Circadian rhythms, sleep deprivation, and human performance
Open accessAbstract
Much of the current science on, and mathematical modeling of, dynamic changes in human performance within and between days is dominated by the two-process model of sleep–wake regulation, which posits a neurobiological drive for sleep that varies homeostatically (increasing as a saturating exponential during wakefulness and decreasing in a like manner during sleep), and a circadian process that neurobiologically modulates both the homeostatic drive for sleep and waking alertness and performance. Endogenous circadian rhythms in neurobehavioral functions, including physiological alertness and cognitive performance, have been demonstrated using special laboratory protocols that reveal the interaction of the biological clock with the sleep homeostatic drive. Individual differences in circadian rhythms and genetic and other components underlying such differences also influence waking neurobehavioral functions. Both acute total sleep deprivation and chronic sleep restriction increase homeostatic sleep drive and degrade waking neurobehavioral functions as reflected in sleepiness, attention, cognitive speed, and memory. Recent evidence indicating a high degree of stability in neurobehavioral responses to sleep loss suggests that these trait-like individual differences are phenotypic and likely involve genetic components, including circadian genes. Recent experiments have revealed both sleep homeostatic and circadian effects on brain metabolism and neural activation. Investigation of the neural and genetic mechanisms underlying the dynamically complex interaction between sleep homeostasis and circadian systems is beginning. A key goal of this work is to identify biomarkers that accurately predict human performance in situations in which the circadian and sleep homeostatic systems are perturbed.
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This review synthesizes evidence on how circadian rhythms, sleep homeostasis, and masking factors jointly shape human alertness and cognitive performance, with particular attention to the two-process model and its limits under chronic sleep restriction. It also reviews interindividual differences, genetic markers, and neuroimaging findings, concluding that biomarkers predicting performance under circadian/sleep perturbation remain a high priority.
Key findings
- The two-process model (homeostatic process S plus circadian process C) explains acute total sleep deprivation but fails to predict escalating vigilant-attention declines under chronic sleep restriction; forced desynchrony studies show the interaction is nonlinear and nonadditive.
- Chronic sleep loss is common: 35–40% of the adult US population report sleeping less than 7 h on weekday nights; shift work affects approximately one out of five working Americans, with 15% of full-time salaried workers usually working shifts that include nights; the International Agency for Research on Cancer concluded in 2007 that shift work involving circadian disruption is probably carcinogenic to humans.
- The McCauley et al. model predicts a critical daily wake duration of 20.2 h; daily wake above ca. 15.8 h but below 20.2 h (total sleep time 3.8–8.2 h) converges to stable performance deficits, whereas above 20.2 h performance impairments escalate; a single night of recovery sleep is predicted and experimentally confirmed to be inadequate after prolonged sleep restriction.
- Trait-like individual differences are large: intraclass correlation coefficients account for 50–90% of the variance in neurobehavioral measures after acute total sleep deprivation; in monozygotic twins, 56.2% of total variance was due to between-pair variance versus 14.5% in dizygotic twins; morningness–eveningness is estimated to be about 50% heritable.
Methods
- The paper is a narrative review; it does not report a systematic search strategy, inclusion criteria, or meta-analysis.
- It synthesizes human laboratory protocols (constant routine, forced desynchrony), acute total and chronic partial sleep deprivation/restriction studies, chronotype and clock-gene association studies, and neuroimaging methods including PET, BOLD fMRI, arterial spin-labeled perfusion fMRI, and resting-state functional connectivity fMRI.
- The main analysis is a qualitative integration of findings around the two-process model, interindividual variability, and neural/genetic mechanisms.
Limitations
- Stated: the two-process model fails to adequately predict chronic sleep-restriction effects; the circadian and homeostatic interaction is nonlinear/nonadditive, making relative contributions difficult or impossible to quantify and variable across conditions and subjects.
- Stated: task-related BOLD fMRI measures only relative signal changes, lacks absolute quantification, and cannot easily dissociate sleep loss, time-of-day, or circadian effects on brain function from behavioral performance confounds; few neuroimaging studies have examined chronic partial sleep loss and recovery.
- Stated: genetic associations (e.g., CLOCK 3111C, PER3 VNTR) are inconsistent and need replication, and in vitro fibroblast rhythms do not necessarily correlate with in vivo physiological rhythms. Evident from the text: as a narrative review, no systematic methods or risk-of-bias assessment are reported.
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Cites
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Claims the paper makes
0 of 59 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged
- Premisecitation
Chronic sleep restriction can reach levels of deficit equivalent to total sleep loss when the sleep restriction is severe enough (i.e., consecutive days of restricted sleep continue long enough).
“but the former can reach levels of deficit equivalent to total sleep loss when the sleep restriction is severe enough (i.e., the consecutive days of restricted sleep continue long enough).10,32”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites [10] Belenky G Wesensten NJ Thorne DR Patterns of performance degradation and restoration during sleep restriction and subsequent recovery: a sleep dose–response study J Sleep Res 2003 12 1 12 12603781 source
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- cites [32] Van Dongen HP Maislin G Mullington JM Dinges DF The cumulative cost of additional wakefulness: dose–response effects on neurobehavioral functions and sleep physiology from chronic sleep restriction and total sleep deprivation Sleep 2003 26 117 126 12683469 source
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- Premisecitation
The two-process model of sleep-wake regulation consists of a homeostatic process (S) and a circadian process (C) that combine to determine the timing of sleep onset and offset.
“The model consists of a homeostatic process (S) and a circadian process (C), which combine to determine the timing of sleep onset and offset.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked- cites [20] Borbély AA A two-process model of sleep regulation Hum Neurobiol 1982 1 195 204 7185792
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- cites [21] Daan S Beersma DGM Borbély AA Timing of human sleep: recovery process gated by a circadian pacemaker Am J Physiol 1984 246 R161 R178 6696142
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- cites [22] Achermann P Borbély AA Simulation of daytime vigilance by the additive interaction of a homeostatic and a circadian process Biol Cybern 1994 71 115 121 8068773 source
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- Premisecitation
There are large and highly replicable, trait-like individual differences in the magnitude of fatigue, sleepiness, sleep homeostatic, and cognitive performance vulnerability to acute total sleep deprivation and to chronic sleep restriction.
“We have repeatedly demonstrated that there are large and highly replicable, trait-like individual differences in the magnitude of fatigue, sleepiness, sleep homeostatic, and cognitive performance vulnerability to acute total sleep deprivation170,171 and to chronic sleep restriction.32,148,172,173”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 6 sources checked- cites [170] Van Dongen HPA Baynard MD Maislin G Dinges DF Systematic interindividual differences in neurobehavioral impairment from sleep loss: evidence of trait-like differential vulnerability Sleep 2004 27 423 433 15164894
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- cites [171] Van Dongen HP Maislin G Dinges DF Dealing with interindividual differences in the temporal dynamics of fatigue and performance: importance and techniques Aviat Space Environ Med 2004 75 A147 A154 15018277
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- cites [32] Van Dongen HP Maislin G Mullington JM Dinges DF The cumulative cost of additional wakefulness: dose–response effects on neurobehavioral functions and sleep physiology from chronic sleep restriction and total sleep deprivation Sleep 2003 26 117 126 12683469 source
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- cites [148] Goel N Banks S Mignot E Dinges DF PER3 polymorphism predicts cumulative sleep homeostatic but not neurobehavioral changes to chronic partial sleep deprivation PLoS One 2009 4 e5874 19516903 PMC2689932 source
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- cites [172] Goel N Banks S Mignot E Dinges DF DQB1*0602 predicts interindividual differences in physiologic sleep, sleepiness and fatigue Neurology 2010 75 1509 1519 20975052 PMC2974463 source
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- cites [173] Goel N Banks S Lin L Mignot E Dinges DF Catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism associates with individual differences in sleep physiologic responses to chronic sleep loss PLoS One 2011 6 e29283 22216231 PMC3246458 source
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- Premisecitation
Morningness-eveningness is estimated to be about 50% heritable.
“Morningness–eveningness is estimated to be about 50% heritable.129”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [129] Barclay NL Gregory AM Quantitative genetic research on sleep: a review of normal sleep, sleep disturbances and associated emotional, behavioural, and health-related difficulties Sleep Med Rev 2013 17 29 40 22560641 source
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- Premisecitation
Forced desynchrony protocols reveal the variance in neurobehavioral functions attributable primarily to endogenous circadian control and the variance attributable primarily to the sleep homeostatic drive.
