The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 1 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary.
Open accessAbstract
Consensus recommendations on sufficient sleep duration across the lifespan using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method.
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Claims the paper makes
39 Own result · 9 Own interpretation · 5 Own method · 5 No basis given · 1 No full text of the sources
- Probably not a substantial claim. 58
- It may state two separate claims as one. 5
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“infants between 12 and 15 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“7 to 8 hours of sleep for older adults”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“school-aged children between 9 and 11 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For teenagers, 8 to 10 hours was considered appropriate”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“preschoolers between 10 and 13 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“7 to 9 hours for young adults and adults”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“toddlers between 11 and 14 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The panel agreed that, for healthy individuals with normal sleep, the appropriate sleep duration for newborns is between 14 and 17 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Panelists performed the firstround vote independently.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A research assistant performed data entry, and a supervisor checked entries to ensure accuracy and completeness.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The RAND appropriateness method is a well-recognized technique for systematically analyzing experts' interpretations of extant research.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [1] 1. Fitch K, Bernstein SJ, Aquilar MD, et al. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method user's manual. Santa Monica, CA: The RAND Corporation; 2001.
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The recommendations reported here represent guidelines for healthy individuals and those not suffering from a sleep disorder.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sleep's restorative properties undoubtedly also depend on sleep quality, sleep architecture, and the timing of sleep within the day.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Importantly, the panel emphasized that some individuals might sleep longer or shorter than the recommended times with no adverse effects.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, individuals with sleep durations far outside the normal range may be engaging in volitional sleep restriction or have serious health problems.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These factors, however, are more difficult to estimate from cohort studies that use self-reported data.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This data disparity is particularly important when interpreting laboratory-based findings.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: Intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time typically produce shorter sleep durations.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sufficient sleep duration requirements vary across the lifespan and from person to person.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A systematic literature review was conducted by a nonvoting, independent review team led by John Herman, PhD, from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, with assistance from colleagues Chelsea Vaughn, PhD, and David Brown, PhD.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“An individual who intentionally restricts sleep over a prolonged period may be compromising his or her health and well-being.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Inclusion criteria were (a) normal, nondisordered population; (b) published in a peer-reviewed journal; (c) human subjects; and (d) English language.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed, which biases data toward higher sleep duration estimates.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: Actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A project team member followed up with panelists to resolve missing or discrepant scores.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
Actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed.
“actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed”
The paper relies on this without support.
Sleep is a vital part of physical, cognitive, and emotional health.
“Sleep, like diet and exercise, is a vital part of physical, cognitive, and emotional health.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The literature, especially cohort and population studies, often do not distinguish between time in bed and actual sleep time.
“The literature, especially cohort and population studies, often do not distinguish between time in bed and actual sleep time.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time typically produce shorter sleep durations.
“intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time will typically produce shorter sleep durations”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“Nonetheless, even if one conservatively assumes that the average increase in actual nightly sleep was 67 min relative to what we observed in our student samples using wrist actigraphy, it still means that 62% of students in these samples were still getting less than 8 h of total nightly sleep, the minimum recommendation for young adult nightly sleep (26).”
From Nightly sleep duration predicts grade point average in the first year of college (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Current sleep recommendations outline the need for healthy adults to achieve seven to nine h of sleep per night [2].”
From The effect of caffeine on subsequent sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [2]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The recommended total sleep for children aged 6- to 13-years-old is 9–11 hours, whereas the recommended sleep for adolescents aged 14–17 is approximately 8–10 hours.15”
From Middle school start times and young adolescent sleep, behavioral health, and academic performance outcomes: a narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The recommended total sleep for children aged 6- to 13-years-old is 9–11 hours, whereas the recommended sleep for adolescents aged 14–17 is approximately 8–10 hours.15”
From Middle school start times and young adolescent sleep, behavioral health, and academic performance outcomes: a narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Sleep medicine guidelines indicate that adolescents should be getting 8 to 10 h of nightly sleep (26), but first-year college students in the present samples slept on average 6 h and 37 min each night (SD = 51 min).”
From Nightly sleep duration predicts grade point average in the first year of college (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“current recommendations suggest that adolescents require 8-10 h of sleep to function optimally [3,4].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Early school start times during the academic year are in direct conflict with the biologically driven circadian shift towards later bedtimes and later wake-up times among adolescents, directly constraining their opportunity for sufficient sleep duration [3,4].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Other important developmental changes occur as well, such as an increased need for sleep (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
From Health lifestyles across the transition to adulthood: implications for health (2017) · cites this paper as Hirshkowitz et al., 2015
In the citing paper
“Guidelines from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society state that regularly sleeping fewer than 7 h per night is associated with a higher risk of weight gain and other adverse health outcomes [116].”
