
In the citing paper
“Guidelines from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society state that regularly sleeping fewer than 7 h per night is associated with a higher risk of weight gain and other adverse health outcomes [116].”
From Dietary and Behavioral Strategies for Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance: A Narrative Review (2025) · cites this paper as [116]
In the citing paper
“For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration and quality; particularly for athletes whose physical and mental recovery needs may be greater due to the high physiological and psychological demands placed on them during training and competition.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Sleep disturbances and short sleep duration are behavioural risk factors for inflammation, associated with increased risk of illness and disease, which can be modified to promote sleep health.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Similar to nutrition, sleep disturbances (difficulty initiating or maintain sleep) and sleep deprivation (not getting enough sleep) are risk factors for inflammation [18,42], which can be treated or managed to promote recovery and/or performance.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration which is dependent on age [28,42].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Sleep recommendations particularly the amount of sleep required, change over the lifespan from adolescents (8–10 h), adults (7–9 h), and older adults (7–8 h) [42].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“Divergent opinion among panelists was defined as more than 20% (ie, 3 of 18 panel members) voting outside any 3-point range (ie, 1-3, 4-6, or 7-9) of the median.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Results
Reported 20 · recomputed 16.666667
Citations
Cites
Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't
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Sorted by citations
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Yan, J., Bai, H., Sun, Y., Sun, X., Hu, Z., Liu, B., He, C. G., & Zhang, X. (2024) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci14070706 · Cited by 3
Moussa-Chamari, I., Romdhani, M., Farooq, A., Trabelsi, K., Yousfi, N., Kamoun, K., Ahmadian, A., Al-Marri, S. S., Chamari, K., & Hüe, O. (2024) · Sleep Science · doi:10.1055/s-0044-1788288 · Cited by 5
“39 This may adversely affect mental health, physical performance, and academic achievement.”
Association between sleep duration and cardiovascular risk: the EVasCu cross-sectional study
Martínez‐García, I., Saz‐Lara, A., Cavero‐Redondo, I., Otero-Luis, I., Gómez‐Guijarro, M. D., Moreno-Herráiz, N., López-López, S., & Pascual‐Morena, C. (2024) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2024.1430821 · Cited by 3
Wang, K., Ji, J., Zhang, H., Sun, Z., Shao, Q., Xu, W., Wang, Q., Wang, X., & Cheng, F. (2024) · Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107918 · Cited by 3
Tsiga-Ahmed, F. I., Sulaiman, S. K., Musa, M. S., Hussein, A., Ahmad, S. I., Jalo, R. I., Faris, M. E., BaHammam, A. S., Javaid, S. F., & Khan, M. A. (2024) · Journal of Education and Health Promotion · doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1579_23 · Cited by 3
“[20] The sleep pattern is typically distorted during Ramadan, with individuals waking up to eat before dawn and or performing some religious rites.”
BackgroundLi, S., Fong, D. Y., Wang, Y.-Z., Lin, Z., Shang, X.-C., & Gong, W. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-024-19936-2 · Cited by 3
“Eight to ten hours of sleep duration is recommended for teenagers to obtain optimal health [34].”
BackgroundSheng, M., Young, K. J., Li, Y., Zhang, Y., Wang, J., & Jiang, S. (2024) · Journal of Global Health · doi:10.7189/jogh.14.04193 · Cited by 5
“This classification was based on the profile study by Hirshkowitz and colleagues [40] which suggested it as the recommended amount of sleep for older adults.”
MethodA routine within a routine: Can bedtime yoga improve sleep for the whole family?
