The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 1 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary.
Open accessAbstract
Consensus recommendations on sufficient sleep duration across the lifespan using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method.
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Claims the paper makes
39 Own result · 9 Own interpretation · 5 Own method · 5 No basis given · 1 No full text of the sources
- Probably not a substantial claim. 58
- It may state two separate claims as one. 5
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“infants between 12 and 15 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“7 to 8 hours of sleep for older adults”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“school-aged children between 9 and 11 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For teenagers, 8 to 10 hours was considered appropriate”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“preschoolers between 10 and 13 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“7 to 9 hours for young adults and adults”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“toddlers between 11 and 14 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The panel agreed that, for healthy individuals with normal sleep, the appropriate sleep duration for newborns is between 14 and 17 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Panelists performed the firstround vote independently.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A research assistant performed data entry, and a supervisor checked entries to ensure accuracy and completeness.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The RAND appropriateness method is a well-recognized technique for systematically analyzing experts' interpretations of extant research.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [1] 1. Fitch K, Bernstein SJ, Aquilar MD, et al. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method user's manual. Santa Monica, CA: The RAND Corporation; 2001.
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The recommendations reported here represent guidelines for healthy individuals and those not suffering from a sleep disorder.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sleep's restorative properties undoubtedly also depend on sleep quality, sleep architecture, and the timing of sleep within the day.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Importantly, the panel emphasized that some individuals might sleep longer or shorter than the recommended times with no adverse effects.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, individuals with sleep durations far outside the normal range may be engaging in volitional sleep restriction or have serious health problems.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These factors, however, are more difficult to estimate from cohort studies that use self-reported data.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This data disparity is particularly important when interpreting laboratory-based findings.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: Intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time typically produce shorter sleep durations.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sufficient sleep duration requirements vary across the lifespan and from person to person.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A systematic literature review was conducted by a nonvoting, independent review team led by John Herman, PhD, from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, with assistance from colleagues Chelsea Vaughn, PhD, and David Brown, PhD.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“An individual who intentionally restricts sleep over a prolonged period may be compromising his or her health and well-being.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Inclusion criteria were (a) normal, nondisordered population; (b) published in a peer-reviewed journal; (c) human subjects; and (d) English language.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed, which biases data toward higher sleep duration estimates.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: Actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A project team member followed up with panelists to resolve missing or discrepant scores.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
Actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed.
“actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed”
The paper relies on this without support.
Sleep is a vital part of physical, cognitive, and emotional health.
“Sleep, like diet and exercise, is a vital part of physical, cognitive, and emotional health.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The literature, especially cohort and population studies, often do not distinguish between time in bed and actual sleep time.
“The literature, especially cohort and population studies, often do not distinguish between time in bed and actual sleep time.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time typically produce shorter sleep durations.
“intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time will typically produce shorter sleep durations”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“Nonetheless, even if one conservatively assumes that the average increase in actual nightly sleep was 67 min relative to what we observed in our student samples using wrist actigraphy, it still means that 62% of students in these samples were still getting less than 8 h of total nightly sleep, the minimum recommendation for young adult nightly sleep (26).”
From Nightly sleep duration predicts grade point average in the first year of college (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Current sleep recommendations outline the need for healthy adults to achieve seven to nine h of sleep per night [2].”
From The effect of caffeine on subsequent sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [2]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The recommended total sleep for children aged 6- to 13-years-old is 9–11 hours, whereas the recommended sleep for adolescents aged 14–17 is approximately 8–10 hours.15”
From Middle school start times and young adolescent sleep, behavioral health, and academic performance outcomes: a narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The recommended total sleep for children aged 6- to 13-years-old is 9–11 hours, whereas the recommended sleep for adolescents aged 14–17 is approximately 8–10 hours.15”
From Middle school start times and young adolescent sleep, behavioral health, and academic performance outcomes: a narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Sleep medicine guidelines indicate that adolescents should be getting 8 to 10 h of nightly sleep (26), but first-year college students in the present samples slept on average 6 h and 37 min each night (SD = 51 min).”
From Nightly sleep duration predicts grade point average in the first year of college (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“current recommendations suggest that adolescents require 8-10 h of sleep to function optimally [3,4].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Early school start times during the academic year are in direct conflict with the biologically driven circadian shift towards later bedtimes and later wake-up times among adolescents, directly constraining their opportunity for sufficient sleep duration [3,4].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Other important developmental changes occur as well, such as an increased need for sleep (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
From Health lifestyles across the transition to adulthood: implications for health (2017) · cites this paper as Hirshkowitz et al., 2015
In the citing paper
“Guidelines from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society state that regularly sleeping fewer than 7 h per night is associated with a higher risk of weight gain and other adverse health outcomes [116].”