From Dietary and Behavioral Strategies for Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance: A Narrative Review (2025) · cites this paper as [116]
In the citing paper
“For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration and quality; particularly for athletes whose physical and mental recovery needs may be greater due to the high physiological and psychological demands placed on them during training and competition.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Sleep disturbances and short sleep duration are behavioural risk factors for inflammation, associated with increased risk of illness and disease, which can be modified to promote sleep health.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Similar to nutrition, sleep disturbances (difficulty initiating or maintain sleep) and sleep deprivation (not getting enough sleep) are risk factors for inflammation [18,42], which can be treated or managed to promote recovery and/or performance.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration which is dependent on age [28,42].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Sleep recommendations particularly the amount of sleep required, change over the lifespan from adolescents (8–10 h), adults (7–9 h), and older adults (7–8 h) [42].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“Divergent opinion among panelists was defined as more than 20% (ie, 3 of 18 panel members) voting outside any 3-point range (ie, 1-3, 4-6, or 7-9) of the median.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Results
Reported 20 · recomputed 16.666667
Citations
Cites
Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't
Sackett, D. L., Rosenberg, W. M. C., Gray, J. A. M., Haynes, R. B., & Richardson, W. S. (1996) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.312.7023.71 · Cited by 15,769
Yeh, M. (2014) · Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/jnr.0000000000000065 · Cited by 3,836
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 2,801–2,900 of 4,366
Chen, M. H., Huang, J. W., & Wang, J. (2025) · Asian Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.ajsep.2025.06.001 · Cited by 2
Michaels, V. R., Boucsein, A., Haszard, J. J., Galland, B. C., Meredith-Jones, K. A., Zhou, Y., Jones, S., Paul, R. G., Wiltshire, E. J., Jefferies, C., et al. (2025) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.70093 · Cited by 2
Coşkun, A. B., Elibol, E., & Ozer, S. D. (2025) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.86751 · Cited by 2
“According to the recommendations of the National Sleep Foundation, seven to nine hours of sleep is considered appropriate for young adults and adults [38].”
Effective Factors Related to Sleep Disorder in Infants Under 12 Months Old
Khamenehpour, K., Zeidi, I. M., Shahsavari, S., & Razzaghi, A. (2025) · Sleep Science · doi:10.1055/s-0044-1793927 · Cited by 2
“22 Although there is some evidence about the percentage of infant sleep disorders and the characteristics of parental behavior around the world, 11,23 there is a lack of updated information in Iran.”
Review of available drugs and non-pharmacological strategies used to treat insomnia
Starownik, J., Bara, M., Szydło, J., Gryszkiewicz, P., & Nieznański, J. (2025) · Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.56782/pps.228 · Cited by 2
Mood and sleep in young adults with type 1 diabetes
Carreon, S. A., Baudino, M. N., Minard, C. G., Lyons, S. K., Streisand, R. M., Anderson, B. J., McKay, S. V., Tang, T. S., Nowakowski, S., Butler, A. M., et al. (2025) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsaf038 · Cited by 2
Fateh, H. L., Ahmed, D. H., Hallajzadeh, J., & Moludi, J. (2025) · Sleep And Breathing · doi:10.1007/s11325-025-03392-2 · Cited by 2
The Association of Healthy Eating Index and Sleep Disorders: A Meta‐Analysis
Guo, W., Dong, Y., Xu, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, F., Wang, S., Wu, Z., Gao, Y., & Li, B. (2025) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.70640 · Cited by 6
Sleep indicators and staging: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study in healthy young adults
Cao, Y., An, X., Zhong, W., Jiang, J., Chu, H., Jiao, X., Chen, X., Ke, Y., & Wang, B. (2025) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121368 · Cited by 4
“Humans spend approximately one-third of their lives in a state of sleep (Guyon et al., 2017; Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
Palermos, D., Sergentanis, T. Ν., Pavi, E., Athanasiadou, E., Καντζάνου, Μ., & Ψαλτοπούλου, Θ. (2025) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2025.108654 · Cited by 2
