Ultrafine titanium dioxide particles in the absence of photoactivation can induce oxidative damage to human bronchial epithelial cells
Abstract
Ultrafine titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) particles have been shown to exhibit strong cytotoxicity when exposed to UVA radiation, but are regarded as a biocompatible material in the absence of photoactivation. In contrast to this concept, the present results indicate that anatase-sized (10 and 20 nm) TiO(2) particles in the absence of photoactivation induced oxidative DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, and micronuclei formation, and increased hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide production in BEAS-2B cells, a human bronchial epithelial cell line. However, the treatment with anatase-sized (200 and >200 nm) particles did not induce oxidative stress in the absence of light irradiation; it seems that the smaller the particle, the easier it is for the particle to induce oxidative damage. The photocatalytic activity of the anatase form of TiO(2) was reported to be higher than that of the rutile form. In contrast to this notion, the present results indicate that rutile-sized 200 nm particles induced hydrogen peroxide and oxidative DNA damage in the absence of light but the anatase-sized 200nm particles did not. In total darkness, a slightly higher level of oxidative DNA damage was also detected with treatment using an anatase-rutile mixture than with treatment using either the anatase or rutile forms alone. These results suggest that intratracheal instillation of ultrafine TiO(2) particles may cause an inflammatory response.
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The anatase form of TiO2 has higher photocatalytic ability than rutile to induce DNA damage in human bronchial epithelial cells.
“Using alkaline comet analysis the anatase form of TiO 2 was shown to exhibit a higher photocatalytic ability than rutile to induce DNA damage in human bronchial epithelial cells (200).”
From Photoinduced Damage to Cellular DNA: Direct and Photosensitized Reactions<sup>†</sup> (2012) · cites this paper as [200]
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- Authors
- Gurr, J.-R., Wang, A. S. S., Chen, C.-H., & Jan, K.-Y.
- Affiliations
- Hsing Wu University (TW)
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica (TW)
- Corresponding author
- Gurr, Jia-Ran
- ORCID
- Chen, Chien-Hung
- Venue
- Toxicology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-09
- Volume
- 213
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 66-73
- ISSN
- 0300-483X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2049271296
- Cited by
- 1,022
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 65 · 2017: 63 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 67 · 2014: 82 · 2013: 64 · 2012: 89
- FWCI
- 15.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Toxicology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Council
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Keywords
- titanium dioxide nanoparticles, ultrafine particles, oxidative DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, micronuclei, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, anatase, rutile, photocatalytic activity, bronchial epithelial cells, BEAS-2B cells, particle size, oxidative stress, intratracheal instillation, air pollution
- MeSH terms
- Bronchi, Cell Line, Cell Survival, DNA Damage, Epithelial Cells, Formazans, Humans, Hydrogen Peroxide, Malondialdehyde, Nitric Oxide, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, Tetrazolium Salts, Titanium, Micronucleus Tests, Lipid Peroxidation, Comet Assay, Nanostructures
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