From Dietary and Behavioral Strategies for Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance: A Narrative Review (2025) · cites this paper as [116]
In the citing paper
“For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration and quality; particularly for athletes whose physical and mental recovery needs may be greater due to the high physiological and psychological demands placed on them during training and competition.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Sleep disturbances and short sleep duration are behavioural risk factors for inflammation, associated with increased risk of illness and disease, which can be modified to promote sleep health.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Similar to nutrition, sleep disturbances (difficulty initiating or maintain sleep) and sleep deprivation (not getting enough sleep) are risk factors for inflammation [18,42], which can be treated or managed to promote recovery and/or performance.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration which is dependent on age [28,42].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Sleep recommendations particularly the amount of sleep required, change over the lifespan from adolescents (8–10 h), adults (7–9 h), and older adults (7–8 h) [42].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“Divergent opinion among panelists was defined as more than 20% (ie, 3 of 18 panel members) voting outside any 3-point range (ie, 1-3, 4-6, or 7-9) of the median.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Results
Reported 20 · recomputed 16.666667
Citations
Cites
Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't
Sackett, D. L., Rosenberg, W. M. C., Gray, J. A. M., Haynes, R. B., & Richardson, W. S. (1996) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.312.7023.71 · Cited by 15,769
Yeh, M. (2014) · Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/jnr.0000000000000065 · Cited by 3,836
(2001) · Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) · Cited by 2,158
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 2,301–2,400 of 4,366
Sehwail, M., Pérez-Sales, P., Rasras, K. M. A., Sehwail, W., Guasch, A., & Galan, A. (2019) · Torture Journal · doi:10.7146/torture.v29i2.115381 · Cited by 5
“variability in individual needs (from 6 to 9 hours for adults, depending on age), an International Consensus agrees that a healthy normal sleep pattern should include a minimum of 7 hours of daily continuous sleep (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015; Ohayon, Carskadon, Guilleminault, & Vitiello, 2004).”
BackgroundGet sleep or get stumped: sleep behaviour in elite South African cricket players during competition
McEwan, K., Davy, J., & Christie, C. J.-A. (2020) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2020.1776928 · Cited by 5
Burns, M., Aralova, M., Ellis, S. J., Aslanyan, К. S., Egorkina, T., & Wakefield, C. E. (2020) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.5547 · Cited by 5
“In our study, caregivers of children with cancer received significantly less sleep than comparison caregivers, and less than the recommended hours to maintain normal cognitive and motor functioning (7–9 h).(34) Caregivers of children with cancer also reported significantly more night‐time awakenings, sleeping badly, a…”
BackgroundKim, C.-W., Jeong, S. C., Hwang, S. W., Hui, S., & Kim, S. H. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.9004 · Cited by 5
“According to the National Sleep Foundation ’ s sleep time duration criteria recommendation, 29 asleepdurationof7 – 8hoursperdaywasthe reference duration for this study.”
The impact of sleep quality and duration on leptin, appetite, and obesity indices in adults
Muhammad, H. F. L., Pratama, S. A., Sulistyoningrum, D. C., Hartono, M. N., Huriyati, E., Lee, Y. Y., & Muda, W. A. M. W. (2020) · Medical Journal of Indonesia · doi:10.13181/mji.oa.203707 · Cited by 7
Association between self-reported sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk in corporate executives
Pienaar, P. R., Roden, L. C., Boot, C. R. L., van Mechelen, W., Twisk, J. W. R., Lambert, E. V., & Rae, D. E. (2021) · International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health · doi:10.1007/s00420-021-01739-2 · Cited by 4
“While current recommendations are 7–9-h sleep per night for optimal physical and mental health (Hirshkowitz 2015; Watson 2015), recent findings suggest that time allotted to sleep may have gradually declined over the past decades in the general population (Matricciani 2017).”