“Recent forced desynchrony protocols, which serve to experimentally reveal the variance in neurobehavioral functions attributable primarily to endogenous circadian control and the variance attributable primarily to the sleep homeostatic drive, have revealed that circadian dynamics can expose large neurobehavioral vulnerability during chronic sleep restriction.26,27”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites [26] Cohen DA Wang W Wyatt JK Uncovering residual effects of chronic sleep loss on human performance Sci Transl Med 2010 2 14ra13 PMC2892834 20371466 source
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- cites [27] Zhou X Ferguson SA Matthews RW Sleep, wake and phase dependent changes in neurobehavioral function under forced desynchrony Sleep 2011 34 931 941 21731143 PMC3119835
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- Interpretationreasoning
Neurobehavioral measures reflect to varying degrees a combination of endogenous circadian rhythmicity, sleep homeostatic drive, and masking effects interacting to produce behavioral outcomes.
“Therefore, neurobehavioral measures reflect to varying degrees a combination of endogenous circadian rhythmicity, sleep homeostatic drive, and masking effects interacting to produce behavioral outcomes.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Premisecitation
Chronic sleep restriction produces less severe neurobehavioral effects than acute total sleep deprivation.
“The neurobehavioral effects of chronic sleep restriction are less severe than those observed after acute total sleep deprivation”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites [10] Belenky G Wesensten NJ Thorne DR Patterns of performance degradation and restoration during sleep restriction and subsequent recovery: a sleep dose–response study J Sleep Res 2003 12 1 12 12603781 source
Not checked in the free run.
- cites [32] Van Dongen HP Maislin G Mullington JM Dinges DF The cumulative cost of additional wakefulness: dose–response effects on neurobehavioral functions and sleep physiology from chronic sleep restriction and total sleep deprivation Sleep 2003 26 117 126 12683469 source
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- Premisecitation
Sleep restriction induces decreased vigilant attention, as measured by the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT), most prominently during circadian night, even with short prior wake duration.
“These studies demonstrated that sleep restriction induced decreased vigilant attention, as measured by the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT),25 most prominently during circadian night, even with short prior wake duration.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [25] Lim J Dinges DF Sleep deprivation and vigilant attention Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008 1129 305 322 18591490 source
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- Premisecitation
A single recovery night of up to 10 h time in bed is insufficient for some behavioral functions to return to prerestriction levels after chronic sleep restriction.
“a single recovery night of up to 10 h time in bed is insufficient for some behavioral functions to return to prerestriction levels.33”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [33] Banks S Van Dongen HP Maislin G Dinges DF Neurobehavioral dynamics following chronic sleep restriction: dose–response effects of one night of recovery Sleep 2010 33 1013 1026 20815182 PMC2910531 source
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- Premisecitation
Vigilant attention performance and psychomotor speed, as assessed with the PVT, are affected early and progressively more severely by sleep deprivation.
“Vigilant attention performance and psychomotor speed, as assessed with the PVT, are affected early and progressively more severely by sleep deprivation.86,166”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites [86] Basner M Dinges DF Maximizing sensitivity of the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) to sleep loss Sleep 2011 34 581 591 21532951 PMC3079937 source
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- cites [166] Basner M Mollicone DJ Dinges DF Validity and sensitivity of a brief Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT-B) to total and partial sleep deprivation Acta Astronaut 2011 69 949 959 22025811 PMC3197786 source
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- Interpretationreasoning
The phenotype of sleep deprivation vulnerability, like chronotype, may be polygenetic.
“which suggests the phenotype, like chronotype, may be polygenetic.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Interpretationcitation
The response to acute total sleep deprivation is a highly stable, genetically determined trait.
“indicating that the response to acute total sleep deprivation is a highly stable, genetically determined trait.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [182] Kuna ST Maislin G Pack FM Heritability of performance deficit accumulation during acute sleep deprivation in twins Sleep 2012 35 1223 1233 22942500 PMC3413799
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- Interpretationreasoning
Specific candidate genes may play different roles in the degree of vulnerability and/or resilience to the neurobehavioral and homeostatic effects of acute total sleep deprivation and chronic sleep restriction.
“Because of reported differences in behavioral, sleep homeostatic, and physiological responses to chronic sleep restriction and acute total sleep deprivation, specific candidate genes may play different roles in the degree of vulnerability and/or resilience to the neurobehavioral and homeostatic effects of acute total sleep deprivation and chronic sleep restriction.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Premisecitation
The PER3 VNTR polymorphism has been associated with individual differences in sleep homeostatic and executive performance responses to acute total sleep deprivation.
“the PER3 VNTR polymorphism has been associated with individual differences in sleep homeostatic and executive performance responses to acute total sleep deprivation.143,144”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites [143] Viola AU Archer SN James LM PER3 polymorphism predicts sleep structure and waking performance Curr Biol 2007 17 613 618 17346965 source
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- cites [144] Groeger JA Viola AU Lo JC von Schantz M Archer SN Dijk DJ Early morning executive functioning during sleep deprivation is compromised by a PERIOD3 polymorphism Sleep 2008 31 1159 1167 18714788 PMC2542962
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- Premisecitation
BOLD fMRI studies have shown significant time-of-day effects on brain activation when subjects performed various neurocognitive tasks.
“However, BOLD f MRI studies have shown significant time-of--day effects on brain activation when subjects performed various neurocognitive tasks.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Interpretationcitation
The stable, trait-like inter-individual differences in response to acute total sleep deprivation point to underlying genetic components.
“The stable, trait-like inter-individual differences observed in response to acute total sleep deprivation—with intraclass correlation coefficients accounting for 50–90% of the variance in neurobehavioral measures170,171—point to underlying genetic components.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites [170] Van Dongen HPA Baynard MD Maislin G Dinges DF Systematic interindividual differences in neurobehavioral impairment from sleep loss: evidence of trait-like differential vulnerability Sleep 2004 27 423 433 15164894
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- cites [171] Van Dongen HP Maislin G Dinges DF Dealing with interindividual differences in the temporal dynamics of fatigue and performance: importance and techniques Aviat Space Environ Med 2004 75 A147 A154 15018277
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- Premisecitation
PET studies of sleep deprivation have consistently reported significant reductions in metabolic rates in the thalamic, parietal, and prefrontal regions after sleep loss, which correlated with declines of cognitive performance and alertness.
“PET studies of sleep deprivation have consistently reported significant reductions in metabolic rates in the thalamic, parietal, and prefrontal regions after sleep loss, which correlated with declines of cognitive performance and alertness.186–189”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 4 sources checked- cites [186] Wu JC Gillin JC Buchsbaum MS The effect of sleep deprivation on cerebral glucose metabolic rate in normal humans assessed with positron emission tomography Sleep 1991 14 155 162 1866529
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- cites [187] Wu JC Gillin JC Buchsbaum MS Frontal lobe metabolic decreases with sleep deprivation not totally reversed by recovery sleep Neuropsychopharmacology 2006 31 2783 2792 16880772 source
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- cites [188] Thomas M Sing H Belenky G Neural basis of alertness and cognitive performance impairments during sleepiness. I. Effects of 24 h of sleep deprivation on waking human regional brain activity J Sleep Res 2000 9 335 352 11123521 source
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- cites [189] Thomas M Sing H Belenky G Neural basis of alertness and cognitive performance impairments during sleepiness II. Effects of 48 and 72 h of sleep deprivation on waking human regional brain activity Thalamus Relat Syst 2003 2 199 229 11123521 source
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- Premisecitation
Sleep deprivation reduced resting functional connectivity within the default mode network (DMN) and between DMN and its anticorrelated network.
“Both studies found that sleep deprivation reduced resting functional connectivity within the default mode network (DMN) and between DMN and its anticorrelated network”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites [253] Sämann PG Tully C Spoormaker VI Increased sleep pressure reduces resting state functional connectivity MAGMA 2010 23 375 389 20473549 source
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- cites [254] De Havas JA Parimal S Soon CS Chee MW Sleep deprivation reduces default mode network connectivity and anti-correlation during rest and task performance Neuroimage 2012 59 1745 1751 21872664 source
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- Premisecitation
The catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism predicted individual differences in sleep homeostatic responses to chronic sleep restriction.
“we found that the catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism predicted individual differences in sleep homeostatic responses to chronic sleep restriction,173”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [173] Goel N Banks S Lin L Mignot E Dinges DF Catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism associates with individual differences in sleep physiologic responses to chronic sleep loss PLoS One 2011 6 e29283 22216231 PMC3246458 source
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- Premisecitation
Phenotypic responses to sleep deprivation occur as a normal distribution.
“studies from our laboratory and others indicate these phenotypic responses occur as a normal distribution,170,175”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites [170] Van Dongen HPA Baynard MD Maislin G Dinges DF Systematic interindividual differences in neurobehavioral impairment from sleep loss: evidence of trait-like differential vulnerability Sleep 2004 27 423 433 15164894
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- cites [175] Rupp TL Wesensten NJ Balkin TJ Trait-like vulnerability to total and partial sleep loss Sleep 2012 35 1163 1172 22851812 PMC3397820 source
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- Premisecitation
Prediction of individual differences in sleep homeostatic responses by the catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism has not been shown for acute total sleep deprivation.
