Cited by 65Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsPluripotent Stem Cells ResearchNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

Recapitulation of Endogenous 4R Tau Expression and Formation of Insoluble Tau in Directly Reprogrammed Human Neurons

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Capano, Lucia S., Sato, Chihiro, Ficulle, Elena, Yu, Anan, Horie, Kanta, Kwon, Ji-Sun, Burbach, Kyle F., Barthélemy, Nicolas R. +8 more·2022·Cell Stem Cell

Abstract

Tau is a microtubule-binding protein expressed in neurons, and the equal ratios between 4-repeat (4R) and 3-repeat (3R) isoforms are maintained in normal adult brain function. Dysregulation of 3R:4R ratio causes tauopathy, and human neurons that recapitulate tau isoforms in health and disease will provide a platform for elucidating pathogenic processes involving tau pathology. We carried out extensive characterizations of tau isoforms expressed in human neurons derived by microRNA-induced neuronal reprogramming of adult fibroblasts. Transcript and protein analyses showed that miR neurons expressed all six isoforms with the 3R:4R isoform ratio equivalent to that detected in human adult brains. Also, miR neurons derived from familial tauopathy patients with a 3R:4R ratio altering mutation showed increased 4R tau and the formation of insoluble tau with seeding activity. Our results collectively demonstrate the utility of miRNA-induced neuronal reprogramming to recapitulate endogenous tau regulation comparable with the adult brain in health and disease.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.stem.2022.04.018

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  • The miRNA+TFs approach generated a highly enriched neuronal population as previously characterized by single cell and bulk RNA-seq and electrically active cells in 2D culture, showing inward and outward currents and multiple action potentials measured by whole-cell recording.

    “This miRNA+TFs approach generated a highly enriched neuronal population as previously characterized by single cell and bulk RNA-seq (20, 28, 29) and electrically active cells in 2D culture, showing inward and outward currents and multiple action potentials measured by whole-cell recording (Fig. S1A).”

    From Modeling late-onset Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology via direct neuronal reprogramming (2024) · cites this paper as [20]

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  • Fetal neurons and iPSCs-derived neurons primarily express 3R-tau.

    “However, fetal neurons and iPSCs-derived neurons primarily express 3R-tau (20, 21)”
  • This miRNA-induced neuronal state can synergize with additional transcription factors to generate disease-relevant neuronal subtypes that recapitulate age-dependent neuropathology, including primary tauopathy and adult-onset neurodegeneration of Huntington's disease.

    “This miRNA-induced neuronal state can synergize with additional transcription factors (TFs) to generate disease-relevant neuronal subtypes that recapitulate age-dependent neuropathology (26, 28, 30, 31), including primary tauopathy and adult-onset neurodegeneration of Huntington’s disease (20, 32, 33).”
  • Methanol fixation has previously been used to remove soluble proteins, including tau.

    “Methanol fixation has previously been used to remove soluble proteins, including tau (20, 46).”
  • MiR-9/9*−124-induced neurons are primarily composed of neurons as previously characterized by single-cell RNA-seq.

    “MiR-9/9*−124-induced neurons are primarily composed of neurons as previously characterized by single-cell RNA-seq (20, 29).”

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  1. Choi SH, Kim YH, Hebisch M, Sliwinski C, Lee S, D’Avanzo C, Chen H, Hooli B, Asselin C, Muffat J, (2014b). A three-dimensional human neural cell culture model of Alzheimer’s disease. Nature 515, 274– 278. 10.1038/nature13800. 25307057 PMC4366007 · DOI · Paper page
  2. Goedert M, and Jakes R (1990b). Expression of separate isoforms of human tau protein: correlation with the tau pattern in brain and effects on tubulin polymerization. The EMBO Journal 9, 4225– 4230. 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07870.x. 2124967 PMC552204 · DOI · Paper page

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Authors
Capano, L. S., Sato, C., Ficulle, E., Yu, A., Horie, K., Kwon, J.-S., Burbach, K. F., Barthélemy, N. R., Fox, S. G., Karch, C. M., Bateman, R. J., Houlden, H., Morimoto, R. I., Holtzman, D. M., Duff, K. E., & Yoo, A. S.
Affiliations
  • Washington University in St. Louis (US)
  • UK Dementia Research Institute (GB)
  • Northwestern University (US)
Corresponding author
  • Duff, Karen E.
  • Yoo, Andrew S.
Venue
Cell Stem Cell
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2022-06
Volume
29
Issue
6
Pages
918-932.e8
ISSN
  • 1875-9777 (ISSN-L)
  • 1934-5909
OpenAlex
W4281653848
Cited by
65
References
98
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 4
FWCI
4.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cell stem cell (publishedVersion)
  • SSRN Electronic Journal (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Columbia University
  • Eisai
  • Desert Research Institute
  • Cure Alzheimer's Fund
  • Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh (P50 AG05691)
  • Medical Research Council
  • Eli Lilly and Company
  • Alzheimer's Society
  • Roche
  • Alzheimer’s Research UK
  • National Institutes of Health (T32 GM007067)
  • Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Washington (P30 AG066444)
  • National Institute on Aging (RF1AG056296)
  • Edward Mallinckrodt Jr Foundation
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (AG063521, K01AG062796, R01 NS095773, R01NS107488)
  • University of Washington
  • Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences (UL1TR002345)
  • Wellcome Trust (R56 NS110890)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords
tau protein, 4R tau, tauopathy, human neurons, microtubule-binding protein
MeSH terms
Adult, Humans, Neurons, tau Proteins, Protein Isoforms, Tauopathies, MicroRNAs

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