BackgroundPrevalence and characteristics of sleep problems of Indonesian children in 0 – 36 months old
Retnosari, G. Y., Irwanto, I., & Herawati, L. (2021) · Jurnal kedokteran dan kesehatan Indonesia · doi:10.20885/jkki.vol12.iss1.art6 · Cited by 5
Al-Khudhairy, M. W., Alotaibi, A. F., AbdulRahman, L., Al-Garni, M., Yaslam, R., & Fatani, R. (2021) · Risk Management and Healthcare Policy · doi:10.2147/rmhp.s318698 · Cited by 5
“Disturbance to this during stressful work schedules, work- or school-related deadlines, jet lag, and other environmental factors cause a tip in the balance, ultimately affecting one's health.(3) In 1948, health as described by the World Health Organization was “a state of complete physical, mental and social well bein…”
BackgroundPark, J.-H., Kim, Y., Welk, G. J., Silva, P., & Lee, J. M. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182413077 · Cited by 5
Segura-Badilla, O., Kammar‐García, A., Navarro-Cruz, A. R., Araneda‐Flores, J., Mancilla-Galindo, J., Verá-López, O., Lazcano-Hernández, M., & Quezada-Figueroa, G. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14010036 · Cited by 5
“Sleep and Physical Activity Recommendations for the duration of nocturnal sleep in the elderly from the National Sleep Foundation were used [26] to classify participants into three categories: below recommended (<5 h), recommended (5–7 h), and above recommended (>8 h).”
MethodAdolescent Technology-use Rules and Sleep in a Large Representative Sample
Giovanelli, A., Ozer, E. J., Adams, S. H., Park, M. J., & Ozer, E. M. (2022) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.10.025 · Cited by 6
“Despite high rates of technology-use rules, around 40% of adolescents in the present sample did not meet minimum sleep recommendations of 9 hours for younger adolescents and 8 hours for older adolescents [18].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialIntegrated role of lifestyle habits in cardiometabolic risk factors according to sex in adolescents
Sehn, A. P., Brand, C., Silveira, J. F. D. C., Marshall, R., Renner, J. D. P., & Reuter, C. P. (2022) · Annals of Human Biology · doi:10.1080/03014460.2022.2049873 · Cited by 5
“The sleep duration was classified as adequate or inadequate sleep duration, considered as inadequate sleep duration the short ( 7 hours (10–13 years) and 7 hours (14–17 years)) and long sleep duration ( 12 hours (10–13 years) and 11 hours (14–17 years)) (Hirshkowitz et al. 2015).”
BackgroundAsiamah-Asare, B. K. Y., Kwaśnicka, D., Robinson, S. M., et al. (2022) · Community Work & Family · doi:10.1080/13668803.2022.2100741 · Cited by 5
“Furthermore, study results found that sleep duration during on-shift days (6.4 ± 1.3 hours) was shorter than the suggested seven or more hours a night (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
BackgroundInfluentialPengpid, S., & Peltzer, K. (2022) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152354 · Cited by 5
“the recommendations of the National Sleep Foundation, “7 to 9 hours for young adults and adults, and 7 to 8 hours of sleep for older adults” [15].”
MethodDu, M., Tao, L., Liu, M., & Liu, J. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14235046 · Cited by 5
“Sleep duration was categorised into three groups: short, normal, and long sleep durations, based on the National Sleep Foundation’s sleep time duration recommendations for adults and older adults [25].”
MethodAryani, A., Widiyono, W., Rositasari, S., & Suwarni, A. (2022) · Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Anak · doi:10.32584/jika.v5i1.1284 · Cited by 5
Dice, A. L. E., Ye, X., Kim, S. G., McLaughlin, K. A., Amstadter, A. B., Tiemeier, H. W., & Denckla, C. A. (2023) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-023-00568-0 · Cited by 5
“We considered more sleep to be positive given the higher amount of sleep deemed appropriate for children and adolescents (8–11 h) versus for adults (7–9 h) and the extremely low prevalence of sleep over 11 h reported in our analytic sample [46].”
BackgroundMuralidharan, A., & Silverman, M. J. (2023) · Music Therapy Perspectives · doi:10.1093/mtp/miac031 · Cited by 5
Wang, R. Z., Jamal, A., Wang, Z., Dan, S., Srinivasan, M., Kim, G. S., Long, J., Palaniappan, L. P., Singh, J., & Eggert, L. E. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.10558 · Cited by 5
Longitudinal associations between sleep and weight status in infants and toddlers
Bucko, A. G., Armstrong, B., McIver, K. L., McLain, A. C., & Pate, R. R. (2023) · Pediatric Obesity · doi:10.1111/ijpo.13056 · Cited by 5
“Much of the research has assessed 24-h sleep rather than looking at nighttime and daytime sleep separately,(28) and the NSF provides sleep recommendations over a 24 h period without any detail on specific nighttime sleep duration recommendations.(5) The results of this study suggest that the development of weight stat…”
BackgroundMo, W., Yamakawa, M., Takahashi, S., et al. (2023) · Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1111/psyg.12994 · Cited by 5
Li, J., Wu, Q., Li, F., Yan, Z., Shen, D., & Zhang, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1109225 · Cited by 6
Kwon, M. J., Kim, J., & Cha, E. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11142015 · Cited by 5
“Sleep duration was classified as <7 or ≥7 h [29], and work hours were determined based on the average weekly working hours.”
