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Cited by 45Nutritional Studies and DietAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesInflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis

Are the associations between diet and C-reactive protein independent of obesity?

Hickling, Siobhan, Hung, Joseph, Knuiman, Matthew, Divitini, Mark, Beilby, John·2008·Preventive Medicine
DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.02.007
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Abstract

Objectives To determine the relative magnitude of the effect of dietary factors on circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, controlling for BMI.Methods 1808 men and 2269 women attended the 1994/95 follow-up survey from the Busselton Health Study, Australia. A composite diet score was derived from a short questionnaire. Height and weight were measured.Results After controlling for BMI, CRP levels were associated with red meat intake (males only, p=0.001), fruit intake (males p<0.0001, females p=0.029), potato intake (males p=0.008, females p=0.029), using wholemeal bread (males p=0.014, females p=0.018), using polyunsaturated fats as a spread and in cooking (females only, p=0.005), and rarely or never adding salt to food (males p=0.012, females p=0.004). The overall diet score was significantly (negatively) related to CRP in males (p<0.0001) and females (p<0.0001). The relative decrease in CRP from a moderately healthy diet, compared to an unhealthy diet was 37% in men and 24% in women. This was comparable to a difference in BMI of at least 3 kg/m(2) (or a difference in weight of approximately 9 kg for a person of average height).Conclusion A healthy diet and lower weight have independent beneficial effects of similar magnitude on CRP levels.

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  • Physiological concentrations of IL-6 stimulate circulating IL-1ra and IL-10 and inhibit TNF-a production.

    “(2) Physiological concentrations of IL-6 stimulate the appearance in the circulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-1ra and IL-10 and inhibit the production of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-a.”

    From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [208]

  • Health benefits of long-term regular exercise are ascribed to the anti-inflammatory response elicited by an acute bout of exercise, partly mediated by muscle-derived IL-6.

    “The health benefits of long-term regular exercise are ascribed to the anti-inflammatory response elicited by an acute bout of exercise, which is partly mediated by muscle-derived IL-6.”

    From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [208]

  • In elderly people, physical activity is inversely associated with inflammatory markers, independent of BMI, and the association is suggested to be dose-dependent.

    “Rather consistent inverse, BMI-independent, associations are found and the associations are suggested to be dosedependent; the more physically active the person, the lower the inflammatory markers (208,224) .”

    From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [208]

  • Contracting skeletal muscle is a major source of circulating IL-6 during acute exercise.

    “(1) Contracting skeletal muscle is a major source of circulating IL-6 in response to acute exercise.”

    From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [208]

  • Muscle-derived IL-6 and other cytokines are suggested to mediate health-beneficial effects of exercise and protect against diseases associated with low-grade inflammation.

    “IL-6 and other cytokines that are produced and released by skeletal muscles have been suggested to be involved in mediating the health-beneficial effects of exercise and to play important roles in the protection against diseases associated with low-grade inflammation.”

    From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [208]

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Authors
Hickling, S., Hung, J., Knuiman, M., Divitini, M., & Beilby, J.
Affiliations
The University of Western Australia (AU)
Corresponding author
Hickling, Siobhan
ORCID
Venue
Preventive Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2008-07
Volume
47
Issue
1
Pages
71-76
ISSN
0091-7435 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.02.007
OpenAlex
W2028414660
Cited by
45
References
34
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 2
FWCI
4.29
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Health and Medical Research Council
  • National Medical Research Council
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis
Keywords
C-reactive protein, diet, obesity, body mass index, red meat consumption, fruit consumption, whole grain bread, polyunsaturated fat, dietary salt, diet score, inflammation, Busselton Health Study
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, C-Reactive Protein, Diet, Dietary Carbohydrates, Dietary Fats, Female, Humans, Male, Meat, Middle Aged, Obesity, Sodium, Dietary, Vegetables, Body Mass Index, Young Adult

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