“but such prediction has not been shown to acute total sleep deprivation.185”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [185] Bodenmann S Xu S Luhmann U Pharmacogenetics of modafinil after sleep loss: catechol-O-methyltransferase genotype modulates waking functions but not recovery sleep Clin Pharmacol Ther 2009 85 296 304 19037200 source
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- Premisecitation
Stable, trait-like inter-individual differences observed in response to acute total sleep deprivation have intraclass correlation coefficients accounting for 50-90% of the variance in neurobehavioral measures.
“The stable, trait-like inter-individual differences observed in response to acute total sleep deprivation—with intraclass correlation coefficients accounting for 50–90% of the variance in neurobehavioral measures170,171—point to underlying genetic components.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites [170] Van Dongen HPA Baynard MD Maislin G Dinges DF Systematic interindividual differences in neurobehavioral impairment from sleep loss: evidence of trait-like differential vulnerability Sleep 2004 27 423 433 15164894
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- cites [171] Van Dongen HP Maislin G Dinges DF Dealing with interindividual differences in the temporal dynamics of fatigue and performance: importance and techniques Aviat Space Environ Med 2004 75 A147 A154 15018277
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- Premisecitation
Psychometric scales have not reliably identified cognitively vulnerable individuals.
“Moreover, psychometric scales have not reliably identified cognitively vulnerable individuals.181”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [181] Goel N Genetics of sleep timing, duration and homeostasis in humans Sleep Med Clin 2011 6 171 182 23450791 PMC3582029 source
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- Interpretationcitation
The pattern of reduced frontoparietal activation in vulnerable individuals and increased parietal activation in resilient individuals suggests a potential neurobiological compensatory mechanism in some individuals.
“suggesting a potential neurobiological compensatory mechanism in some individuals.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationreasoning
Reduced brain functional connectivity may be a precursor to behavioral impairments from sleep loss.
“suggesting that reduced brain functional connectivity may be a precursor to behavioral impairments from sleep loss.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Premisecitation
Data from unrelated individuals indicate that common genetic polymorphisms involved in sleep-wake, circadian, and cognitive regulation may underlie large interindividual differences in neurobehavioral vulnerability to sleep deprivation in healthy adults.
“Indeed, data from unrelated individuals further indicate that common genetic polymorphisms involved in sleep–wake, circadian, and cognitive regulation may underlie these large interindividual differences in neurobehavioral vulnerability to sleep deprivation in healthy adults.164,181,183”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked- cites [164] Goel N Rao H Durmer JS Dinges DF Neurocognitive consequences of sleep deprivation Semin Neurol 2009 29 320 339 19742409 PMC3564638 source
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- cites [181] Goel N Genetics of sleep timing, duration and homeostasis in humans Sleep Med Clin 2011 6 171 182 23450791 PMC3582029 source
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- cites [183] Goel N Dinges DF Predicting risk in space: genetic markers for differential vulnerability to sleep restriction Acta Astronaut 2012 77 207 213 23524958 PMC3602842 source
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- May combine two claims. 14
- Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 3
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationCircadian variation in performance is most evident when sleep loss is present, and sleep loss has its largest effects on attention, working memory, and cognitive throughput.
“Circadian variation in performance is most evident when sleep loss is present, and sleep loss has its largest effects on attention, working memory, and cognitive throughput.39”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [39] Lim J Dinges DF A meta-analysis of the impact of short-term sleep deprivation on cognitive variables Psychol Bull 2010 136 375 389 20438143 PMC3290659 source
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Premisenone givenThe homeostatic process represents a drive for sleep that increases as a saturating exponential during wakefulness and decreases as a saturating exponential during sleep.
“The homeostatic process represents the drive for sleep that increases as a saturating exponential during wakefulness (as can be observed when wakefulness is maintained beyond habitual bedtime into the night and subsequent day) and decreases as a saturating exponential during sleep (which represents recuperation obtained from sleep).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
PremisecitationSleep deprivation affects a wide range of cognitive domains (including attention, working memory, abstraction, and decision making) and results in decreases in both the encoding of new information and memory consolidation.
“Sleep deprivation affects a wide range of cognitive domains (including attention, working memory, abstraction, and decision making) and results in decreases in both the encoding of new information and memory consolidation.165”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [165] Diekelmann S Born J The memory function of sleep Nat Rev Neurosci 2010 11 114 126 20046194 source
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PremisecitationHealthy adults show interindividual differences in the free-running circadian period (tau), which shows robust stability within individuals.
“Healthy adults show interindividual differences in the free-running circadian period (tau),94–98 which shows robust stability within individuals.97”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 5 sources checked- cites [94] Czeisler CA Duffy JF Shanahan TL Stability, precision, and near-24-hour period of the human circadian pacemaker Science 1999 284 2177 2181 10381883 source
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- cites [95] Smith MR Burgess HJ Fogg LF Eastman CI Racial differences in the human endogenous circadian period PLoS One 2009 4 e6014 19564915 PMC2699031 source
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- cites [96] Lázár AS Santhi N Hasan S Circadian period and the timing of melatonin onset in men and women: predictors of sleep during the weekend and in the laboratory J Sleep Res 2013 22 155 159 23216995 source
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- cites [97] Hasan S Santhi N Lázár AS Assessment of circadian rhythms in humans: comparison of real-time fibroblast reporter imaging with plasma melatonin FASEB J 2012 26 2414 2423 22371527 PMC3360144 source
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- cites [98] Chang AM Buch AM Bradstreet DS Klements DJ Duffy JF Human diurnal preference and circadian rhythmicity are not associated with the CLOCK 3111C/T gene polymorphism J Biol Rhythms 2011 26 276 279 21628555 PMC3689429 source
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Classified as probably not a substantial claim.
PremisereasoningThe circadian process represents daily oscillatory modulation of the threshold levels for sleep and wakefulness.
“The circadian process represents daily oscillatory modulation of these threshold levels.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
InterpretationreasoningThe two-process model has been very successful in explaining changes in neurobehavioral performance in acute total sleep deprivation paradigms, but it fails to adequately predict the escalating declines in vigilant attention observed under chronic sleep-restriction conditions.
“Thus, while the two-process model has been very successful in explaining changes in neurobehavioral performance in acute total sleep deprivation paradigms, it fails to adequately predict the escalating declines in vigilant attention observed under chronic sleep-restriction conditions.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
PremisecitationSome individuals are highly vulnerable to neurobehavioral performance deficits when sleep deprived, others demonstrate remarkable neurobehavioral resistance to sleep loss, and others show intermediate responses.
“Some individuals are highly vulnerable to neurobehavioral performance deficits when sleep deprived, others demonstrate remarkable levels of neurobehavioral resistance to sleep loss, and others show intermediate responses.171,174”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites [171] Van Dongen HP Maislin G Dinges DF Dealing with interindividual differences in the temporal dynamics of fatigue and performance: importance and techniques Aviat Space Environ Med 2004 75 A147 A154 15018277
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- cites [174] Goel N Dinges DF Behavioral and genetic markers of sleepiness J Clin Sleep Med 2011 7 S19 S21 22003324 PMC3190416 source
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PremisecitationVarying the amount of baseline nightly sleep prior to chronic sleep restriction affects both the rate at which alertness is degraded and the rate at which deficits are reversed by repeated nights of recovery sleep.
“who varied the amount of baseline nightly sleep prior to chronic sleep restriction and found that it affected both the rate at which alertness was degraded and the rate at which deficits were reversed by repeated nights of recovery sleep.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [169] Rupp TL Wesensten NJ Bliese PD Balkin TJ Banking sleep: realization of benefits during subsequent sleep restriction and recovery Sleep 2009 32 311 321 19294951 PMC2647785 source
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PremisecitationIndividuals cognitively vulnerable to sleep deprivation showed reduced frontoparietal activation, while resilient individuals showed increased parietal activation associated with lapses of attention during total sleep deprivation.
“Individuals cognitively vulnerable to sleep deprivation showed reduced frontoparietal activation, while resilient individuals showed increased parietal activation associated with lapses of attention during total sleep deprivation201”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [201] Chee MWL Tan JC Lapsing when sleep deprived: neural activation characteristics of resistant and vulnerable individuals Neuroimage 2010 51 835 843 20171288 source
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Premiseown dataThe PER3 VNTR polymorphism related to individual differences in sleep homeostatic responses, but not cognitive performance responses, to chronic sleep restriction.
“We showed that this polymorphism related to individual differences in sleep homeostatic responses, but not cognitive performance responses to chronic sleep restriction.148”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [148] Goel N Banks S Mignot E Dinges DF PER3 polymorphism predicts cumulative sleep homeostatic but not neurobehavioral changes to chronic partial sleep deprivation PLoS One 2009 4 e5874 19516903 PMC2689932 source
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Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
InterpretationreasoningIt remains unclear whether the same individuals vulnerable to the adverse neurobehavioral effects of chronic sleep restriction are also vulnerable to acute total sleep deprivation.