MethodDuncan, M. J., Mitchell, J. L., Riazi, N. A., Belita, E., Vanderloo, L. M., Carsley, S., Carson, V., Chaput, J., Faulkner, G., Leatherdale, S. T., et al. (2023) · SSM - Population Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101477 · Cited by 5
Pokarowski, M., Kędra, M., Piwińska, J., Kurek, K., Szczygieł, K., Denysiuk, P., & Popiołek-Kalisz, J. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15153354 · Cited by 7
“It should be adequate for age; for adults, the recommended sleep duration is 7–9 h [7].”
BackgroundZhu, Y., Wang, H., Ma, R., Zhang, L., Wang, Y., Zhang, Y., Shao, Z., Zhu, D., & Zhu, P. (2023) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad446 · Cited by 5
Jiang, K., Spira, A. P., Gottesman, R. F., Full, K. M., Lin, F. R., Lutsey, P. L., Morales, E. E. G., Punjabi, N. M., Reed, N. S., Sharrett, A. R., et al. (2023) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2023.06.011 · Cited by 5
Song, X., Zou, S., Li, Y., Chen, L.-Y., Feng, P., Xu, P., Zhang, H., Deng, F., Xu, H., Tao, Y., et al. (2023) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-023-16377-1 · Cited by 5
“According to the recommendation of the American Sleep Foundation and the Canadian 24-hour Exercise guidelines for children and adolescents, the sleep time of adolescents aged 5–13 should be 9–11 h/night, and the sleep time of adolescents aged 14–17 should be 8–10 h/night [36, 37].”
MethodNigro, S. E., Peugh, J., Yolton, K. A., Chen, A., Lanphear, B. P., & Beebe, D. W. (2023) · Child Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/09297049.2023.2247602 · Cited by 4
Sleep Disorders and Aging in Women
Gadodia, R., Nandamuru, D., Akberzie, W., & Kataria, L. (2023) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2023.06.017 · Cited by 5
Practical Approach to Designing and Implementing a Recommendation System for Healthy Challenges
Lopez-Barreiro, J., Soidán, J. L. G., Sabucedo, L. M. Á., & Santos-Gago, J. M. (2023) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app13179782 · Cited by 5
Calidad de sueño en Uruguay al inicio de la pandemia
Minetti, P. T., Benedetto, L., Copiz, N., & Peyrou, S. (2023) · Anales de la Facultad de Medicina · doi:10.25184/anfamed2023v10n2a1 · Cited by 5
“La “National Sleep Foundation-NSF” recomienda tanto para los jóvenes adultos (18-25 años) como para los adultos de 26 a 64 años una duración de sueño de 7 a 9 horas por día(57, 58).”
BackgroundBaiden, P., Azasu, E., LaBrenz, C. A., Baiden, J. F., Gobodzo, E. C., Mets, V. E., & Broni, M. N. (2023) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.107351 · Cited by 6
Whibley, D., Shieu, M. M., Dunietz, G. L., & Braley, T. J. (2023) · Sleep Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.sleepe.2023.100071 · Cited by 5
Unveiling hidden dimensions: A novel bifactor approach to unraveling adverse childhood experiences
Decrop, R., Nowalis, S., Yannon, M. G., McGraw, J. S., & Docherty, M. (2023) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106599 · Cited by 5
Sun, N., Ni, Y., Deng, Y., Qi, J., Yu, Z., Wu, C., He, J., & Wu, Y. (2024) · Tobacco Induced Diseases · doi:10.18332/tid/176929 · Cited by 6
Li, Q., Shan, Y., Liao, J., Wang, L., Wei, Y., Dai, L., Kan, S., Shi, J., Huang, X., & Lu, G. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0298375 · Cited by 5
“According to the National Sleep Foundation’s sleep time duration recommendations, the panel agreed that, for healthy individuals with normal sleep, the appropriate sleep duration for a middle-to older-aged adults was between 7 to 8 hours [28].”