Cea, L. M., Brooks, C., Whipps, J., Wilkins, B., & Guseman, E. H. (2024) · Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies · doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.09.007 · Cited by 3
New Insights into Health Conditions Related to Malfunctions in Clock Genes
Majewska, K., Seremak, M., Podhorodecka, K., Derkaczew, M., Kędziora, B., Boniecka, P., Zglejc‐Waszak, K., Korytko, A., Pawłowicz, M., & Wojtkiewicz, J. (2024) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom14101282 · Cited by 3
Hasan, G. A., Al‐Obaidi, A. D., Hashim, H. T., Al‐Obaidi, M. N., Al-Saady, Y. A., Othman, A., Khunda, S. S., Saab, O. N., Al-Obaidi, H. O., & Merza, N. (2024) · Clinical Medicine Insights Endocrinology and Diabetes · doi:10.1177/11795514241300995 · Cited by 3
“20 3.”
de Andrade, M. J. O. (2024) · Research Directions Sleep Psychology · doi:10.1017/slp.2024.3 · Cited by 3
Rahman, S. A., Poort, H., Schrag, D., Tung, S. C., Zhou, E. S., Wiley, A., Finkelstein, L. B., Elguenaoui, E., Nolan, M., Mayer, E. L., et al. (2024) · The Oncologist · doi:10.1093/oncolo/oyae316 · Cited by 4
“21,22 Sleep efficiency and patient-reported physical activity (total MET minutes per week) were categorized into tertiles based on the distribution.”
Li, J., Lin, Y., Yang, Z., Heinrich, J., Zhao, T., Yu, Z., Wang, W., Yang, K., Shen, P., Lin, H., et al. (2025) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2025.120767 · Cited by 4
Sleep, Pain Catastrophizing, and Pain Intensity in Treatment Seeking Adults With Opioid Use Disorder
Ault, A., Wilkerson, A. K., McCauley, J. L., Muzzy, W. A., Mappin, G. M., Yonce, S. S., Barth, K. S., Brady, K. T., George, M. S., Wedin, S., et al. (2024) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0000000000001264 · Cited by 4
“31 Second, given the variability in the optimal hours of sleep across individuals, 33 TST may not accurately re fl ect actual sleep disturbance.”
Kerkeni, M., Kerkeni, M., Ammar, A., Aziz, A. R., Jallouli, A., AlSaleh, A. F. F., Husain, W., Ghazzawi, H., Moalla, W., Chtourou, H., et al. (2025) · Nutrition and Health · doi:10.1177/02601060241311385 · Cited by 3
“It should be noted that all three groups averaged approximately 6 hours of sleep daily before the intervention, which is signi fi cantly less than the recommended 9 to 11 hours for children (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
Pires, R. C., Martins, H. X., Barbosa, M. C. R., & Molina, M. D. C. B. (2025) · Revista Paulista de Pediatria · doi:10.1590/1984-0462/2025/43/2024105 · Cited by 4
Philippe, K., Douglass, A., McAuliffe, F. M., & Phillips, C. M. (2025) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjhp.12776 · Cited by 3
“…week (American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 2020), which equals 500 MET-minutes or more per week (2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee, 2018), sleep 7–9 h per night (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015), and not smoke or consume alcohol during pregnancy (Koletzko et al., 2014).”
Uchiyama, K., Peeling, P., Halson, S. L., Reid, M. M., Wallman, K. E., Walsh, J. H., Russell, S., Thomas, S., & Girard, O. (2025) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2024-0328 · Cited by 5
Kauffeldt, K. D., Latimer‐Cheung, A. E., Faulkner, G., Brouwers, M. C., Jones, R. A. P., Lane, K. N., Weston, Z. J., Morgan, T. L., Varkul, O., & Tomasone, J. R. (2025) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2024-0348 · Cited by 4
Styles, S. E., Haszard, J. J., Rose, S., Galland, B. C., Wiltshire, E. J., de Bock, M. I., Ketu-McKenzie, M., Campbell, A., Rayns, J. A., Thomson, R., et al. (2025) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2025.107864 · Cited by 3
Yang, Y., Yang, C., Guo, C., & Mu, L. (2025) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115513 · Cited by 3
Bloch, M., Cordovil, R., Rodrigues, L., Martins, C., Braga, M. L., Vale, S., Proença, R., Brito, J., Guilherme, J., Neto, C., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2025.1541862 · Cited by 7
Tang, D., Long, C., Wei, Y., & Tang, S. (2025) · Journal of Global Health · doi:10.7189/jogh.15.04059 · Cited by 3
Perceived recovery-stress states and sleep in pre- and post-menarche elite youth swimmers
Kullik, L., Kiel, A., Kellmann, M., & Jakowski, S. (2025) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2025.2481451 · Cited by 3