Kahn, M., Poches, M., Barnett, N. R., & Gradisar, M. (2025) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2025.106710 · Cited by 2
Narcisse, M., Moise, R. K., McElfish, P. A., Felix, H. C., Kirkland, T. W., & Jean‐Louis, G. (2025) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2025.06.007 · Cited by 2
Association Between Eye Diseases and Sleep Duration: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
Kim, Y.-C., Kim, S., Kim, T., Hong, S., Seo, H., Jeong, J., Lim, H. K., & Um, Y. H. (2025) · Psychiatry Investigation · doi:10.30773/pi.2025.0117 · Cited by 2
Al-Hazzaa, H. M., Alhakami, A., & Alotaibi, A. (2025) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2025.1607811 · Cited by 4
Crooks, E., Pavlenco, C., Miller, L., Wambold, L., Schroeder, S., & Weeks, D. L. (2025) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2025.08.006 · Cited by 2
Devrim-Lanpir, A., Devenney, S., & Egan, B. (2025) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.70177 · Cited by 4
“While the National Sleep Foundation recommends 7 to 9 h of sleep for both young adults (18–25 years) and adults (26–64 years (Hirshkowitz et al. 2015)), athletes may require additional sleep to fully recover from both the physical and mental demands of their sport (Bird 2013), and meeting these…”
Selman, S. B., Gurel, B. F., & Dilworth‐Bart, J. E. (2025) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-025-03152-6 · Cited by 3
Preventive circadian medicine: improving health with sleep checkups
Minami, Y., Kishi, A., & Ueda, H. R. (2025) · npj Biological Timing and Sleep · doi:10.1038/s44323-025-00047-z · Cited by 2
“The NSF and otherauthorizedorganizationsreportedconsensuspapersfornotonlysleep duration, but also sleep quality and sleep regularity 35 – 38 . to “ nearables ” that collect data close to the user ’ s environment, as well as sensors that are detected insidetheuser ’ sbody, such asingestibledeep body…”
Wang, X., Lei, J., Li, W., Liu, X., Chen, Z., Li, Y., Zhang, Q., Lv, M., Han, X., Wang, L., et al. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.120354 · Cited by 2
Sleep patterns in adults and children with less common forms of diabetes
Arosemena, M., Salguero, M. V., Greeley, S. A. W., Naylor, R. N., Tasali, E., & Philipson, L. H. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1388995 · Cited by 2
“In one of the studies, the mean sleep duration was 7.3 hours (7) [recommended by age is 8 – 10 hours (12)], which is at the 40th percentile compared with age-and sex-based normative data for actigraphy-measured sleep duration (13).”
InfluentialKim, J.-H., Ha, M. J., Choi, D., & Park, S. (2025) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.1080/07853890.2025.2569986 · Cited by 2
“The National Sleep Foundation (NSF) advises that individuals aged 18 to 64 should strive for 7 to 9 h of sleep each night, whereas seniors aged 65 and above ought to focus on obtaining 7 to 8 h [20].”
Chen, H., Ren, Y., Zeng, Y., Wu, Y., Yu, J., Zhang, Q., & Xiao, X. (2025) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2025.102188 · Cited by 3
Tang, B., Hu, Y., Xu, C., Wang, N., Li, Y., & Li, J. (2025) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1629695 · Cited by 2
Sleep Quality and Cognitive Life Expectancy in the United States
Chiu, C., Chen, C.-A., Wang, J., & Ofstedal, M. B. (2025) · Research on Aging · doi:10.1177/01640275251394993 · Cited by 2
“…(Adjaye-Gbewonyo et al., 2022), while a larger proportion of older adults, around 30%, reported that they usually failed to have at least 7 h of sleep a day, which is the minimum amount of sleep duration recommended by the National Sleep Foundation (Gordon et al., 2022; Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
Age-related Changes in Sleep Physiology and Common Sleep Disorders in Older Adults
Ji, K. (2025) · Journal of the Korean Neurological Association · doi:10.17340/jkna.2025.0030 · Cited by 2
Feng, F., Cai, Z., Chen, J., Yang, D., Huang, N., & Luo, Y. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-23440-x · Cited by 7
“Notably, the National Sleep Foundation recommends 7–9 h of sleep for adults aged 26–64 years and 7–8 h for those aged 65 years and older 48 , our finding of 7.23 h falls precisely within these recommended ranges validating both the biological appropriateness of these recommendations and providing a…”
InfluentialGoldberg, M., Mat, Y. L., Metra, M., et al. (2025) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.70164 · Cited by 2
Inan, F. A., Unal, D., Marzban, F., Sosi, E. T., & Bayne, G. A. (2025) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph22111728 · Cited by 7
“The recommendation for college students is to get 7–9 h of sleep per night [2].”