MethodNing, Y., Feng, S., Zheng, S., Wu, Z., Liu, X., Dong, L., & Jia, H. (2024) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2024.03.027 · Cited by 5
Neuropathologic changes at age 90+ related to sleep duration 19 to 40 years earlier: The 90+ Study
Melikyan, Z. A., Kawas, C. H., Paganini‐Hill, A., Jiang, L., Bukhari, S. A., Montine, T. J., Mander, B. A., & Corrada, M. M. (2024) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.13798 · Cited by 5
Sleep stage prediction using multimodal body network and circadian rhythm
Waqar, S., & Khan, M. U. G. (2024) · PeerJ Computer Science · doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.1988 · Cited by 5
“Scientists recommend 7 or more hours of sleep for adults, and this range of brackets varies with age groups ( Hirshkowitz et al., 2015 ).”
Ryan, D. J., Looze, C. D., McGarrigle, C. A., Scarlett, S., & Kenny, R. A. (2024) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2024.2345133 · Cited by 5
“Sleep was categorised short when ≤6 h and long when ≥10 h for participants aged ≤64 or when ≥9 h for participants aged ≥65, with the remainder classified as recommended sleep, following the US National Sleep Foundation recommendations (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
Sancho-Domingo, C., Carballo, J. L., Coloma‐Carmona, A., & Buysse, D. J. (2024) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsae046 · Cited by 7
Combined effects of sleep timing and nighttime sleep duration on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Xing, X., Ding, M., Li, C., Zhang, M., Xu, X., Zhang, L., Guo, F., Chen, S., Niu, Y., Liu, F., et al. (2024) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108116 · Cited by 5
You, Y., Ablitip, A., Lin, Y., Tang, M., Qian, W., Zhang, D., Tong, Y., Ding, H., Chen, K., Liu, J., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2024.1437452 · Cited by 5
“Short sleep duration, de fi ned as no more than 7 hours per night, was consistent with prior studies (33, 34).”
ResultSouabni, M. J., Souabni, M., Hammouda, O., & Driss, T. (2024) · Children · doi:10.3390/children11091044 · Cited by 5
“Importantly, the National Sleep Foundation recommends 8–10 h of sleep per night for adolescents (14–17 years), 7–9 h in adults (18–64 years), and 7–8 h in older adults ( ≥ 65 years) [13].”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Relationship between Leisure Time Physical Activity and Cognitive Function in Older Americans
Yang, J., Zheng, X., Wang, Y., Wang, H., & Song, G. (2024) · The Journal of Frailty & Aging · doi:10.14283/jfa.2024.70 · Cited by 5
“, body mass index (BMI) categories (underweight/normal, overweight, and obese), and sleep duration (categorized based on National Sleep Foundation recommendations (36, 37)).”
Jia, G., Jia, M., & Li, C. (2024) · BMC Gastroenterology · doi:10.1186/s12876-024-03538-8 · Cited by 5
Zhong, Y., Wang, B., Huang, J., Nian, M.-X., Zhao, J., & Chen, G. (2024) · Nature and Science of Sleep · doi:10.2147/nss.s480186 · Cited by 5
Home noninvasive ventilation in pediatric patients: Does one size fit all?
Khirani, S., Griffon, L., Amaddeo, A., Baudin, F., Bierme, P., Taytard, J., Stremler, N., Baravalle‐Einaudi, M., Mazenq, J., Ioan, I. C., et al. (2025) · Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2025.107983 · Cited by 5
Kim, Y., & Lee, W. (2025) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.03.015 · Cited by 6
Zhu, H., Wu, Q., Zhang, R., Zhang, Z., Feng, Y., Liu, T., Liu, D., Chen, X., & Dong, X. (2025) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2025.106654 · Cited by 5
Li, S., Yang, B., Shang, S., & Jiang, W. (2025) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.24338 · Cited by 6
“The National Sleep Foundation recommends 7 to 8 h of sleep for older adults [19].”
The Highs and Lows of Caffeine Intake in New Zealand Children
Ali, A., Wham, C. A., Wolber, F. M., Dickens, M., O’Keeffe, K., Thunders, M. C., Thomas, J., Starck, C. S., & Rutherfurd-Markwick, K. J. (2018) · Journal of Caffeine and Adenosine Research · doi:10.1089/caff.2017.0035 · Cited by 6
Schlemm, L. (2018) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00814 · Cited by 5
Mellor, D. J., Hallford, D. J., Tan, J., & Waterhouse, M. (2018) · International Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1002/ijop.12548 · Cited by 5
Sleep and Help Seeking Behaviours in Australia: A Narrative Review
Attard, K., Adams, R. J., Vakulin, A., & Reynolds, A. C. (2019) · OBM Neurobiology · doi:10.21926/obm.neurobiol.1902029 · Cited by 5
Mizuno, K., Okamoto-Mizuno, K., & Iwata, K. (2019) · Clocks & Sleep · doi:10.3390/clockssleep1030030 · Cited by 5
“It is generally recognized that sufficient sleep time for adolescents is 8 or more hours [1].”