“It remains unclear, however, whether the same individuals vulnerable to the adverse neurobehavioral effects of chronic sleep restriction are also vulnerable to acute total sleep deprivation.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
InterpretationreasoningInterindividual differences in circadian parameters, especially phase, and differential vulnerability to sleep loss also markedly affect neurobehavioral responses, suggesting genetic underpinnings.
“Moreover, interindividual differences in circadian parameters, especially phase, and differential vulnerability to sleep loss also markedly affect neurobehavioral responses, suggesting genetic underpinnings.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Interpretationnone givenThe reasons for differential neurobehavioral vulnerabilities to sleep loss are unknown and have not been accounted for by demographic factors, IQ, or sleep need.
“The reasons for differential neurobehavioral vulnerabilities to sleep loss are unknown, and thus far have not been accounted for by demographic factors, IQ, or sleep need.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
InterpretationreasoningStudies that systematically examined the same subjects in both chronic sleep restriction and acute total sleep deprivation reported inconsistent results, likely due to small sample sizes, different populations, varying doses of sleep restriction, and different outcome measures.
“These studies reported inconsistent results, likely due to small sample sizes, different populations, varying doses of sleep restriction, and different outcome measures.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 5 sources checked- cites [167] Lo JC Groeger JA Santhi N Effects of partial and acute total sleep deprivation on performance across cognitive domains, individuals and circadian phase PLoS One 2012 7 e45987 23029352 PMC3454374 source
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- cites [175] Rupp TL Wesensten NJ Balkin TJ Trait-like vulnerability to total and partial sleep loss Sleep 2012 35 1163 1172 22851812 PMC3397820 source
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- cites [178] Tassi P Schimchowitsch S Rohmer O Effects of acute and chronic sleep deprivation on daytime alertness and cognitive performance of healthy snorers and non-snorers Sleep Med 2012 13 29 35 22177345 source
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- cites [179] Philip P Sagaspe P Prague M Acute versus chronic partial sleep deprivation in middle-aged people: differential effect on performance and sleepiness Sleep 2012 35 997 1002 22754046 PMC3369235 source
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- cites [180] Drake CL Roehrs TA Burduvali E Bonahoom A Rosekind M Roth T Effects of rapid versus slow accumulation of eight hours of sleep loss Psychophysiology 2001 38 979 987 12240674 source
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Interpretationnone givenThe sleep homeostat and neurobehavioral performance are affected by acute total sleep deprivation and chronic sleep restriction, although the two forms of sleep loss likely differentially affect neural and behavioral responses.
“The sleep homeostat and neurobehavioral performance are affected by acute total sleep deprivation and chronic sleep restriction, although the two forms of sleep loss likely differentially affect neural and behavioral responses.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
PremisecitationIn monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs, 56.2% of the total variance in monozygotic twins was due to variance between pairs whereas only 14.5% of the total variance in dizygotic twins was due to variance between pairs.
“56.2% of the total variance in the monozygotic twins was due to variance between pairs whereas only 14.5% of the total variance in dizygotic twins was due to variance between pairs (Fig. 7.3)”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [182] Kuna ST Maislin G Pack FM Heritability of performance deficit accumulation during acute sleep deprivation in twins Sleep 2012 35 1223 1233 22942500 PMC3413799
Not checked in the free run.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).
Interpretationnone givenThe circadian drive for wakefulness, the homeostatic drive for sleep, and masking factors simultaneously interact to affect neurobehavioral functioning.
“The circadian drive for wakefulness, the homeostatic drive for sleep, and masking factors simultaneously interact to affect neurobehavioral functioning.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
The paper relies on this without support.
The biological clock that modulates the timing of sleep and wakefulness is located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the anterior hypothalamus.
“The endogenous circadian regulating system (i.e., biological clock) that modulates the timing of both sleep and wakefulness is located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Sleep deprivation leads to cognitive impairment and reduced attention.
“sleep deprivation leads to cognitive impairment and reduced attention(43-46).”
From Sleep: important considerations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (2016) · cites this paper as [43]
Genetic variants may underlie some interindividual and interethnic differences in the period of the endogenous circadian cycle that manifest as differences in chronotype.
“Such genetic variants may underlie some of the interindividual (44) and interethnic differences (45) in the period (or τ) of the endogenous circadian cycle that manifest themselves as differences in chronotype.”
From Chronotype: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies on Chrono-Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health (2019) · cites this paper as [44]
Sleep is a vital biological function that directly impacts physical and mental health.
“Sleep is a vital biological function that directly impacts physical and mental health [14,15].”
From Mental Health of Canadian Firefighters: The Impact of Sleep (2021) · cites this paper as [14]
Insufficient sleep (e.g., less than 4-6 h per night) increases the risk of death by suicide, mortality, cardiovascular disease, depression, diabetes, decreases immune system functioning, and has a negative impact on cognition.
“Insufficient sleep (e.g., less than 4–6 h per night) increases the risk of death by suicide [7,17], mortality, cardiovascular disease, depression, diabetes, decreases immune system functioning, and has a negative impact on cognition [14,18].”
From Mental Health of Canadian Firefighters: The Impact of Sleep (2021) · cites this paper as [14]
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“The genetic basis of DSPD and ASPD related to phenotypic chronotype has been investigated in recent years, both demonstrating links to core clock genes.(130,153,154) DSPD, themost commonCRSD in the general population,”
Effects of Light on Cognitive Brain Responses Depend on Circadian Phase and Sleep Homeostasis
Vandewalle, G., Archer, S. N., Wuillaume, C., Balteau, E., Degueldre, C., Luxen, A., Dijk, D., & Maquet, P. (2011) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/0748730411401736 · Cited by 120 · cited 1× · see citing works
“authors also reported that blue light increased brain responses in the frontoparietal regions only in PER3 individuals in the morning after one night of normal sleep, while blue light increased brain responses in the thalamic and frontoparietal regions only in PER3 individuals in the morning after one night of total s…”
Chronotype and Sex Effects on Sleep Architecture and Quantitative Sleep EEG in Healthy Young Adults
Mongrain, V., Carrier, J. C., & Dumont, M. (2005) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/28.7.819 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Circadian Rhythms in Sleepiness, Alertness, and Performance
Minkel, J. D., & Dinges, D. F. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-008045046-9.01622-3 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-citationRacial differences in the human endogenous circadian period
Smith, M. R., Burgess, H. J., Fogg, L. F., & Eastman, C. I. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006014 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Assessment of circadian function in fibroblasts of patients with bipolar disorder
Yang, S., Van Dongen, H. P. A., Wang, K., Berrettini, W., & Bućan, M. (2009) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2008.10 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Barclay, N. L., Eley, T. C., Mill, J. S., Wong, C. C. Y., Zavos, H. M. S., Archer, S. N., & Gregory, A. M. (2011) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.31210 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Lim, J., Choo, W. C., & Chee, M. W. L. (2007) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/30.1.61 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Sleep duration is a potential risk factor for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus
Chao, C.-Y., Wu, J.-S., Yang, Y.-C., Shih, C.-C., Wang, R.-H., Lu, F.-H., & Chang, C.-J. (2011) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2010.07.031 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Johns, M. W. (2002) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2869.2002.00274.x · Cited by 109 · see citing works
A systematic review of the neurobehavioural and physiological effects of shiftwork systems
Driscoll, T. R., Grunstein, R. R., & Rogers, N. L. (2007) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2006.11.001 · Cited by 104 · cited 1× · see citing works
“working evenings, nights, or rotating shifts and is often associated with shorter-than-normal and disrupted sleep periods at an adverse circadian phase.(18) The International Agency for Research on Cancer concluded in 2007 that shift work involving circadian disruption is probably carcinogenic to humans.”
Gambling when sleep deprived: don't bet on stimulants
Killgore, W. D. S., Grugle, N. L., & Balkin, T. J. (2012) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420528.2011.635230 · Cited by 103 · cited 1× · see citing works
“lants to counteract the effects of sleep deprivation seems to depend on the cognitive domain studied.(168)”
Two Pedigrees of Familial Advanced Sleep Phase Syndrome in Japan
Satoh, K., Mishima, K., Inoue, Y., Ebisawa, T., & Shimizu, T. (2003) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/26.4.416 · Cited by 101 · cited 1× · see citing works
“In one study, ASPD was shown to be associated with a mutation in PER2,(160) although a later study failed to replicate this finding.(161) Another report implicatedmutations in casein kinase I delta in ASPD.”