Associations of lifestyle factors with amyloid pathology in persons without dementia
Oomens, J. E., Vos, S. J. B., Maserejian, N. N., Boada, M., Didic, M., Engelborghs, S., Fladby, T., van der Flier, W. M., Frisoni, G. B., Fröhlich, L., et al. (2025) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.1177/13872877251379083 · Cited by 2
Ahrensberg, H., Christensen, A. I., Andersen, S., & Petersen, C. B. (2025) · Frontiers in Sleep · doi:10.3389/frsle.2025.1661250 · Cited by 2
“Based on the National Sleep Foundation’s recommendations for adults (18–64 years) (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015), sleep duration was categorized into < 7 h, 7–9 h and > 9 h.”
InfluentialRoba, H. S., Biddle, S., Baliunas, D. O., & Kolbe-Alexander, T. L. (2025) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2025.123391 · Cited by 2
Cho, J., Kang, E. S., Kim, S. E., & Won, Y. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-29891-6 · Cited by 2
“…suggested that sleep duration and quality act as independent risk factors while being intertwined in a complementary manner with inflammation-related lifestyle patterns, potentially showing an associated shift toward the upper quantiles of the LIS 2,4,19 . sex-specific differences were also noted.”
Effects of Smartphone Use on Sleep and Mental Health in Young Adults: Going Beyond Self‐Report
Bild, E., Rossa, K. R., Edmed, S. L., Pattinson, C. L., Mann, D., Sullivan, K. A., Salmon, P. M., Gadam, S., Srinivasan, A. G., & Smith, S. S. (2025) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1155/da/3249012 · Cited by 3
“Yet many young adults sleep less than the recommended 7 – 9 h per night for optimal health [1] — and up to 60 % of young adults report sleep problems, including dif fi culties with falling asleep and waking frequently [2].”
InfluentialLotti, S., Napoletano, A., Dinu, M., Picchi, E., Faraguna, U., Giangrandi, I., Cesari, F., Marcucci, R., Sofi, F., & Colombini, B. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17233763 · Cited by 2
“TST was dichotomized as 7 h versus ≥ 7 h per night, reflecting recommended sleep duration for adults [20].”
Sleep Disorders and Obesity in Saudi Populations Across the Lifespan: A Systematic Review
Aljohani, A. H., Aljohani, A. H., & Alshammari, K. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14248709 · Cited by 3
“The National Sleep Foundation recommends 7–9 h of sleep for adults aged 18–64, 7–8 h for older adults (aged 65 and above), and more than 9 h for children under 14 [11].”
Sleep quality in Spanish adults: an age- and sex-stratified cross-sectional study
Jiménez-Vaquero, C., González‐Sánchez, J., Alonso‐Domínguez, R., Garcia-Yu, I. A., Sánchez‐Aguadero, N., Sedano, A. C., Rihuete-Galve, M. I., & Recio-Rodriguez, J. I. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-27418-7 · Cited by 2
Wang, Q., Xie, B., Fu, C., Li, M., Wang, X., Shrestha, N., Virani, S. S., Mishra, S. R., & Zhu, D. (2026) · npj Aging · doi:10.1038/s41514-025-00323-z · Cited by 2
“Sleep quality was de fi ned by the criteria recommended by the National Sleep Foundation, which integrates fi ve sleep behaviors (sleep duration, chronotype preference, insomnia, snoring, and daytime sleepiness) 29 .”
Circadian rhythms, endogenous glucocorticoids and skeletal health
Macfarlane, E., Zhou, H., & Seibel, M. J. (2026) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1093/ejendo/lvag012 · Cited by 3
Arayıcı, M. E., Köse, A., & Simsek, H. (2026) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-026-07043-3 · Cited by 2
“…as < 7 h (short sleep), 7–8 h (normal sleep), and > 8 h (long sleep), in accordance with established clinical recommendations and prior epidemiological studies [23, 27, 32] identifying 7–8 h as the optimal sleep duration for adults and shorter or longer durations as potentially adverse [33].”
Racial, ethnic and sex‐specific mechanisms of obstructive sleep apnea and Alzheimer's disease risk
Murali, K. P., Gills, J. L., Turner, A. D., Briggs, A., Bernard, M., Valkanova, E. M., Mbah, A. K., Umasabor‐Bubu, O. Q., Brewster, G. S., Osakwe, Z. T., et al. (2026) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.71144 · Cited by 2
Balali, A., Poursalehi, D., Shahdadian, F., Rouhani, P., & Saneei, P. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-35155-8 · Cited by 3
“Individuals with less than 7 hours of sleep per night were considered as short sleepers 31,32 .”