BackgroundSleep Restriction Effects on BP: Systematic Review & Meta-analysis of RCTs
Hu, S., Jing, S., & Gao, Y. (2019) · Western Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/0193945919868143 · Cited by 5
“The National Sleep Foundation has recommended that adults should obtain at least 7h sleep per night (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
BackgroundOwens, J. A., & Ordway, M. R. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190930448.003.0004 · Cited by 11
Sleep Quality in Older Adults: A Review of Associated Mechanisms
Stephens, J., & Gatchel, R. J. (2018) · doi:10.36959/532/320 · Cited by 6
Chronic Sleep Reduction in Childhood and Adolescence
Paschke, K., Laurenz, L. J., & Thomasius, R. (2020) · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international · doi:10.3238/arztebl.2020.0661 · Cited by 6
Bacaro, V., Feige, B., Benz, F., Johann, A. F., Bartolo, P. D., Devoto, A., Lombardo, C., Riemann, D. W., & Baglioni, C. (2020) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci10110891 · Cited by 5
“Regarding nocturnal sleep, every age group was reported to sleep less than the recommended number of hours by the National Sleep Foundation [34], as shown in Table 2.”
MethodA Sleep Analysis of Elite Female Soccer Players During a Competition Week
Thomas, C., Jones, H., Whitworth‐Turner, C. M., & Louis, J. B. (2021) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2020-0706 · Cited by 5
“Individuals are recommended to sleep 62 at least 7h per night with 85% or more sleep efficiency (time asleep as a percentage of time in 63 bed [sleep quality]).(3,4) During the competitive soccer season, however, sleep may be impacted 64 by numerous factors such as scheduling, training stress, arousal and travel.”
BackgroundPapadakis, Z., Forsse, J. S., & Stamatis, A. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18073655 · Cited by 5
“Sleep conditions were designed based on the national recommendations for adults of obtaining 7 to 9 h of sleep [1,71,72].”
MethodImpaired alpha rhythm in bad sleeper during nap: A high‐density electroencephalogram study
Zhao, X., Chen, X., Duan, W., et al. (2021) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13419 · Cited by 5
“Night- time sleep is an essential indicator of one’s sleep quality, and the proper duration of night- time sleep for an adult is ~7 hr, which is recommended by the American National Sleep Foundation (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
BackgroundValidity and reliability of the Turkish version of the insomnia catastrophizing scale
Kabadayı, F., Mercan, O., Yazıcı‐Kabadayı, S., Elhatip, Y. E., & Büyüksevindik, B. (2021) · Sleep and Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1007/s41105-021-00336-7 · Cited by 5
Postural Control and Sleep Quality in Cognitive Dual Tasking in Healthy Young Adults
Saraiva, M., Marouvo, J., Fernandes, O., et al. (2021) · J — Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal · doi:10.3390/j4030021 · Cited by 5
“For healthy people and people without sleep disorders, the recommendation is 7 to 9 h of sleep per night in adults aged 18 to 64 years [17].”
BackgroundRelationships Between Internet Use and Sleep Duration in Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Fan, Z., Yin, R., Tang, L., Zhang, C., & Zhang, F. (2021) · International Journal of General Medicine · doi:10.2147/ijgm.s317658 · Cited by 5
Machado, A. K. F., Wendt, A. T., Menezes, A. M. B., Barros, F. C., Gonçalves, H., & Wehrmeister, F. C. (2021) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2021.08.013 · Cited by 5
Variations and Patterns in Sleep: A Feasibility Study of Young Carers in Families with ALS
Kavanaugh, M. S., Johnson, K. T., & Zawadzki, M. J. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10194482 · Cited by 7
Wrist movement analysis for long-term home sleep monitoring
Pan, Q., Brulin, D., & Campo, É. (2021) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2021.115952 · Cited by 5
Elite soccer athlete's sleep: A literature review
Silva, A. C., Amaral, A. S., Guerreiro, R. D. C., Silva, A., de Mello, M. T., DaSilva, S. G., Rechenchosky, L., & Rinaldi, W. (2021) · Apunts Sports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.apunsm.2021.100373 · Cited by 5
Lee, Y., Wu, Y., Shelley, M., Arndt, S. V., & Chang, Y. (2021) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-021-00697-7 · Cited by 5
“Furthermore, although the guideline from the National Sleep Foundation (NSF) recommends that older adults should sleep 7–8 h daily, fewer than 40% of Chinese older adults actually report such daily sleep duration (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015; Lee et al., 2020).”
