Quantitative genetic research on sleep: a review of normal sleep, sleep disturbances and associated emotional, behavioural, and health-related difficulties
Abstract
Over the past 50 years, well over 100 twin studies have focussed on understanding factors contributing to variability in normal sleep-wake characteristics and sleep disturbances. Whilst we have gained a great deal from these studies, there is still much to be learnt. Twin studies can be used in multiple ways to answer questions beyond simply estimating heritability. This paper provides a comprehensive review of some of the most important findings from twin studies relating to sleep to date, with a focus on studies investigating genetic and environmental influences contributing to i) objective and subjective measures of normal sleep characteristics (e.g., sleep stage organisation, sleep quality); as well as sleep disturbances and disorders such as dyssomnias (e.g., insomnia, narcolepsy) and parasomnias (e.g., sleepwalking, bruxism); ii) the persistence of sleep problems from childhood to adulthood, and the possibility that the aetiological influences on sleep change with age; iii) the associations between sleep disturbances, emotional, behavioural and health-related problems; and iv) processes of gene-environment correlation and interaction. We highlight avenues for further research, emphasising the need to further consider the aetiology of longitudinal associations between sleep disturbances and psychopathology; the genetic and environmental overlap between sleep and numerous phenotypes; and processes of gene-environment interplay and epigenetics.
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Morningness-eveningness is estimated to be about 50% heritable.
“Morningness–eveningness is estimated to be about 50% heritable.129”
From Circadian rhythms, sleep deprivation, and human performance (2013) · cites this paper as [129]
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Circadian rhythms, sleep deprivation, and human performance
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- Authors
- Barclay, N. L., & Gregory, A. M.
- Affiliations
- University of London (GB)
- Venue
- Sleep Medicine Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-02
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 29-40
- ISSN
- 1087-0792 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2171161022
- Cited by
- 143
- References
- 121
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Sleep Medicine Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Goldsmiths (University of London) (acceptedVersion)
- Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- sleep genetics, twin studies, sleep disorders, dyssomnia, insomnia, narcolepsy, parasomnias, sleepwalking, bruxism, sleep quality, gene-environment interaction, gene-environment correlation, epigenetics
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Diseases in Twins, Emotions, Genotype, Health Status Indicators, Humans, Phenotype, Sleep, Sleep Wake Disorders, Social Behavior, Polysomnography, Twin Studies as Topic, Genetic Research, Epigenesis, Genetic, Gene-Environment Interaction
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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