Association of bedroom particulate matter, sleep quality and next-day physical performance
Lin, X., Ji, T., Guo, R., Guo, C., Gong, P., & Lan, L. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-37949-2 · Cited by 2
Roehe, M. A., Trost, C., Grundnig, J. S., Anvari‐Pirsch, A., & Holzinger, A. (2026) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1093/acamed/wvag043 · Cited by 2
Monterastelli, A. J., Misiunaite, I., Eastman, C. I., & Crowley, S. J. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-37985-y · Cited by 2
Sun, Y., Rong, Z., Maimaitiming, D., Wang, L., Zhou, Y., Zhou, H., Ran, H., & Song, J. (2026) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2026.03.017 · Cited by 2
Kidcaff, A., Nicholson, M., Coulter, T. J., McNulty, C. R., & Polman, R. (2026) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-026-01021-0 · Cited by 3
“Even when average nightly sleep duration meets recommended guidelines for adolescents (8–10 h) and adults/ young adults (7–9 h) [13], higher IIV has been associated with poorer subjective sleep quality and impaired day-time functioning, including reduced attentional capacity, memory difficulties,…”
Mitochondrial dysfunction in sleep deprivation
Zhao, M., Abbasi, A. A., Li, P., & Lu, P. (2026) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-026-01853-5 · Cited by 2
Acute sleep rebound following sleep restriction is associated with reduced mortality risk
Li, X., Zhang, M., Li, Z., Zhang, S., Bertisch, S. M., Huang, T., Rutter, M. K., & Redline, S. S. (2026) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-026-72461-1 · Cited by 2
Zhang, S., Liu, R., Rao, F., Zhou, Q., & 熊群 (2026) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1845627 · Cited by 2
Jung, H., Seo, Y. J., Huh, K. H., Park, J. B., Kim, M.-G., Kang, K. P., Han, S., Cho, J., Park, S., Kim, C., et al. (2026) · Nephrology · doi:10.1111/nep.70229 · Cited by 2
“The National Sleep Foundation recommends a sleep duration of 7–9 h for healthy young adults and 7–8 h for older adults [15].”
A baixa duração do sono está associada com a inatividade física em adolescentes amazonenses?
Ferrari, G. J., Pinto, A. D. A., Barbosa, R. M. D. S. P., Nahas, M. V., Pelegrini, A., & Felden, É. (2017) · Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde · doi:10.12820/rbafs.v.22n4p373-381 · Cited by 2
The importance of body mechanics and the impact of nursing lifestyle
Wanless, S. (2017) · Pielegniarstwo XXI wieku / Nursing in the 21st Century · doi:10.1515/pielxxiw-2017-0038 · Cited by 2
Stamatis, A., & Papadakis, Z. (2018) · International Research in Higher Education · doi:10.5430/irhe.v3n2p76 · Cited by 2
Caffarelli, C., Santamaria, F., Mauro, D. D., Mastrorilli, C., Montella, S., Tchana, B., Valerio, G., Verrotti, A., Valenzise, M., Bernasconi, S., et al. (2018) · The Italian Journal of Pediatrics/Italian journal of pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s13052-018-0524-7 · Cited by 3
Audibilidade e desenvolvimento de linguagem oral em crianças com deficiência de audição
Deperon, T. M., Figueiredo, R. D. S. L., Leal, C., et al. (2018) · Distúrbios da Comunicação · doi:10.23925/2176-2724.2018v30i3p-551-560 · Cited by 2
Evidenzbasierte Behandlung nicht-organischer Schlafstörungen
Pöpel, A. (2018) · Praxis · doi:10.1024/1661-8157/a003160 · Cited by 2
Relationship Between Emotions, Sleep and Well-Being
Zaccaro, A., Conversano, C., Lai, E. Y., & Gemignani, A. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-25816-0_8 · Cited by 2
Nyamute, L., Mathai, M., & Mbwayo, A. (2021) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2021.742 · Cited by 5
The Mismatch Between the Circadian Clock and Social Clock: Social Jetlag
Uslu, E., & Özsaban, A. (2020) · Journal of Turkish Sleep Medicine · doi:10.4274/jtsm.galenos.2020.63835 · Cited by 3
Sleep, anxiety, and depression
Huang, L., & Sullivan, K. L. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817935-2.00014-3 · Cited by 2
Designing a Tangible Device for Re-Framing Unproductivity
Sirera, J., & Velloso, E. (2021) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-85610-6_29 · Cited by 2
Gebelikte Uyku Sorunlarının Perinatal Süreçteki Etkileri ve Çözüm Sürecinde Hemşirelik Yaklaşımları
GÜNDÜZ, C. S., & Yıldız, H. (2021) · Etkili Hemşirelik Dergisi · doi:10.46483/deuhfed.769794 · Cited by 2
Diogo, F. M. C., Galina, S. D., de Oliveira, M. L. C., Valdéz, P., & de Azevedo, C. V. M. (2021) · Sleep Science · doi:10.5935/1984-0063.20200085 · Cited by 2
“…school students showed the worst sleep quality score, which could explain the worst performance in CPT. Tonic alertness is the responsiveness to the environment at any time 19 and is related to the ascending reticular activating system 32 , which may be linked to the homeostatic component of sleep.”