BackgroundMethodAssociation between nighttime urinary frequency and sleep problems among Japanese adolescents
Matsushima, E., Otsuka, Y., Itani, O., Matsumoto, Y., & Kaneita, Y. (2021) · International Journal of Urology · doi:10.1111/iju.14744 · Cited by 5
Noval, H. R., Parra, J. I. M., Fernández, J. F., Criado, Á. D. C., Gómez, J. L. R., Useros, A. L., Santiago, R. F., & Palazuelos, J. C. M. (2022) · Cirugía Española (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.cireng.2022.03.014 · Cited by 5
Nazar, G., Arteaga-Marín, M. J., Irrázabal-Medina, B., Martínez-Matamala, S., Oñate-Salinas, V., Pinot-Aravena, D., Schade-Villagrán, C., & Bustos, C. (2022) · Ciencia y enfermería/Ciencia y enfermería · doi:10.29393/ce28-1aagc80001 · Cited by 9
The influence of training and competition on sleep behaviour of soccer referees
Lastella, M., Miller, D. J., Vincent, G. E., Elsworthy, N., Scanlan, A. T., & Duffield, R. (2021) · Science and Medicine in Football · doi:10.1080/24733938.2021.1890812 · Cited by 6
“An obvious explanation is that the amount of sleep referees obtained before training or matches were already below the recommended 7–9 hours of sleep per night (Hirshkowitz et al. 2015), and hence the postmatch sleep duration change was smaller than that reported in players (Lastella et al. 2019).”
BackgroundChung, S. (2022) · Sleep Medicine Research · doi:10.17241/smr.2022.01249 · Cited by 5
“An average adult needs 7–8 hours of sleep per day [7].”
BackgroundTam, A. C. T., Steck, V., Janjua, S., Liu, T. Y., Murphy, R. A., Zhang, W., & Conklin, A. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0273218 · Cited by 5
“For older adults (age 65 and older), the National Sleep Foundation recommends between 7 and 8 hours of sleep per night [26].”
BackgroundRosales-Leal, J. I., Vaca, C. S., Ryaboshapka, A., Villafranca, F. D. C., & Escudero, M. Á. R. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20032340 · Cited by 5
“Sleep is essential for emotional, physical, and cognitive well-being [13].”
BackgroundLee, P. M. Y., Liao, G., Tsang, C. Y. J., Leung, C. C., Kwan, M., & Tse, L. A. (2023) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2023.105042 · Cited by 5
Evaluación Psicométrica de la Escala Atenas de Insomnio en Adultos y Adultos Mayores de México
González-González, A., Hernández, M. E. S., Laguna-Chimal, J., & Ocampo, D. B. (2023) · Psykhe (Santiago) · doi:10.7764/psykhe.2022.49359 · Cited by 4
Siddharthan, A., Aljin, V., Hariharan, S., & Eashwar, V. A. (2024) · National Journal of Community Medicine · doi:10.55489/njcm.150920244224 · Cited by 6
Riso, E., & Jürimäe, J. (2018) · International handbooks of quality-of-life · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-75529-8_21 · Cited by 5
Protocol on Medico-Legal Documentation of Sleep Deprivation
Pérez‐Sales, P., Søndergaard, E., Shir, E., Cakal, E., & Brasholt, M. (2019) · Torture Journal · doi:10.7146/torture.v29i2.116320 · Cited by 5
“The minimum duration for children (under 18) is higher (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015; Watson, Badr, Belenk, & Bliwise, 2015).”
BackgroundYao, F., Tang, X., & Liu, K. (2021) · Nutrición Hospitalaria · doi:10.20960/nh.03448 · Cited by 5
“The National Sleep Foundation currently recommends sleeping seven to seventeen hours per 24-hour period, with age-specific recommendations decreasing as age increases (26).”