Buysse, D. J., Nofzinger, E. A., Germain, A., Meltzer, C. C., Wood, A., Ombao, H., Kupfer, D. J., & Moore, R. Y. (2004) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/27.7.1245 · Cited by 98 · cited 1× · see citing works
“increased relative glucose metabolism in the brainstem and hypothalamic arousal systems and decreased relative metabolism in the posterior cortical regions during evening wakefulness compared with morning wakefulness.(191) Moreover, variations in regional brain glucose metabolism have”
Mollicone, D. J., Dongen, H. P. A. V., Rogers, N. L., & Dinges, D. F. (2008) · Acta Astronautica · doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2007.12.005 · Cited by 98 · cited 2× · see citing works
“The effects of cognitive performance testing on subsequent posttest subjective alertness ratings are evident only when sleep loss has commenced and this effect is modulated by circadian variation.(28)”
Self-citationHeritability of Performance Deficit Accumulation During Acute Sleep Deprivation in Twins
Kuna, S. T., Maislin, G., Pack, F. M., Staley, B. A., Hachadoorian, R., Coccaro, E. F., & Pack, A. I. (2012) · SLEEP · doi:10.5665/sleep.2074 · Cited by 97 · cited 1× · see citing works
“In support of this statement, a recent study by Kuna et al.(182)”
Interactive Effects of Sleep Deprivation, Time of Day, and Driving Experience on a Driving Task
Lenné, M. G., Triggs, T. J., & Redman, J. R. (1998) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/21.1.38 · Cited by 96 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Moreover, their relative contributions may vary across different experimental conditions(55,90) and among subjects.(93)”
Association between weight gain, obesity, and sleep duration: a large-scale 3-year cohort study
Kobayashi, D., Takahashi, O., Deshpande, G. A., Shimbo, T., & Fukui, T. (2012) · Sleep and Breathing · doi:10.1007/s11325-011-0583-0 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Drummond, S. P. A., Anderson, D. E., Straus, L. D., Vogel, E. K., & Perez, V. B. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035653 · Cited by 94 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Some studies have reported differences in behavioral, sleep homeostatic and/or physiological responses to both types of deprivation.(32,176,177) Moreover, only a few experiments”
<i>DQB1*0602</i> predicts interindividual differences in physiologic sleep, sleepiness, and fatigue
Goel, N., Banks, S., Mignot, E., & Dinges, D. F. (2010) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181f9615d · Cited by 92 · cited 1× · see citing works
“We have repeatedly demonstrated that there are large and highly replicable, trait-like individual differences in the magnitude of fatigue, sleepiness, sleep homeostatic, and cognitive performance vulnerability to acute total sleep deprivation(170,171) and to chronic sleep restriction.(32,148,172,173) Some individuals…”
Sleep deprivation and its effects on object-selective attention
Chee, M. W. L., Tan, J. C., Parimal, S., & Zagorodnov, V. (2009) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.08.067 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Effect of Non-Twenty-Four-Hour Routines of Living on Oral Temperature and Heart Rate
Kleitman, N., & Kleitman, E. (1953) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1953.6.5.283 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Eastman, C. I., Molina, T. A., Dziepak, M. E., & Smith, M. R. (2012) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420528.2012.700670 · Cited by 88 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Women also have been reported to have a shorter average intrinsic circadian period than men,(113) though not consistently,(114) and blacks have been reported to have a shorter average intrinsic circadian period than whites.(114) These differences in circadian phase preference (and possibly in circadian period) appear…”
Mongrain, V., Carrier, J., & Dumont, M. (2006) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04561.x · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Circadian Clocks and Mood-Related Behaviors
Albrecht, U. (2013) · Handbook of experimental pharmacology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-25950-0_9 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Circadian Preference Modulates the Neural Substrate of Conflict Processing across the Day
Schmidt, C., Peigneux, P., Leclercq, Y., Virginie Sterpenich, A., Vandewalle, G., Phillips, C. L. M., Berthomier, P., Berthomier, C., Tinguely, G., Gais, S., et al. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0029658 · Cited by 85 · cited 1× · see citing works
“chronotypes from the subjective morning to the subjective evening but decreased in morning chronotypes under the same conditions.(239)”
Bodenmann, S., Xu, S., Luhmann, U., Arand, M., Berger, W., Jung, H., & Landolt, H. (2009) · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1038/clpt.2008.222 · Cited by 85 · cited 1× · see citing works
“we found that the catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism predicted individual differences in sleep homeostatic responses to chronic sleep restriction,(173) but such prediction has not been shown to acute total sleep deprivation.(185) Clearly, more studies are warranted to investigate”
Philip, P., Sagaspe, P., Prague, M., Tassi, P., Capelli, A., Bioulac, B., Commenges, D., & Taillard, J. (2012) · SLEEP · doi:10.5665/sleep.1968 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Sleep, Wake and Phase Dependent Changes in Neurobehavioral Function under Forced Desynchrony
Zhou, X., Ferguson, S. A., Matthews, R. W., Sargent, C., Darwent, D., Kennaway, D. J., & Roach, G. D. (2011) · SLEEP · doi:10.5665/sleep.1130 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Hull, J. T., Wright, K. P., & Czeisler, C. A. (2003) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/0748730403253584 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
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Sleep Deprivation Impairs Object-Selective Attention: A View from the Ventral Visual Cortex
Lim, J., Tan, J. C., Parimal, S., Dinges, D. F., & Chee, M. W. L. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009087 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Self-citationTime of day effects in simple repetitive tasks: Some possible mechanisms
Monk, T. H., & Leng, V. C. (1982) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/0001-6918(82)90035-x · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Sleep deprivation alters valuation signals in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex
Libedinsky, C., Smith, D. V., Teng, C. S., Namburi, P., Chen, V. W., Huettel, S. A., & Chee, M. W. L. (2011) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2011.00070 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Sleep Deprivation Increases Cerebral Serotonin 2A Receptor Binding in Humans
Elmenhorst, D., Kroll, T., Matusch, A., & Bauer, A. (2012) · SLEEP · doi:10.5665/sleep.2230 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Marek, T., Fąfrowicz, M., Golonka, K., Mojsa‐Kaja, J., Ogińska, H., Tucholska, K., Urbanik, A., Beldzik, E., & Domagalik, A. (2010) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420528.2010.489400 · Cited by 77 · cited 1× · see citing works
“attentional system including the inferior parietal and frontal eye field regions during a Stroop-like task, suggesting that bottom-up attention orientation may be vulnerable to circadian factors.(235)”
Dubious bargain: trading sleep for Leno and Letterman
Basner, M., & Dinges, D. F. (2009) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/32.6.747 · Cited by 76 · cited 2× · see citing works
“those who did not work did not differ in the times when they retired at night.(15) We speculate that some of this sleep-restriction behavior may be explained by respondents with a late evening circadian phase preference, who awaken early by alarm clock to commute for paid work.”
Self-citationPoudel, G. R., Innes, C., & Jones, R. D. (2012) · SLEEP · doi:10.5665/sleep.1994 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
22 of the 284 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Hockey, 1972, Diurnal variation in human performance: a review, 1
- Rao, 2011, Differential effects of total sleep deprivation on regional cortical activity at rest and during Psychomotor Vigilance Test performance, Sleep, 34, A97
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The sleep-deprived human brain
Krause, A. J., Simon, E. B., Mander, B. A., Greer, S. M., Saletin, J. M., Goldstein-Piekarski, A. N., & Walker, M. P. (2017) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.55 · Cited by 1,200 · see citing works
Sleep quality: An evolutionary concept analysis
Nelson, K. L., Davis, J. E., & Corbett, C. F. (2021) · Nursing Forum · doi:10.1111/nuf.12659 · Cited by 569 · see citing works
Circadian Rhythms, Sleep, and Disorders of Aging
Mattis, J., & Sehgal, A. (2016) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2016.02.003 · Cited by 369 · see citing works
“Sleep disruption–- be it shorter sleep duration or poorer sleep quality – is correlated with worsened cognitive performance [1–4].”
BackgroundMukherjee, S., Patel, S. R., Kales, S. N., Ayas, N., Strohl, K. P., Gozal, D., & Malhotra, A. (2015) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201504-0767st · Cited by 300 · see citing works
“There is marked individual variation in the amount of sleep that an individual will need throughout the life span to ensure good health (12, 13).”
BackgroundStress & sleep: A relationship lasting a lifetime
Martire, V. L., Caruso, D., Palagini, L., Zoccoli, G., & Bastianini, S. (2019) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.08.024 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Chronotype, Physical Activity, and Sport Performance: A Systematic Review
Vitale, J. A., & Weydahl, A. (2017) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-017-0741-z · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Fatigue, Sleep, and Autoimmune and Related Disorders
Zielinski, M. R., Systrom, D. M., & Rose, N. R. (2019) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01827 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
“Nevertheless, sleepiness varies over the time of day (205), which can impair an individual’s ability to sleep or the effectiveness of naps in preventing detriments of sleepiness in functional tasks such as cognition (206).”
