Cited by 540TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar CellsSkin Protection and AgingCarcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment

Chemical oxidation and DNA damage catalysed by inorganic sunscreen ingredients

Dunford, Rosemary, Salinaro, Angela, Cai, Lezhen, Serpone, Nick, Horikoshi, Satoshi, Hidaka, Hisao, Knowland, John·1997·FEBS Letters

Abstract

Titanium dioxide (TiO 2) has been noted (US Federal Register, 43FR38206, 25 August 1978) to be a safe physical sunscreen because it reflects and scatters UVB and UVA in sunlight. However, TiO 2 absorbs about 70% of incident UV, and in aqueous environments this leads to the generation of hydroxyl radicals which can initiate oxidations. Using chemical methods, we show that all sunscreen TiO 2 samples tested catalyse the photo‐oxidation of a representative organic substrate (phenol). We also show that sunlight‐illuminated TiO 2 catalyses DNA damage both in vitro and in human cells. These results may be relevant to the overall effects of sunscreens.

Integrity signals

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Crossref · 10.1016/s0014-5793(97)01356-2

Cites

26 of 26 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Sunlight illumination of MRC-5 fibroblasts preincubated with TiO2 generates DNA strand breaks and/or alkali-labile sites.

    “Sunlight illumination of MRC-5 fibroblasts preincubated with TiO 2 was found to generate DNA strand breaks and ⁄ or alkali-labile sites as inferred from alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (199).”

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Authors
Dunford, R., Salinaro, A., Cai, L., Serpone, N., Horikoshi, S., Hidaka, H., & Knowland, J.
Affiliations
  • University of Oxford (GB)
  • Concordia University (CA)
  • Meisei University (JP)
Corresponding author
Knowland, John
Venue
FEBS Letters
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1997-11-24
Volume
418
Issue
1-2
Pages
87-90
ISSN
  • 0014-5793 (ISSN-L)
  • 1873-3468
OpenAlex
W1990495056
Cited by
540
References
26
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 32
FWCI
7.97
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • FEBS Letters (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
Keywords
titanium dioxide, sunscreen ingredients, photocatalysis, hydroxyl radicals, phenol oxidation, DNA damage, UV-B radiation, UVA, inorganic nanoparticles, human cells, phototoxicity
MeSH terms
Catalase, Cell Line, DNA, DNA Damage, Humans, Oxidation-Reduction, Photochemistry, Plasmids, Sunlight, Sunscreening Agents, Titanium, Ultraviolet Rays, Zinc Oxide, Phenol

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