“…insights into subjective sleep patterns, the objective actigraphy data complement these findings by revealing that all athletes met the recommendations for sleep onset latency (SOL), with values under 30 min considered beneficial for sleep quality and general health (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
Effects of dietary fermented blueberry leaf tea on sleep: a randomized double-blind controlled trial
Shoji, K., Kitajima, Y., Yuasa, T., & Hirakawa, Y. (2025) · Food & Function · doi:10.1039/d4fo05341a · Cited by 3
Influence of sleep and cardiovascular health on cognitive trajectories in older adults
Maybrier, H. R., Jackson, J. J., Toedebusch, C. D., Lucey, B. P., & Head, D. M. (2025) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2025.04.008 · Cited by 2
Rea, E. M., Bohnert, A. M., & Crowley, S. J. (2025) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2025.03.003 · Cited by 4
Fitton, J., Lechat, B., Reynolds, A. C., Toson, B., Manners, J., Nguyen, D. P., Loffler, K. A., Altree, T. J., CATCHESIDE, P. G., & Eckert, D. J. (2025) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.70395 · Cited by 4
“Yet, athletes frequently sleep less than the National Sleep Foundation's recommended 7–9 h per night (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015; Sargent, Halson, & Roach, 2014; Walsh et al., 2021).”
Tang, C., Meredith-Jones, K., Haszard, J. J., Signal, T. L., Wickham, S.-R., Muller, D., Taylor, R. W., & Galland, B. C. (2025) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2025.106605 · Cited by 3
Palazuelos‐González, R., Voshaar, R. C. O., Smidt, N., & Liefbroer, A. C. (2025) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100619 · Cited by 5
Ewart, C., Egan, K. J., Henderson, M., McCrory, S., & Fleming, L. (2025) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2025.2529856 · Cited by 5
“National UK guidelines recommend adolescents achieve 8–10 hours of sleep each night for optimal daytime functioning (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
Lima, R. B. D. S., & Barbosa, L. P. (2025) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2025.106718 · Cited by 3
Liao, T., Gan, Y., Liu, L., Du, Y., Li, G., & Guo, M. (2025) · The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · doi:10.1097/jcn.0000000000001248 · Cited by 3
Association of Income Inequality and Sleep Duration With Cardiovascular Outcomes in China and the UK
Li, C., Hua, G., Wang, Y., He, X. M., Jiao, J., Yang, X., Yu, H., & Liu, L. (2025) · JACC Asia · doi:10.1016/j.jacasi.2025.06.013 · Cited by 3
Almeida, I. M., Kessler, R., Murillo, G., & Slavish, D. C. (2025) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-025-00593-8 · Cited by 3
“Following the National Sleep Foundation’s recommendations (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015), sleep duration was categorized as short (< 7 h), optimal (7–9 h), or long (> 9 h). n Y e a r = 2 0 1 1.”
Alasimi, A. H., Brandenberger, K. J., Zimmerman, R. D., & Shan, S. H. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-20264-7 · Cited by 4
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Understanding time use via data mining: A clustering-based framework
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Irritable bowel syndrome in view of the rome IV criteria (2016)
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Lee, S., & Park, J. H. (2019) · Family and Environment Research · doi:10.6115/fer.2019.020
Sleep Duration and Cognitive Health
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Self-citationSleep duration and cardiovascular risk: results of the large-scale epidemiology study ESSE-RF
Викторович, Б. М., Коростовцева, Л. С., Медведева, Е. А., Rotar, O., Sviryaev, Y. V., Zhernakova, Y. V., Shalnova, S. A., Конради, А. О., Chazova, I. E., Boytsov, S. A., et al. (2019) · Arterial Hypertension · doi:10.5603/ah.a2019.0017 · Cited by 3
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When Your Patient Is a Farm Family: Challenges Farm Wives Perceive in Promoting Farm Family Health
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“18 (50) 18 (50) Classe D-E 26 (72,2) 10 (27,8)”
InfluentialRelationship between work context and sleep problems of high school teachers
de Azevedo, Á. C. B., Lopes, X. D. F. D. M., de Lima, J. R., et al. (2021) · Research Society and Development · doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16195 · Cited by 3
Lee, Y. J., Lee, J., & Kim, M. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18158122 · Cited by 3
“The National Sleep Foundation (NSF) [33] recommends a sleep duration of 8–10 h each night for adolescents.”