BackgroundSleep pattern regularity and measures of infant weight and length during the first 6 months
Tsai, S., Tung, Y., Wu, W., & Lee, C. (2022) · Journal of Pediatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2021.12.022 · Cited by 2
Retirement Center Worker Sleep Health Assessment During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Hittle, B. M., Norrell, R. M., Omololu, S. O., & Ulrich, M. G. (2022) · Workplace Health & Safety · doi:10.1177/21650799211054863 · Cited by 3
“workers failed to meet recommended standards of 7 to 9 hours in a 24-hour period, with rates higher for those working shift work (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015; Khubchandani & Price, 2019).”
BackgroundDaytime sleepiness and emotional and behavioral disturbances in Prader-Willi syndrome
Choong, C. S., Nixon, G. M., Blackmore, A. M., Chen, W., Jacoby, P. A., Leonard, H., Lafferty, A. R. A., Ambler, G. R., Kapur, N., Bergman, P. B., et al. (2022) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-022-04439-2 · Cited by 2
“From number of hours of sleep per night, a binary sleep adequacy variable was derived, based on the National Sleep Foundation’s age-dependent recommendations, with adequacy of sleep defined as a reported duration at or above the recommended amount for age [24].”
MethodSleep, Stress, and Symptoms Among People With Heart Failure During the COVID-19 Pandemic
O’Connell, M., Jeon, S., Conley, S., Linsky, S., & Redeker, N. S. (2022) · The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · doi:10.1097/jcn.0000000000000906 · Cited by 2
Rigney, G., Keys, E., Johnson, M., Paul, J., & Corkum, P. V. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108682053.016 · Cited by 2
Física), G. D. I. E. (. F. Y. P. D. L. A., & Abarca-Sos, A. (2022) · Universidad de Zaragoza eBooks · doi:10.26754/uz.978-84-18321-37-5 · Cited by 3
Sleep duration and possible cardiovascular risk
Викторович, А. М., Orlova, A. A., & Drapkina, O. M. (2022) · Russian Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.17116/profmed20222507194 · Cited by 2
Epidemiology of Insufficient Sleep
Grandner, M. A. (2022) · Translational medicine research · doi:10.1007/978-94-024-2168-2_5 · Cited by 2
Zhao, M., Chen, T., Huang, C., & Zhong, Q. (2022) · Family Practice · doi:10.1093/fampra/cmac095 · Cited by 2
Shah, A. F., Patil, R. K., & Gupta, R. K. (2022) · International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health · doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20222575 · Cited by 3
Wagner, J. A., Bermúdez‐Millán, A., Buckley, T., Buxton, O. M., Feinn, R., Kong, S., Kuoch, T., Master, L., & Scully, M. F. (2022) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2022.09.011 · Cited by 4
Association between Nighttime Work and HbA1c Levels in South Korea
Lee, Y.-S., Joo, J. H., & Park, E. (2022) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare10101977 · Cited by 4
“for each age group provided in the National Sleep Foundation (NSF) guidelines for 2015, the optimal sleeping time for adults is more than seven hours [31].”
MethodPhysical Exercise, Sleep, and the Brain
Brewer‐Smyth, K. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-08801-8_13 · Cited by 2
Occupational stress and burnout among young surgeons: a review
Dhivakar, S., Rai, A., Sandhu, H., Das, A., Subedi, R. P., & Reddy, K. M. R. (2023) · International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences · doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20230342 · Cited by 2
Autopercepção Negativa de Saúde em Adolescentes durante a Pandemia de Covid-19 e Fatores Associados
Fonseca, A. A., Spósito, G. I., Freitas, R. F., et al. (2023) · Revista Psicologia e Saúde · doi:10.20435/pssa.v14i4.2095 · Cited by 2
“Para fins de análise, essa variável foi recategori-zada em qualidade de sono negativa (ruim e regular) e positiva (boa, muito boa e excelente) (Hirshkowitz et al ., 2015).”