BackgroundAntypa, N., Vogelzangs, N., Meesters, Y., Schoevers, R., & Penninx, B. W. J. H. (2016) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22422 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
“[3] The biological clock network affects wake-behavior and consequently a person’s chronotype.[4] In order to assess chronotypes, the most used measure is the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ),[5] but more recently, the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ) has been developed, which distinguishes sleep beha…”
MethodChronotype: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies on Chrono-Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health
Almoosawi, S., Vingeliene, S., Gachon, F., Voortman, T., Palla, L., Johnston, J. D., Van Dam, R. M., Darimont, C., & Karagounis, L. G. (2019) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmy070 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
“Such genetic variants may underlie some of the interindividual (44) and interethnic differences (45) in the period (or τ ) of the endogenous circadian cycle that manifest themselves as differences in chronotype.”
BackgroundAnxiety, pandemic‐related stress and resilience among physicians during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Mosheva, M., Hertz‐Palmor, N., Dorman-Ilan, S., Matalon, N., Pessach, I. M., Afek, A. B., Ziv, A., Kreiss, Y., Gross, R., & Gothelf, D. (2020) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.23085 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Facer‐Childs, E. R., Boiling, S., & Balanos, G. M. (2018) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-018-0162-z · Cited by 201 · see citing works
“sleep deprivation [32, 33] as well as circadian disruption [34, 35].”
BackgroundSuicide and sleep: Is it a bad thing to be awake when reason sleeps?
Perlis, M. L., Grandner, M. A., Chakravorty, S., Bernert, R. A., Brown, G. K., & Thase, M. E. (2015) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2015.10.003 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Sleep: important considerations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease
Grandner, M. A., Alfonso-Miller, P., Fernandez-Mendoza, J., Shetty, S., Shenoy, S., & Combs, D. (2016) · Current Opinion in Cardiology · doi:10.1097/hco.0000000000000324 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Exploring the Effects of Problematic Internet Use on Adolescent Sleep: A Systematic Review
Kokka, I., Mourikis, I., Nicolaides, N. C., Darviri, C., Chrousos, G. P., Kanaka-Gantenbein, C., & Bacopoulou, F. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18020760 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
“The tendency for sleep regain following deprivation means that sleep is more than body’s inactivity [46].”
BackgroundThe role of sleep deprivation and circadian rhythm disruption as risk factors of Alzheimer’s disease
Wu, H., Dunnett, S. L., Ho, J. Y. S., & Chang, R. C. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.100764 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
McIntire, L. K., McKinley, R. A., Goodyear, C., & Nelson, J. M. (2014) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2014.04.008 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Role of chronotype in dietary intake, meal timing, and obesity: a systematic review
Teixeira, G. P., Guimarães, K. C., Soares, A. G. N. S., Marqueze, E. C., Moreno, C. R. D. C., Mota, M. C., & Crispim, C. A. (2022) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuac044 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Hida, A., Kitamura, S., Katayose, Y., Kato, M., Ono, H., Kadotani, H., Uchiyama, M., Ebisawa, T., Inoue, Y., Kamei, Y., et al. (2014) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep06309 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Reducing health disparities: the role of sleep deficiency and sleep disorders
Laposky, A. D., Cauter, E. V., & Roux, A. V. D. (2015) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2015.01.007 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
“The significance of compromised sleep and undiagnosed sleep disorders is underscored by decades of scientific findings associating sleep deficiency with increased disease risk, including cardiovascular and metabolic disease (8–10), psychiatric illness (11), substance abuse (12), pregnancy complications (13) and impair…”
BackgroundSleep deprivation disrupts the lacrimal system and induces dry eye disease
Li, S., Ning, K., Zhou, J., Guo, Y., Zhang, H., Zhu, Y. Y., Zhang, L., Jia, C., Chen, Y., Reinach, P. S., et al. (2018) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/emm.2017.285 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Chinoy, E. D., Duffy, J. F., & Czeisler, C. A. (2018) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.13692 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
“…in the hypothalamus, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which regulates secretion of the pineal hormone melatonin together with rhythms in physiology and behavior including sleep, metabolism, immunity, alertness, and performance (Goel et al. 2013; Scheiermann et al. 2013; Qian and Scheer 2016).”
BackgroundEffects of exercise on circadian rhythms in humans
Shen, B., Ma, C., Wu, G., Liu, H., Chen, L., & Yang, G. (2023) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1282357 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
“When the sleep pressure surpasses a threshold, it triggers sleep onset (Goel et al., 2013).”
BackgroundZavecz, Z., Nagy, T., Galkó, A., Németh, D., & Janacsek, K. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-61627-6 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Stationary gaze entropy predicts lane departure events in sleep-deprived drivers
Shiferaw, B. A., Downey, L. A., Westlake, J., Stevens, B., Rajaratnam, S. M. W., Berlowitz, D. J., Swann, P., & Howard, M. E. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20588-7 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Circadian Rhythms in Attention.
Valdéz, P. (2019) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Fatigue in Aviation: Safety Risks, Preventive Strategies and Pharmacological Interventions
Wingelaar-Jagt, Y. Q., Wingelaar, T. T., Riedel, W. J., & Ramaekers, J. G. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.712628 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Circadian rhythms, gut microbiota, and diet: Possible implications for health
Lotti, S., Dinu, M., Colombini, B., Amedei, A., & Sofi, F. (2023) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2023.05.009 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Altered salience network connectivity predicts macronutrient intake after sleep deprivation
Fang, Z., Spaeth, A. M., Ma, N., Zhu, S., Hu, S., Goel, N., Detre, J. A., Dinges, D. F., & Rao, H. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep08215 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Self-citationBalestrino, M., & Adriano, E. (2019) · Medicinal Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/med.21590 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
“Although the exact neural basis of such effects is not fully clear yet, several studies have shown that decreased brain metabolic activity occurs after sleep deprivation.(145) Moreover, within the first hours of sleep a surge of cerebral ATP occurs.”
BackgroundAbdullah, S., Murnane, E. L., Matthews, M. L., Kay, M., Kientz, J. A., Gay, G. K., & Choudhury, T. (2016) · ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp) · doi:10.1145/2971648.2971712 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Bonnet, M. H., & Arand, D. L. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-378610-4.00036-x · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Association between the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire and Wrist Actigraphy
Santisteban, J. A., Brown, T. G., & Gruber, R. (2018) · Sleep Disorders · doi:10.1155/2018/5646848 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
“Determining chronotype is important as it affects many aspects of behavior and health, including sleep duration [4], cognitive performance [5], and psychopathology [6].”
BackgroundHurdiel, R., Pezé, T., Daugherty, J., Girard, J., Poussel, M., Poletti, L., Basset, P., & Theunynck, D. (2015) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2014.960883 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Fatigue in transportation: NTSB investigations and safety recommendations
Marcus, J. H., & Rosekind, M. R. (2016) · Injury Prevention · doi:10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041791 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
The circadian clock and inflammation: A new insight
Xu, H., Huang, L., Zhao, J., Chen, S., Liu, J., & Li, G. (2020) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2020.11.011 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Hulsheger, U. R. (2016) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000104 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
“…and performance on cognitive tasks show cyclical variation following a 24-hr rhythm (i.e., circadian rhythm) that is driven by the biological clock (Cajochen, Chellappa, & Schmidt, 2014; Carrier & Monk, 2000; Dijk, Duffy, & Czeisler, 1992; Goel, Basner, Rao, & Dinges, 2013; Johnson et al., 1992).”
BackgroundFerguson, A., Lyall, L. M., Ward, J., Strawbridge, R. J., Cullen, B., Graham, N., Niedzwiedz, C. L., Johnston, K. J. A., MacKay, D., Biello, S. M., et al. (2018) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.08.004 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Mathematical modeling of circadian rhythms
Asgari-Targhi, A., & Klerman, E. B. (2018) · WIREs Systems Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1002/wsbm.1439 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Time to decide: Diurnal variations on the speed and quality of human decisions
Leone, M. J., Slezak, D. F., Golombek, D. A., & Sigman, M. (2016) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2016.10.007 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
“These variables interact in a complex way, in fact the phase of circadian performance (the moment of the day in which one achieves maximal performance) varies with the nature and complexity of cognitive tasks (Goel et al., 2013).”