BackgroundInfluentialA-SMART Lifestyle Behaviors Model for health, wellbeing, and immune system enhancement
Downes, L. S., Hill, H. S., & Mays, T. (2021) · The Nurse Practitioner · doi:10.1097/01.npr.0000769748.45938.10 · Cited by 3
Factors related to Quality of Life among Older Women in South Korea: The Impact of Residential Areas
Yi, J. (2021) · Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing · doi:10.17079/jkgn.2021.23.3.285 · Cited by 3
SONOLÊNCIA E FADIGA EM TRABALHADORES DIURNOS E NOTURNOS
Reinhardt, É. L., & Fischer, F. M. (2021) · Trabalho & Educação · doi:10.35699/2238-037x.2021.24904 · Cited by 4
Biswas, S., Saha, B., Halder, I., et al. (2021) · Asian Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.3126/ajms.v12i10.38354 · Cited by 3
Bertschy, M., Howard, J. T., Oyama, S., Zhang, T., & Cheever, K. (2021) · Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part P Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology · doi:10.1177/17543371211049066 · Cited by 3
Muller, D., Santos–Fernández, E., McCarthy, J., Carr, H., & Signal, T. L. (2022) · SLEEP Advances · doi:10.1093/sleepadvances/zpac002 · Cited by 3
“However, as current sleep duration guidelines are based largely on evidence using parent-report [37] the subjective sleep duration variables used in this study are considered appropriate.”
BackgroundThe association between low-carbohydrate diet score and sleep duration among Iranian adults
Sangouni, A. A., Vasmehjani, A. A., Mohammadi, M., Nadjarzadeh, A., Ferns, G. A., Mirzaei, M., & Khayyatzadeh, S. S. (2022) · Sleep and Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1007/s41105-022-00372-x · Cited by 2
“than 5 h as short sleep duration, between 5–8 h as normal sleep duration, and more than 8 h as long sleep duration [33, 34].”
BackgroundUricaemia and associated health determinants in a paediatric population in Mexico
Lares-Villaseñor, E., Salazar-García, S., Cossío-Torres, P. E., et al. (2022) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2022.02.010 · Cited by 3
Nishimura, R., MENRAI, K., Kajihara, M., & Asaoka, S. (2022) · Industrial Health · doi:10.2486/indhealth.2021-0260 · Cited by 4
Hubungan Kadar 25-Hidroksivitamin D Serum dengan Latensi Tidur pada Perempuan Remaja Akhir
Silvia, E., Nasrul, E., & Ilmiawati, C. (2019) · Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas · doi:10.25077/jka.v8.i1.p124-130.2019 · Cited by 3
Wenze, S. J., & Charles, T. K. (2022) · Teaching of psychology · doi:10.1177/00986283221103473 · Cited by 2
“This clash is a major factor leading most adolescents to get less than the medically recommended 8 – 10 hours of sleep per night (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
BackgroundThe Effects of Hormonal Contraceptive Use on Sleep Patterns in Women of Reproductive Age
Whitney, M. A., Schultz, D. N., Huber, L. R. B., Finke, A., Fitzgerald, A., & Hyde, A. (2022) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2022.07.006 · Cited by 4
Validity of an algorithm for determining sleep/wake states using FS-760 in school-aged children
Enomoto, M., Kitamura, S., & Nakazaki, K. (2022) · Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY · doi:10.1186/s40101-022-00303-2 · Cited by 3
“Since children are characterized by weaker motor inhibition in REM sleep [14] and greater sleep need [15, 16], sleep stage-dependent activity, sleep efficiency, and other age-dependent factors may also be involved.”