Nighttime medication administration and patient perception of sleep in the intensive care unit
Howell, A., Seung, H., So, J. Y., Schuchardt, J., Ahmed, N., Wilburn, B., & Heavner, M. S. (2023) · JACCP JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY · doi:10.1002/jac5.1795 · Cited by 2
“Certain medications may affect melatonin production that may incite REM sleep suppression, and thereby compound a reduction in the total sleep time.(4) Beta blockers, antibiotics, opioids, benzodiazepines, vasopressors, and cardiac inotropes are believed to be implicated in melatonin alterations and thereby may affect…”
BackgroundInfluentialConfortin, S. C., Santos, I. S., Batista, R. F. L., Éckeli, Á. L., Tovo‐Rodrigues, L., Del‐Ponte, B., Menezes, A. M. B., Wehrmeister, F. C., Gonçalves, H., Cardoso, V. C., et al. (2023) · Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia · doi:10.1590/1980-549720230027 · Cited by 2
Association between Sleep Quality and Body Weight Status in Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Muniandy, Y., & Chin, Y. Y. (2023) · Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences · doi:10.47836/mjmhs.19.1.15 · Cited by 2
Beena, N., Cherian, C. S., & Abraham, J. (2023) · International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics · doi:10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20231485 · Cited by 2
Madrid‐Valero, J. J., Ware, J., Allen, J. M., Boughton, C. K., Hartnell, S., Wilinska, M. E., Thankamony, A., de Beaufort, C. E., Schierloh, U. H. E., Campbell, F., et al. (2023) · Pediatric Diabetes · doi:10.1155/2023/7937007 · Cited by 2
“Te National Sleep Foundation recommends between 7 and 9 hours of sleep in most adults [18], and it has also been suggested that sleep efciency < 85%, sleep latency > 15–30+ minutes, and more than 1 awakening at night are signs of poor sleep quality [19].”
Self-citationFeghali, P. T., Iwamoto, B. K., Triplett, O. M., Rockwood, N., Nelson, T. D., & Dyk, T. R. V. (2023) · Frontiers in Sleep · doi:10.3389/frsle.2023.1154638 · Cited by 2
“For instance, although youth ages 6 to 11 years old should be sleeping ∼9–11 h per night (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015), sleeping a consistent number of hours per night may be just as, or even more important, than sleep duration (Van Dyk et al.”
BackgroundClinical Study of Patients with Vertigo/Dizziness in Childhood
Taki, M., Hasegawa, T., Nakamura, T., et al. (2023) · Equilibrium Research · doi:10.3757/jser.82.173 · Cited by 2
Relação entre duração do sono, sintomas depressivos e estresse em pessoas idosas da comunidade
Alves, É. D. S., Cardoso, J. D. F. Z., Bento, S. R., et al. (2023) · Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria · doi:10.1590/0047-2085000000412 · Cited by 2
“Especificamente indivíduos que dormem uma quantida-de de horas menor que a recomendada apresentam maior chance de estarem estressados e depressivos, sendo o sono um elemento essencial da vida cotidiana e diretamente rela-cionado a aspectos da saúde 4,7,9 .”
BackgroundPark, B., & Yoo, S. (2023) · Korean Journal of Child Studies · doi:10.5723/kjcs.2023.44.3.309 · Cited by 2
Mete, B., & Keskin, L. (2023) · Çukurova medical journal (Online)/Çukurova medical journal · doi:10.17826/cumj.1309925 · Cited by 3
“The National Sleep Foundation currently recommends 7–9 hours of sleep for young adults and 7–8 hours for older adults 1 .”
BackgroundTsai, S.-Y., Lee, W.-T., Lee, C.-C., Jeng, S., & Weng, W. (2023) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.14059 · Cited by 1
“…less than recommended 11 hr for toddlers, 10 hr for preschoolers and 9 hr for school-age children, or CSHQ total sleep disturbance score > 41; Hirshkowitz et al., 2015; Owens et al., 2000; Paruthi et al., 2016), and mothers with poor sleep quality (defined as PSQI global sleep quality score…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialWang, Y., Li, M., & Chen, X. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1246008 · Cited by 2
“Based on the sleep time duration recommended by the National Sleep Foundation, an appropriate sleep duration for healthy older adults should be 7 to 8 h per day (35), with longer or shorter sleeping durations leading to poor health outcomes (16, 17, 19, 36, 37).”
