Toxicity of nanomaterials
Open accessAbstract
Nanoscience has matured significantly during the last decade as it has transitioned from bench top science to applied technology. Presently, nanomaterials are used in a wide variety of commercial products such as electronic components, sports equipment, sun creams and biomedical applications. There are few studies of the long-term consequences of nanoparticles on human health, but governmental agencies, including the United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and Japan's Ministry of Health, have recently raised the question of whether seemingly innocuous materials such as carbon-based nanotubes should be treated with the same caution afforded known carcinogens such as asbestos. Since nanomaterials are increasing a part of everyday consumer products, manufacturing processes, and medical products, it is imperative that both workers and end-users be protected from inhalation of potentially toxic NPs. It also suggests that NPs may need to be sequestered into products so that the NPs are not released into the atmosphere during the product's life or during recycling. Further, non-inhalation routes of NP absorption, including dermal and medical injectables, must be studied in order to understand possible toxic effects. Fewer studies to date have addressed whether the body can eventually eliminate nanomaterials to prevent particle build-up in tissues or organs. This critical review discusses the biophysicochemical properties of various nanomaterials with emphasis on currently available toxicology data and methodologies for evaluating nanoparticle toxicity (286 references).
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A noninvasive electrical stimulation system consisting of a TENG array for power supply and a ball-shaped electrode array for current simulation allowed subjects to identify different virtual spatial patterns by spatio-temporal varying electrical stimulation.
“Figure 16D presents a noninvasive electrical stimulation system consisting of a TENG array for power supply and a ball-shaped electrode array for current simulation. Subjects wearing the system can identify different virtual spatial patterns by spatio-temporal varying electrical stimulation (Figure 16E and 16F).[604]”
From Flexible Electronics and Devices as Human–Machine Interfaces for Medical Robotics (2022) · cites this paper as [604]
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- Authors
- Sharifi, S., Behzadi, S., Laurent, S., Laird Forrest, M., Stroeve, P., & Mahmoudi, M.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Pasteur Institute of Iran (IR)
- University of Mons (BE)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mahmoudi, Morteza
- Venue
- Chem. Soc. Rev.
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2323-2343
- ISSN
- 0306-0012 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-4744
- PMC
- PMC4703119
- OpenAlex
- W1984753398
- Semantic Scholar
- 24d676438f9093462b4f234d737dbfdeaecd02a0
- Cited by
- 1,460
- References
- 285
- Citations by year
- 2026: 52 · 2025: 85 · 2024: 81 · 2023: 107 · 2022: 107 · 2021: 112 · 2020: 138 · 2019: 125 · 2018: 109 · 2017: 116 · 2016: 103 · 2015: 106 · 2014: 103 · 2013: 83 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 3.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Chemical Society Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- KU ScholarWorks (University of Kansas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- ORBi UMONS (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA173292)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P20GM103418)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nanotechnology research and applications
- Keywords
- nanoparticle toxicity, nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes, inhalation exposure, occupational exposure, dermal exposure, consumer goods
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Catalysis, Free Radicals, Humans, Reactive Oxygen Species, Nanostructures
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