BackgroundAdvising Sleep Deprived Students to Take Online Classes
Fendler, R. J., & Ruff, C. K. (2022) · Online Learning · doi:10.24059/olj.v26i3.2797 · Cited by 3
“5 hours per night; the National Sleep Foundation recommends that young adults ages 18 to 25 should get 7 to 9 hours of sleep per night (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
BackgroundInfluentialSleep deprivation and post-purchase regret: Evidence from a large-scale individual-level data
Shiyang, G. O. N. G., ZHANG, Y., & Yuetao, G. A. O. (2022) · Acta Psychologica Sinica · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1041.2023.00286 · Cited by 3
Lee, J., Oh, K.-T., Min, J., et al. (2022) · Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly · doi:10.1123/apaq.2022-0049 · Cited by 3
CONNECTIONS BETWEEN BODY IMAGE AND ADOLESCENTS’ HEALTH, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL VARIABLES
Argüelles, D. F., Fernández‐Río, J., & Estrada, J. A. C. (2022) · Journal of Sport and Health Research · doi:10.58727/jshr.89470 · Cited by 5
Determinants of Daytime Sleepiness Among Middle-Aged Adults
Liu, X.-Y., Commodore-Mensah, Y., Himmelfarb, C., Li, J.-X., Stoner, L., Shahane, A., & Logan, J. G. (2023) · Clinical Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/10547738231156148 · Cited by 3
“Our participants slept an average of 6.6 hours per night, which is less than the sleep duration (7−9 hours) per night recommended by the National Sleep Foundation for healthy adults (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
BackgroundInfluentialSleep duration, hypnotic drug use, and risk factors: cross- sectional study
Jalali, N., Khalili, P., Jamali, Z., Jalali, Z., Ahmadi, A. M., Vakilian, A., & Ayoobi, F. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-30501-6 · Cited by 3
Derbyshire, E. J., Bond, T., & Ellis, J. (2023) · Nutrition and Food Technology Open Access · doi:10.16966/2470-6086.182 · Cited by 3
Strasburg, V. J., Bassanesi, F. D. V., & Silveira, A. C. J. L. (2022) · Interfaces Científicas - Saúde e Ambiente · doi:10.17564/2316-3798.2022v9n1p273-289 · Cited by 3
Andhi, N., Syed, A. N., & Saffura, A. (2022) · Annals of Indian Psychiatry · doi:10.4103/aip.aip_107_21 · Cited by 3
A point system to predict the future risk of obesity in 10-year-old children
Sonoda, R., Tokiya, M., Touri, K., Tanomura, Y., Yada, K., Funakoshi, Y., & Saito, I. (2023) · Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1265/ehpm.22-00270 · Cited by 4
“The classification of overweight is not yet defined in the guidelines for childhood obesity in Japan [19].”
BackgroundBabinski, M., Duperval, R., Altenor, K., & Oettingen, J. E. V. (2023) · Pediatric Diabetes · doi:10.1155/2023/4289288 · Cited by 4
“In terms of sleep, the National Sleep Foundation recommends that teenagers get 8 to 10 hours of sleep per night, and young adults and adults get 7 to 9 hours [12].”
Malheiros, L. E. A., da Costa, B. G. G., Lopes, M. V., da Costa, R. M., Chaput, J., & da Silva, K. S. (2023) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2023.2207699 · Cited by 5
“Given the strong relationship between sleep duration and health outcomes, public health guidelines have been developed to inform the population about recommended sleep durations across the lifespan (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015; Tremblay et al., 2016).”
BackgroundSpeth, T. A., Rusak, B., Perrot, T. S., Côté, K. A., & Corkum, P. V. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13050772 · Cited by 3
“43 h for children with ADHD [2]), future studies may wish to examine the impact of the same degree of sleep restriction relative to a control period with a longer imposed sleep opportunity (rather than basing TIB during the Restricted condition off of participants’ typical sleep schedules).”
BackgroundPerceived Neighborhood Characteristics and Sleep in Australian Adults
Edmed, S. L., Huda, M. M., Pattinson, C. L., Rossa, K. R., & Smith, S. S. (2023) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/10901981231177687 · Cited by 3
“From the HILDA sleep items, we derived three outcome variables (see Table 1), with reference to the age-based National Sleep Foundation guidelines for the sleep duration outcome (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015; see Supplemental Table B).”