BackgroundMobile manifestations of alertness
Murnane, E. L., Abdullah, S., Matthews, M. L., Kay, M., Kientz, J. A., Choudhury, T., Gay, G. K., & Cosley, D. (2016) · International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (MobileHCI) · doi:10.1145/2935334.2935383 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Engineered hybrid fibre reinforced composites for sound absorption building applications
Echeverria, C. A., Pahlevani, F., Handoko, W., et al. (2018) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.12.014 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Meade, R. D., Notley, S. R., Akerman, A. P., McGarr, G. W., Richards, B. J., McCourt, E. R., King, K. E., McCormick, J. J., Boulay, P., Sigal, R. J., et al. (2023) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00227.2023 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Gui, D.-Y., Xu, S., Zhu, S., Fang, Z., Spaeth, A. M., Xin, Y., Feng, T., & Rao, H. (2015) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.07.030 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
“…day such as on themorning and evening, since previous studies have demonstrated significant circadian effects on brain activity and showed differential brain activations during the afternoon compared to other times of the day (Baehr et al., 2000; Goel et al., 2013; Kerkhof and Van Dongen, 1996).”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationClock genes associate with white matter integrity in depressed bipolar patients
Bollettini, I., Melloni, E. M. T., Aggio, V., Poletti, S., Lorenzi, C., Pirovano, A., Vai, B., Dallaspezia, S., Colombo, C., & Benedetti, F. (2016) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2016.1260026 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
“In addition, a higher sleep homeostatic pressure after sleep loss, with possibly a worse decrement of cognitive performances, was observed in PER3 compared to PER3 (Goel et al., 2013; Viola et al., 2007).”
ResultYamazaki, E. M., Antler, C. A., Lasek, C. R., & Goel, N. (2020) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsaa224 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationDawson, D. E., Sprajcer, M. A., & Thomas, M. J. W. (2020) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2020.105955 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
The Impact of Insufficient Sleep on Combat Mission Performance
LoPresti, M. L., Anderson, J. A., Saboe, K. N., McGurk, D., Balkin, T. J., & Sipos, M. L. (2016) · Military Behavioral Health · doi:10.1080/21635781.2016.1181585 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Dennis, L. E., Wohl, R. J., Selame, L., & Goel, N. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14006-7 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationSleepiness as a Local Phenomenon
D’Ambrosio, S., Castelnovo, A., Guglielmi, O., Nobili, L., Sarasso, S., & Garbarino, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01086 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Naja, F., Hasan, H. A., Khadem, S. H., Buanq, M. A., Al-Mulla, H. K., Aljassmi, A. K., & Faris, M. E. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.805955 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“Sleep, an important dimension, and determinant of lifestyle is a complex homeostatic process that involves multiple processes, including sleep-wake homeostasis, circadian cycle, and human dietary and lifestyle behaviors (14).”
BackgroundBraca, A., & Dondio, P. (2023) · Italian Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1007/s43039-023-00077-0 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“, at the low-end of their circadian cycle), they are more likely to take cognitive shortcuts rather than study and evaluate information (Battersby & Bailin, 2013; Goel et al., 2013).”
BackgroundTaylor, L. K., Chrismas, B. C. R., Dascombe, B. J., Chamari, K., & Fowler, P. M. (2016) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2016.00083 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
“…sleeping pills, exercise, hypnotics and sedatives, medication, athletes, travel, practice, practitioner Sleep is a restorative circadian process underpinned by numerous interrelated biological processes (Brown et al., 2012; Goel et al., 2013; Zeitzer, 2013; Vyazovskiy and Delogu, 2014).”
BackgroundOriyama, S., Miyakoshi, Y., & Kobayashi, T. (2013) · Industrial Health · doi:10.2486/indhealth.2013-0043 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Blue-light filtering spectacle lenses for visual performance, sleep, and macular health in adults
Singh, S., Keller, P. R., Busija, L., McMillan, P., Makrai, E., Lawrenson, J. G., Hull, C. C., & Downie, L. E. (2023) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013244.pub2 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Loss of Sleep Affects the Ultrastructure of Pyramidal Neurons in the Adolescent Mouse Frontal Cortex
de Vivo, L., Nelson, A. B., Bellesi, M., Noguti, J., Tononi, G., & Cirelli, C. (2016) · SLEEP · doi:10.5665/sleep.5644 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“For each parameter the following values are listed: (1) coefficient for the binary logistic equation (B); (2) standard error (s.”
BackgroundMethodCircadian rhythm in negative affect: Implications for mood disorders
Emens, J. S., Berman, A. M., Thosar, S. S., Butler, M. P., Roberts, S. A., Clemons, N. A., Herzig, M. X., McHill, A. W., Morimoto, M., Bowles, N. P., et al. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113337 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“This is analogous to the increased errors seen in individuals who are awake during the circadian trough in cognitive performance (Goel et al. 2013).”
BackgroundTime-related eating patterns and chronotype are associated with diet quality in pregnant women
Gontijo, C. A., Cabral, B. B. M., Balieiro, L. C. T., Teixeira, G. P., Fahmy, W. M., Maia, Y. C. D. P., & Crispim, C. A. (2019) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2018.1518328 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
“Some current studies also show that chronotype – the phenotypic aspect of circadian rhythmicity in humans (Goel et al. 2013) – may be associated with dietary quality.”
BackgroundChen, W., Chen, J., Lin, X., Li, P., Shi, L., Liu, J., Sun, H., Lü, L., & Shi, J. (2018) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2018.05.040 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Sun, Y., Lim, J., Dai, Z., Wong, K., Taya, F., Chen, Y., Li, J., Thakor, N. V., & Bezerianos, A. (2017) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.02.084 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“It is noteworthy that previous studies have shown different brain activations during the afternoon compared to other times of the day (Goel et al., 2013; Muto et al., 2016) as well as varied topological organizations of the resting-state functional networks with eyes open vs. eyes closed conditions…”
Voldsbekk, I., Groote, I. R., Zak, N., Roelfs, D., Geier, O. M., Due‐Tønnessen, P., Løkken, L.-L., Strømstad, M., Blakstvedt, T. Y., Kuiper, Y. S., et al. (2020) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117540 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Exploring the Role of Circadian Rhythms in Sleep and Recovery: A Review Article
Desai, D., Momin, A., Hirpara, P., Jha, H., Thaker, R., & Patel, J. (2024) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.61568 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“Understanding these dynamics allows for better management of sleep patterns, ultimately enhancing cognitive, emotional, and physiological health [31,32].”
BackgroundOldham, C. M., Flaherty, J. H., & Maldonado, J. R. (2018) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2018.04.002 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Impact of seasons on an individual’s chronotype: current perspectives
Shawa, N., Rae, D. E., & Roden, L. C. (2018) · Nature and Science of Sleep · doi:10.2147/nss.s158596 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Yamazaki, E. M., & Goel, N. (2020) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsz292 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationSex-related effects of sleep deprivation on depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in mice
González-Castañeda, R. E., Gálvez‐Contreras, A. Y., Martínez-Quezada, C. J., Jáuregui-Huerta, F., Garcı́a‐Estrada, J., Ramos-Zúñiga, R., Luquı́n, S., & González-Pérez, Ó. (2015) · EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS · doi:10.1538/expanim.15-0054 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
“in both cases, consequences on organic homeostasis involve disruptions in circadian rhythm, mental impairments, hormonal changes and other medical problems [16].”
BackgroundSpaeth, A. M., Goel, N., & Dinges, D. F. (2014) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/nure.12151 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationThe stress of losing sleep: Sex-specific neurobiological outcomes
Wright, C. J., Milosavljevic, S., & Pocivavsek, A. (2023) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100543 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“Commonly, the constant routine procedure keeps subjects awake in a stationary position in solitary room devoid of light and temperature changes with meals dispersed evenly over the duration of the protocol (Goel et al., 2013; Klerman and Bianchi, 2014).”
BackgroundSleep habits and strategies of ultramarathon runners
Martin, T., Arnal, P. J., Hoffman, M. D., & Millet, G. Y. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0194705 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Misaligned core body temperature rhythms impact cognitive performance of hospital shift work nurses
Molzof, H. E., Prapanjaroensin, A., Patel, V. H., Mokashi, M. V., Gamble, K. L., & Patrician, P. A. (2019) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2019.01.002 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Circadian Phenotype Composition is a Major Predictor of Diurnal Physical Performance in Teams
Facer‐Childs, E. R., & Brandstätter, R. (2015) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2015.00208 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“For the evaluation of team performance to be efficient, a considerable number of factors need to be taken into consideration, including team structure (75), individual and team goals (55, 76), individual and team mental models (56), feedback and reflection (77), motivation (78) as well as an understanding behind physi…”
BackgroundExcessive Daytime Sleepiness in Stroke Survivors
Ding, Q., Whittemore, R., & Redeker, N. S. (2016) · Biological Research For Nursing · doi:10.1177/1099800415625285 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Time of Day Differences in Neural Reward Functioning in Healthy Young Men
Byrne, J. E. M., Hughes, M. E., Rossell, S. L., Johnson, S. L., & Murray, G. (2017) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0918-17.2017 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Mind-wandering rates fluctuate across the day: evidence from an experience-sampling study
Smith, G., Mills, C., Paxton, A., & Kalina Christoff, A. (2018) · Cognitive Research Principles and Implications · doi:10.1186/s41235-018-0141-4 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Prevalence of poor sleep quality in the Ethiopian population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Manzar, M. D., Bekele, B. B., Noohu, M. M., Mohammed, S., Albougami, A. S. B., Spence, D. W., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., & BaHammam, A. S. (2019) · Sleep And Breathing · doi:10.1007/s11325-019-01871-x · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Gerstner, J. R., Lenz, O., Vanderheyden, W. M., Chan, M. T., Pfeiffenberger, C., & Pack, A. I. (2017) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.23778 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“Disturbances in sleep across many species, including flies, mice, and humans, have been shown to cause cognitive impairment and memory deficits (Graves et al., 2001; McDermott et al., 2003; Ganguly-Fitzgerald et al., 2006; Abel et al., 2013; Goel et al., 2013).”