BackgroundASSOCIATION BETWEEN SLEEP DURATION, SLEEP QUALITY AND BODY MASS INDEX IN MEDICAL STUDENTS
Maharjan, N., Karki, P., Adhikari, B., Bhaila, A., & Shrestha, H. (2020) · Journal of Chitwan Medical College · doi:10.54530/jcmc.248 · Cited by 7
Matsumoto, Y., Kaneita, Y., Jike, M., Osaki, Y., Kanda, H., Higuchi, S., Itani, O., & Otsuka, Y. (2021) · Sleep and Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1007/s41105-021-00321-0 · Cited by 5
Bába, É. B., Pikó, P., Müller, A., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19063545 · Cited by 5
“As a first step, individuals with weekly physical activity greater than 6720 min (6720 min = 16 h × 7 days: There should be no more than 16 h of activity time because 8 h per day is the average sleep time according to the National Sleep Foundation [41]) were excluded (46 individuals).”
(2015) · MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report · doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6430a6 · Cited by 5
Svensson, T., Svensson, A. K., Kitliński, M., Engström, G., Nilsson, J. Å., Orho‐Melander, M., Nilsson, P. M., & Melander, O. (2024) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-024-03392-1 · Cited by 5
“The National Sleep Foundation guidelines recommend a sleep duration of 7–9 h [34].”
BackgroundMaurer, L., Aust, F., & Lorenz, N. (2025) · Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin · doi:10.1007/s11818-025-00502-w · Cited by 4
Xu, X., Zhang, H., Liu, M., & Lai, G. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-23659-3 · Cited by 4
“The National Sleep Foundation of the United States in 2015 recommended that for healthy individuals with normal sleep, the appropriate sleep duration for preschoolers is between 10 and 13 h [35].”
Cheng, C., Wang, X., Huang, M., He, J., Li, Y., & Cui, Y. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-24405-5 · Cited by 5
“Based on National Sleep Foundation recommendations [25], participants were divided into three groups: those with a daily nighttime sleep duration of 7 to 9 h, considered optimal; short sleepers (SS, < 7 h); and long sleepers (LS,≥9 h).”
Matsushita, D., Xiong, X., & Wang, X. (2025) · Journal of Transport & Health · doi:10.1016/j.jth.2025.102156 · Cited by 4
Li, Z., & Liu, H. (2025) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1155/da/9391682 · Cited by 4
“” According to the sleep duration recommendations of the National Sleep Foundation [44], the reported sleep duration was divided into three categories: recommended (7 – 9 h), appropriate (9 – 10 h and 6 – 7 h), and not recommended (less than 6 h and more than 10 h).”
Xie, X., Cheng, H., Xiong, J., Li, Y., Xiao, P., Dong, H., Shan, X., Li, Y., Fu, L., & Mi, J. (2025) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1620166 · Cited by 4
Updating sleep duration benchmarks in surveillance: implications of wearables and objective measures
Chaput, J. (2025) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2025.08.008 · Cited by 5
Chen, C., Liu, K., & Zhou, Z. (2025) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2025.1716670 · Cited by 4
“According to the National Sleep Foundation’s recommendations, adolescents require 8 to 10 h of sleep, while young adults and adults should aim for 7 to 9 h (41).”
Lowery, M., Oliver, S. J., Roberts, R., Barwood, C., Dunn, E., Langham‐Walsh, E., Holliss, B., Wraith, L., Woodman, T., Lawrence, G. P., et al. (2025) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1002/ejsc.70093 · Cited by 6
“Moreover, our data highlight that daytime napping was important to ensure adequate total daily sleep was obtained in DEA and on average, they met the total daily sleep recommendations (Hirshkowitz et al. 2015).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Hirshkowitz, M., Whiton, K., Albert, S. M., Alessi, C., Bruni, O., DonCarlos, L., Hazen, N., Herman, J., Katz, E. S., Kheirandish-Gozal, L., Neubauer, D. N., O’Donnell, A. E., Ohayon, M., Peever, J., Rawding, R., Sachdeva, R. C., Setters, B., Vitiello, M. V., Ware, J. C., & Adams Hillard, P. J.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- National Sleep Foundation (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Loyola University Chicago (US)
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Georgetown University Medical Center (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Gannon University (US)
- American Academy of Pediatrics (US)
- University of Louisville (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Eastern Virginia Medical School (US)
- Corresponding author
- Whiton, Kaitlyn
- ORCID
- Venue
- Sleep Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-03
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 40-43
- ISSN
- 2352-7218 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2088948024
- Semantic Scholar
- 4e3e4c046d6e7145de63397f3a9872f2506375b8
- Cited by
- 4,404
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 396 · 2025: 539 · 2024: 506 · 2023: 502 · 2022: 539 · 2021: 497 · 2020: 392 · 2019: 352 · 2018: 283 · 2017: 184 · 2016: 160 · 2015: 47
- FWCI
- 338.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Sleep Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Thoracic Society
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method, sleep disorders
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