MethodInfluentialRahja, M., Laver, K., Mordaunt, D., Adnan, N., Vakulin, A., Lovato, N., & Crotty, M. (2023) · Archives of Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Translation · doi:10.1016/j.arrct.2023.100275 · Cited by 3
“A healthy amount of sleep (7-9 hours) is critical for wellbeing.(1,2) However, sleep is often disturbed in hospital settings.”
BackgroundHabitual Physical Activity of People with or at Risk of Diabetes-Related Foot Complications
Perrin, B., Diacogiorgis, D., Sullivan, C. J., Gerrard, J. M., Skinner, I., Skinner, T. C., Nawaratne, R., Alahakoon, D., & Kingsley, M. (2023) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s23135822 · Cited by 3
“Recommended sleep duration for adults up to 64 years is 7–9 h per day, and for those over 64 years is 7–8 h per day [48].”
BackgroundNon-School Day Catch-Up Sleep among Pupils in Japan
Kohyama, J. (2023) · Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science · doi:10.4236/jbbs.2023.136008 · Cited by 3
Patel, S. I., Erwin, M. R., Olmstead, R., Jean‐Louis, G., Parthasarathy, S., & Youngstedt, S. D. (2023) · Sleep Science · doi:10.1055/s-0043-1770804 · Cited by 3
Development of evening sleep homeostatic pressure in early adolescent boys
Reynolds, C. M., Short, M. A., Kahn, M., Richardson, C. E., Heath, M., Whittall, H., Lack, L. C., & Gradisar, M. (2023) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2023.07.019 · Cited by 3
Sleep duration as a mediator of the effects of risk factors for substance use
Hargrove, E., Stults, B. J., Hay, C., & Meldrum, R. C. (2023) · Journal of Criminal Justice · doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2023.102102 · Cited by 4
Beniermann, A., Glos, M., Schumacher, H., Fietze, I., Völker, S., & zu Belzen, A. U. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su151612217 · Cited by 5
Subjective versus objective sleep in men with Klinefelter syndrome
Fjermestad, K. W., Finnbakk, R. R., Solbakk, A., Gravholt, C. H., & Huster, R. J. (2023) · Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases · doi:10.1186/s13023-023-02822-2 · Cited by 6
Sleep Hygiene, Daytime Sleepiness, and Coping Mechanisms Amongst US Adults
Yared, L., Rodrigues, K., Mangal, R. K., Stead, T. S., & Ganti, L. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.45608 · Cited by 4
Vizentin, N. P., Giannini, D. T., Takey, M., & Kuschnir, M. C. C. (2023) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2023.112233 · Cited by 3
Bruno, E., Mulè, A., Galasso, L., Castelli, L., Baldassari, I., Oliverio, A., Venturelli, E., Berrino, F., Montaruli, A., Roveda, E., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1240762 · Cited by 4
“In total, 29.3% of the population had a sleep efficiency higher than 85%, 15.8% showed an actual sleep time higher than 7 h, while 72.9% showed a sleep latency lower than 30 min [(cutoff value recommended by the National Sleep Foundation (43, 44)].”
BackgroundInfluentialResearch Progress on the Relationship between Mental Health and Sleep Disorders
lei, S. (2023) · Pacific International Journal · doi:10.55014/pij.v6i3.380 · Cited by 2
Dartora, W. J., Schmidt, M. I., Griep, R. H., et al. (2023) · COVID · doi:10.3390/covid3100109 · Cited by 3
Verbakel, I., Kheir, G. B., Bliwise, D. L., Vogelaers, D., Hervé, F., Weiss, J. P., Mariman, A., & Everaert, K. (2023) · Minerva Urology and Nephrology · doi:10.23736/s2724-6051.23.05384-3 · Cited by 3
Matsui, K., Chung, F. F., Bjelajac, A. K., Merikanto, I., Korman, M., Mota-Rolim, S. A., Cunha, A. S., Bjorvatn, B., Xue, P., Benedict, C., et al. (2023) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-023-17258-3 · Cited by 3
“Taking into consideration that appropriate sleep duration varies with age [30], we conducted a sensitivity analysis using the National Sleep Foundation’s recommendations as the cutoff duration [31].”