BackgroundSleep Deprivation: Cytokine and Neuroendocrine Effects on Perception of Effort
Cullen, T., Thomas, G., & Wadley, A. J. (2019) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002207 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Drowsiness or mind-wandering? Fluctuations in ocular parameters during attentional lapses
Stawarczyk, D., François, C., Wertz, J., & D’Argembeau, A. (2020) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2020.107950 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Regular exercise counteracts circadian shifts in core body temperature during long-duration bed rest
Mendt, S., Gunga, H., Felsenberg, D., Belavý, D. L., Steinach, M., & Stahn, A. C. (2021) · npj Microgravity · doi:10.1038/s41526-020-00129-1 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“8 times of their HDBR1 body weight); and finally (5) back and forefoot raise (performing hip and lumbar spine extension against gravity with ankle dorsiflexion; a force 1.”
BackgroundHomeostatic and circadian regulation of cognitive performance
Valdéz, P. (2018) · Biological Rhythm Research · doi:10.1080/09291016.2018.1491271 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“Many papers have documented homeostatic and circadian variations in alertness, using undemanding tasks such as a simple reaction task or detection tasks (Goel et al. 2013).”
MethodJi, X., Bastien, C. H., Ellis, J. G., Hale, L., & Grandner, M. A. (2019) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2018.12.009 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Sleep debt induces skeletal muscle injuries in athletes: A promising hypothesis
Freitas, L. D. S. N., da Silva, F. R., Andrade, H. D. A., Guerreiro, R. D. C., Paulo, F. V., de Mello, M. T., & Silva, A. (2020) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109836 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Mao, T., Dinges, D. F., Deng, Y., Zhao, K., Yang, Z., Lei, H., Fang, Z., Yang, F. N., Galli, O., Goel, N., et al. (2021) · Nature and Science of Sleep · doi:10.2147/nss.s314769 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationChronobiologic perspectives of black time —Accident risk is greatest at night: An opinion paper
Reinberg, A., Smolensky, M. H., Riedel, M., Touitou, Y., Floc’h, N. L., Clarisse, R., Marlot, M., Berrez, S., Pelisse, D., & Mauvieux, B. (2015) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420528.2015.1053911 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
“…at 1 or 2 h intervals throughout 30 h or longer constant-routine or forced-desynchrony protocols to differentiate circadian rhythm as opposed to fatigue-driven temporal variability (e.g., Blatter & Cajochen, 2007; Dijk et al., 1992; Goel et al., 2013; Johnson et al., 1992; Wright et al., 2002).”
Phenotypic vulnerability of energy balance responses to sleep loss in healthy adults
Spaeth, A. M., Dinges, D. F., & Goel, N. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep14920 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationZion, N., & Shochat, T. (2019) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.14031 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
PTSD symptoms and suicide risk among firefighters: The moderating role of sleep disturbance.
Healy, N. A., & Vujanovic, A. A. (2021) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/tra0001059 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Sustained wakefulness and visual attention: moderation by chronotype
Barclay, N. L., & Myachykov, A. (2016) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-016-4772-8 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“…studies (utilising the constant routine and forced desynchrony protocols) have elegantly demonstrated the opposing forces of the circadian rhythm and homoeostatic sleep drive on neurobehavioural functioning (see Goel et al. 2013, for a review), the ecological validity of such studies is debatable.”
BackgroundGrandner, M. A., Hall, C., Jaszewski, A., Alfonso‐Miller, P., Gehrels, J.-A., Killgore, W. D. S., & Athey, A. (2020) · Athletic Training & Sports Health Care · doi:10.3928/19425864-20200521-01 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Zion, N., & Shochat, T. (2018) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2018.1497642 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“Towards this goal, they may mobilize cognitive resources that boost their functioning at the end of the shift, thereby masking circadian and homeostatic influences on their performance (Goel et al. 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Cost of Sleep Lost: Implications for Health, Performance, and the Bottom Line
Grandner, M. A. (2018) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.1177/0890117118790621a · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Linking the need to sleep with synaptic function
Cirelli, C., & Tononi, G. (2019) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aay5304 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Mental Health of Canadian Firefighters: The Impact of Sleep
Cramm, H., Richmond, R., Jamshidi, L., Edgelow, M., Groll, D., Ricciardelli, R., MacDermid, J. C., Keiley, M., & Carleton, R. N. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182413256 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“Sleep is a vital biological function that directly impacts physical and mental health [14,15].”
BackgroundExcessive daytime sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnea: implications for driving licenses
Garbarino, S. (2019) · Sleep And Breathing · doi:10.1007/s11325-019-01903-6 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Yu, L., Wang, L., Hu, G., Ren, L., Qiu, C., Li, S., Zhou, X., Chen, S., & Chen, R. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.937331 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“In hereditary diseases where creatine synthesis is impaired, creatine has a disease‐modifying capacity, including mental fatigue (50), sleep deprivation (51, 52), environmental hypoxia such as in mountain climbing and advanced age (53– 55), but except people with kidney disease (56).”
BackgroundJin, X., Ye, E., Qi, J., Wang, L., Lei, Y., Chen, P., Mi, G., Zou, F., Shao, Y., & Zheng, Y. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0142361 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Neurobehavioral functions are affected by endogenous circadian rhythms, which including physiological alertness and cognitive performance [23].”
BackgroundSleep Variability, Sleep Irregularity, and Nighttime Blood Pressure Dipping
Xu, Y., Barnes, V. A., Harris, R. A., Altvater, M., Williams, C. F., Norland, K., Looney, J. C., Crandall, R. H., Su, S., & Wang, X. (2023) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.21497 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“12 Previous studies 13,14 using cross-sectional and prospective analyses have found that greater intraindividual day-to-day deviations in sleep patterns were associated with higher prevalence and incidence of multiple disease conditions, including the risk of hypertension.”
BackgroundIndividual differences in subjective circadian flexibility
Marcoen, N., Vandekerckhove, M. M. P., Neu, D., Pattyn, N., & Maîresse, O. (2015) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420528.2015.1085387 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“…of the estimated sleepiness ratings corresponds with the time of day variation of subjective sleepiness found in other research (Danker-Hopfe et al., 2001) and with the influence of circadian and homeostatic processes on neurobehavioral performance during prolonged wakefulness (Goel et al., 2013).”
BackgroundSleep and Mental Health Disturbances Due to Social Isolation during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexico
Terán-Pérez, G., Portillo-Vasquez, A. M., Arana-Lechuga, Y., Sánchez-Escandón, Ó., Mercadillo-Caballero, R., González-Robles, R. O., & Velázquez‐Moctezuma, J. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18062804 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“Thus, the present data should be taken as an extreme concern since current knowledge about sleep restriction suggests deficits in behavioral performance and mood swings [27,28], and research conducted on medical students with sleep restriction reported an impairment of empathy and an increase of in-group conflicts [29…”
BackgroundLi, S., Hu, S., Liu, R., Liang, S., He, M., & Sun, J. (2022) · Journal of Building Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104375 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Frost, C., Toczko, M., Merrigan, J. J., & Martin, J. R. (2021) · Sleep Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.sleepe.2021.100014 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
- Authors
- Goel, N., Basner, M., Rao, H., & Dinges, D. F.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Venue
- Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Published
- 2013
- Volume
- 119
- Pages
- 155-190
- ISSN
- 1877-1173 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3963479
- OpenAlex
- W1902549
- Semantic Scholar
- 0fbc3ce96cbbb5ca7f45ca6479e48a0a3ba75ae0
- Cited by
- 400
- References
- 284
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 79.39
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Progress in molecular biology and translational science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL102119, HL102119)
- National Institute of Nursing Research (NR004281, R01NR004281)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- circadian rhythm, sleep deprivation, human performance, two-process model, sleep homeostasis, circadian genes, individual differences, sleepiness, cognitive performance, attention, memory, brain metabolism, neuronal activation, biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Circadian Rhythm, Humans, Sleep Deprivation, Task Performance and Analysis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Claims read by deepseek-v4.1-flash under definition version 3 (extract-v3) on 2026-10-10.
Classified by jev-1.13-20260917 (gold-guideline-v0.2) on 2026-10-10.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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