MethodWaters, A. M., Gibson, L., Sluis, R. A., & Modecki, K. L. (2023) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-023-01610-0 · Cited by 3
“…adolescents who sleep between the average recommended sleep durations of 8–10 h on weeknights (short stable sleep, short increasing sleep), it was hypothesised that increases, decreases, or stable sleep over the weekend would not be associated with differential anxiety or depression symptoms [6].”
InfluentialJung, S., & Nam, J. Y. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11212889 · Cited by 2
Transcending the gender distribution of work: committed time, activity substitution, and leisure
Jara-Diaz, S. R., Morales, M., & Astroza, S. (2023) · Transportation · doi:10.1007/s11116-023-10438-5 · Cited by 2
Sleep alterations following elective shoulder surgery: A systematic review
Karimi, A. H., Langberg, J., & Stone, M. A. (2023) · Shoulder & Elbow · doi:10.1177/17585732231220342 · Cited by 2
“29 Sleep disturbances are a typical complaint in individuals with a variety of shoulder conditions.”
de Oliveira, P. M. B., Lima, M. D. O., Marinho, P. D. M., da Silveira, J. A. C., de Menezes, R. C. E., & Longo‐Silva, G. (2023) · Revista Paulista de Pediatria · doi:10.1590/1984-0462/2024/42/2023058 · Cited by 2
“2,3,5,6 This condition of sleep restriction, expressed by the short duration of sleep or insufficient daily sleep, is associated with deleterious critical aspects related to health, such as worse emotional regulation, impaired physical and cognitive growth, and excess body adiposity resulting from…”
BackgroundSilva, A. J., Mosteo, L. P., & Rueff-Lopes, R. (2023) · International journal of organizational analysis · doi:10.1108/ijoa-07-2023-3832 · Cited by 2
Eremita, M. D. S., & Chitra, J. (2024) · Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences · doi:10.4103/amhs.amhs_149_23 · Cited by 3
Kechribari, I., Kontogianni, M. D., Georgoulis, M., et al. (2024) · Life · doi:10.3390/life14020275 · Cited by 2
“Participants’ typical nighttime sleep duration (in hours) was categorized as short ( ≤ 6 h), adequate (7–9 h), or long (>9 h) [16].”
BackgroundBraimah, J. A., Agyemang‐Duah, W., Amoak, D., Batung, E. S., Kansanga, M. M., & Kyeremeh, E. (2024) · Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition · doi:10.1080/19320248.2024.2314185 · Cited by 2
“2 Consistent with the Canadian guidelines on sleep, the National Sleep Foundation (NSF), following a systematic review by an expert panel, 3 recommends a sleep duration of 7–9 hours for young adults and adults for optimal health.”
Influentialİnsan Sağlığında Koruyucu Yaklaşımlar
Yücel, H., Özgöbek, H. R., Toptaner, N. E., Kolcu, M., Korkmaz, N., Ünveren, Y., Aracı, A., Uzlaşır, S., Sari, M. E., KILINÇ, H. E., et al. (2022) · Akademisyen Kitabevi eBooks · doi:10.37609/akya.944 · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Hirshkowitz, M., Whiton, K., Albert, S. M., Alessi, C., Bruni, O., DonCarlos, L., Hazen, N., Herman, J., Katz, E. S., Kheirandish-Gozal, L., Neubauer, D. N., O’Donnell, A. E., Ohayon, M., Peever, J., Rawding, R., Sachdeva, R. C., Setters, B., Vitiello, M. V., Ware, J. C., & Adams Hillard, P. J.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- National Sleep Foundation (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Loyola University Chicago (US)
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Georgetown University Medical Center (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Gannon University (US)
- American Academy of Pediatrics (US)
- University of Louisville (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Eastern Virginia Medical School (US)
- Corresponding author
- Whiton, Kaitlyn
- ORCID
- Venue
- Sleep Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-03
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 40-43
- ISSN
- 2352-7218 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2088948024
- Semantic Scholar
- 4e3e4c046d6e7145de63397f3a9872f2506375b8
- Cited by
- 4,404
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 396 · 2025: 539 · 2024: 506 · 2023: 502 · 2022: 539 · 2021: 497 · 2020: 392 · 2019: 352 · 2018: 283 · 2017: 184 · 2016: 160 · 2015: 47
- FWCI
- 338.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Sleep Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Thoracic Society
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method, sleep disorders
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