MethodDifferences in nutritional profile by chronotype among 12-h day shift and night shift nurses
Faulkner, R., Rangel, T. L., Penders, R. A., Saul, T., Bindler, R. J., Miller, L., & Wilson, M. (2023) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2023.2294036 · Cited by 3
“International recommendations suggest that adults should sleep between 7 and 9 h per night (Hirshkowitz et al. 2015), indicating that M-type nurses may need support for appropriate sleep quantity.”
BackgroundExercise testing for young athletes
Fitzgerald, H., Fitzgerald, D. A., & Selvadurai, H. C. (2023) · Paediatric Respiratory Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2023.12.002 · Cited by 4
PENGARUH STRES AKADEMIK TERHADAP KUALITAS TIDUR PADA MAHASISWA TINGKAT AKHIR
Ramadita, A. M., Harsanti, I., & Harmoni, A. (2023) · doi:10.35760/arjwa.2023.v2i4.9620 · Cited by 3
Badon, S. E., Ferrara, A. M., Gabriel, K. P., Dooley, E. E., Quesenberry, C. P., Avalos, L. A., & Hedderson, M. M. (2024) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.23971 · Cited by 3
“…(33.4% sleep, 37.3% sedentary behavior, 26.6% LPA, 2.7% MVPA), which had guideline-recommended MVPA ( ≥ 30 min/day) [30] and sleep (7 – 9 h) [31]; a 24-h movement profile with low MVPA (profile with the minimum amount of MVPA in our data: 33.3% sleep, 43.3% sedentary behavior, 22.9% LPA,…”
BackgroundInfluentialVirtual first: implementation of a novel sleep telehealth platform in the United States military
Wickwire, E. M., Collen, J. F., Capaldi, V. F., Assefa, S. Z., Jones, R. L., Williams, S. G., Thomas, C. L., Williams, D. C., & Albrecht, J. S. (2024) · Frontiers in Sleep · doi:10.3389/frsle.2024.1304743 · Cited by 3
Hussain, A., Mohammad, A., Tharsis, A., Badakere, A., & Agarkar, S. (2024) · European Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1177/11206721241231335 · Cited by 4
“When sleep duration shorter than nine hours is taken into account (as recommended by National Sleep Foundation), 45 our study showed signi fi cant variations in sleep duration across the groups on weekdays, with myopia (68.2”
InfluentialPatterns in behavioural sleep variables and social jetlag in elderly people of Western Odisha
Minz, S., Pati, A. K., Mohapatra, M., Pati, U. C., Sahu, P., Acharya, P. K., Kumari, R. B., & Satpathy, R. (2024) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2024.2315216 · Cited by 3
“This result is very close to the recommended sleep length for older adults by the National Sleep Foundation (Hirshkowitz et al. 2015).”
Result
Metadata
- Authors
- Hirshkowitz, M., Whiton, K., Albert, S. M., Alessi, C., Bruni, O., DonCarlos, L., Hazen, N., Herman, J., Katz, E. S., Kheirandish-Gozal, L., Neubauer, D. N., O’Donnell, A. E., Ohayon, M., Peever, J., Rawding, R., Sachdeva, R. C., Setters, B., Vitiello, M. V., Ware, J. C., & Adams Hillard, P. J.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- National Sleep Foundation (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Loyola University Chicago (US)
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Georgetown University Medical Center (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Gannon University (US)
- American Academy of Pediatrics (US)
- University of Louisville (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Eastern Virginia Medical School (US)
- Corresponding author
- Whiton, Kaitlyn
- ORCID
- Venue
- Sleep Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-03
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 40-43
- ISSN
- 2352-7218 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2088948024
- Semantic Scholar
- 4e3e4c046d6e7145de63397f3a9872f2506375b8
- Cited by
- 4,404
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 396 · 2025: 539 · 2024: 506 · 2023: 502 · 2022: 539 · 2021: 497 · 2020: 392 · 2019: 352 · 2018: 283 · 2017: 184 · 2016: 160 · 2015: 47
- FWCI
- 338.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Sleep Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Thoracic Society
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method, sleep disorders
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