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Cited by 14Toxic Organic Pollutants ImpactNeuroendocrine regulation and behaviorEffects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals

FireMaster® 550 (FM 550) exposure during the perinatal period impacts partner preference behavior and nucleus accumbens core medium spiny neuron electrophysiology in adult male and female prairie voles, Microtus ochrogaster

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Krentzel, Amanda A., Kimble, Laney C., Dorris, David M., Horman, Brian M., Meitzen, John, Patisaul, Heather B.·2021·Hormones and Behavior
DOI 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2021.105019PMC PMC8403633
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Abstract

One of the most widely used flame retardant (FR) mixtures in household products is Firemaster 550 (FM 550). FM 550 leaches from items such as foam-based furniture and infant products, resulting in contamination of the household environment and biota. Previous studies indicate sex-specific behavioral deficits in rodents and zebrafish in response to developmental FM 550 exposure. These deficits include impacts on social and attachment behaviors in a prosocial rodent: the prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster). The prairie vole is a laboratory-acclimated rodent that exhibits spontaneous attachment behaviors including pair bonding. Here we extend previous work by addressing how developmental exposure to FM 550 impacts pair bonding strength via an extended-time partner preference test, as well as neuron electrophysiological properties in a region implicated in pair bond behavior, the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) core. Dams were exposed to vehicle or 1000 μg of FM 550 via subcutaneous injections throughout gestation, and female and male pups were directly exposed beginning the day after birth until weaning. Pair bond behavior of adult female and male offspring was assessed using a three hour-long partner preference test. Afterwards, acute brain slices of the NAcc core were produced and medium spiny neuron electrophysiological attributes recorded via whole cell patch-clamp. Behavioral impacts were sex-specific. Partner preference behavior was increased in exposed females but decreased in exposed males. Electrophysiological impacts were similar between sexes and specific to attributes related to input resistance. Input resistance was decreased in neurons recorded from both sexes exposed to FM 550 compared to vehicle. This study supports the hypothesis that developmental exposure to FM 550 impacts attachment behaviors and demonstrates a novel FM 550 effect on neural electrophysiology.

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  • Perinatal FireMaster 550 exposure causes sex- and chemical-specific disruption of social-brain targets involving oxytocin receptor- and serotonin-related signaling.

    “More recent work also indicates sex- and chemical-specific disruption of social-brain targets involving oxytocin receptor- and serotonin-related signaling after perinatal FireMaster 550 exposure (Krentzel et al., 2021; Schkoda et al., 2024).”

    From Environmental endocrine disruptors at the synapse: mechanisms linking chemical exposure to cognitive and behavioral dysfunction (2026) · cites this paper as Krentzel et al., 2021

    The Results (Electrophysiology; page not provided) report altered nucleus accumbens neurons after perinatal FM 550 exposure, and the Discussion reports sex-specific partner-preference behavior. But the Discussion says the neuronal effects were similar between sexes, does not establish which FM 550 chemical caused them, and treats oxytocin- and serotonin-related mechanisms as possibilities for future study rather than demonstrated disruptions. (LLM, conf=0.87)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • FRs destabilize circuit-level excitability and the developmental organization of socially relevant neural networks.

    “Together, these findings indicate that FRs destabilize circuit-level excitability and the developmental organization of socially relevant neural networks (Krentzel et al., 2021; Marinello et al., 2023; Schkoda et al., 2024).”

    From Environmental endocrine disruptors at the synapse: mechanisms linking chemical exposure to cognitive and behavioral dysfunction (2026) · cites this paper as Krentzel et al., 2021

    The Discussion (page unavailable) reports that perinatal FM 550 exposure altered attachment behavior and reduced input resistance in nucleus accumbens neurons of adult prairie voles. That supports an effect on neurons relevant to social behavior, but the paper does not demonstrate circuit-level excitability changes or altered developmental organization of social neural networks; those claims exceed its measurements. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Perinatal FM 550 exposure altered social-brain targets in a sex- and chemical-specific manner, including oxytocin receptor- and serotonin-related elements in regions such as the amygdala and BNST.

    “while perinatal FM 550 exposure altered social-brain targets in a sex- and chemical-specific manner, including oxytocin receptor- and serotonin-related elements in regions such as the amygdala and BNST.”

    From Environmental endocrine disruptors at the synapse: mechanisms linking chemical exposure to cognitive and behavioral dysfunction (2026) · cites this paper as Krentzel et al., 2021

    The Discussion reports sex-specific effects of perinatal FM 550 exposure on partner preference and altered neuronal properties in the nucleus accumbens core. It does not report chemical-specific changes to oxytocin receptors or serotonin-related elements in the amygdala or BNST; it discusses those neurotransmitters only as possible mechanisms, and reports similar electrophysiological effects in both sexes. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Developmental FM 550 exposure changed intrinsic membrane properties of nucleus accumbens core medium spiny neurons, showing reduced input resistance in both sexes.

    “In addition, developmental FM 550 exposure changed intrinsic membrane properties of nucleus accumbens core medium spiny neurons, showing reduced input resistance in both sexes.”

    From Environmental endocrine disruptors at the synapse: mechanisms linking chemical exposure to cognitive and behavioral dysfunction (2026) · cites this paper as Krentzel et al., 2021

  • In prairie voles, perinatal FM 550 exposure altered partner preference in a sex-specific manner, enhancing partner preference in females but decreasing it in males, accompanied by reduced input resistance in nucleus accumbens core medium spiny neurons.

    “In prairie voles, perinatal FM 550 exposure altered partner preference in a sex-specific manner, enhancing partner preference in females but decreasing it in males, and this phenotype was accompanied by reduced input resistance in nucleus accumbens core medium spiny neurons (Krentzel et al., 2021).”

    From Environmental endocrine disruptors at the synapse: mechanisms linking chemical exposure to cognitive and behavioral dysfunction (2026) · cites this paper as Krentzel et al., 2021

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Krentzel, A. A., Kimble, L. C., Dorris, D. M., Horman, B. M., Meitzen, J., & Patisaul, H. B.
Affiliations
North Carolina State University (US)
Corresponding author
Meitzen, John
ORCID
Venue
Hormones and Behavior
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-08
Volume
134
Pages
105019
ISSN
0018-506X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.yhbeh.2021.105019
PMC
PMC8403633
OpenAlex
W3175215051
Cited by
14
References
14
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4
FWCI
0.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Hormones and Behavior (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Mental Health
  • U.S. Department of Defense (AR160055)
  • National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30 ES-025128)
  • National Institutes of Health
  • North Carolina State University
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
Keywords
flame retardants, developmental neurotoxicity, Microtus ochrogaster, mate preferences, pair bonding, attachment behavior, nucleus accumbens core, medium spiny neurons, input resistance, sex differences, perinatal exposure, social behavior
MeSH terms
Animals, Arvicolinae, Electrophysiology, Female, Male, Neurons, Nucleus Accumbens, Pair Bond, Organophosphates, Polybrominated Biphenyls, Pregnancy, Social Behavior, Zebrafish, Grassland

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