CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 197Fatty Acid Research and HealthAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesNutritional Studies and Diet

Insulin resistance, inflammation, and serum fatty acid composition

Fernández-Real, José-Manuel, Broch, Montserrat, Vendrell, Joan, Ricart, Wifredo·2003·Diabetes Care
DOI 10.2337/diacare.26.5.1362
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Fatty acids (FAs) have been involved in the development of chronic inflammatory conditions such as insulin resistance and obesity. However, the relation among insulin resistance, obesity, inflammatory activity (circulating interleukin [IL]-6) and dietary FAs has been scarcely studied in otherwise healthy subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We aimed to study these interactions in 123 overweight (BMI 26.9 +/- 2.4 kg/m(2) [means +/- SD]) subjects and 109 lean (BMI 21.7 +/- 1.7 kg/m(2), P < 0.000001) subjects. IL-6 was measured by immunoassay and FA by gas liquid cromatography. RESULTS: The percentage of saturated FAs (r = 0.30, P = 0.01) and omega-6 FAs (r = -0.32, P = 0.001) were significantly associated with circulating IL-6, whereas the percentage of omega-3 FAs correlated negatively with C-reactive protein in overweight subjects (P = 0.04). Saturated-to-omega-3 and saturated-to-omega-6 FA ratios were significantly and positively associated with C-reactive protein (P < 0.0001) and IL-6 (P < 0.001), respectively. In contrast, none of these associations reached statistical significance in lean subjects. Those subjects in the most insulin-sensitive quintile (homeostasis model assessment value) showed a significantly higher percentage of linoleic acid (C18:2 varpi6) (P = 0.03) and a significantly lower level of araquidic (C20:0) (P = 0.04), behenic (C22:0) (P = 0.009), lignoceric (C24:0) (P = 0.02), and nervonic (C24:1 varpi9) (P = 0.001) FAs than the remaining subjects. In parallel, the most insulin-sensitive subjects showed significantly decreased C-reactive protein (P = 0.03). Serum C-reactive protein was significantly associated with percent linoleic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in nonsmoking men (P = 0.03 and P = 0.04, respectively) and with docosahexaenoic acid in nonsmoking women (r = -0.46, P < 0.0001). We constructed a multivariant regression analysis to predict circulating IL-6. Age, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), smoking status, and the relation of saturated to omega-6 or saturated to omega-3 FAs were considered as independent variables separately in men and women. In overweight men, the ratio of saturated to omega-3 FAs (P = 0.01), but not age, sex, BMI, WHR, or smoking status, independently contributed to 17% of IL-6 variance. In lean men, smoking status (P = 0.02), but not the remaining variables, contributed to 8% of IL-6 variance. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary FAs (as inferred from plasma FA concentration) seem to be linked to inflammatory activity in overweight subjects and in subjects with insulin resistance. Being overweight modulates the relation of FAs to inflammatory markers.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2337/diacare.26.5.1362

Cites

36 of 36 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Fernández-Real, J.-M., Broch, M., Vendrell, J., & Ricart, W.
Affiliations
  • Unitat de Diabetologia, Endocrinologia i Nutrició, University Hospital of Girona “Dr. Josep Trueta,” Girona, Spain
  • Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona (ES)
  • Hospital Universitari de Girona Doctor Josep Trueta (ES)
ORCID
Venue
Diabetes Care
Publisher
American Diabetes Association
Published
2003-05-01
Volume
26
Issue
5
Pages
1362-1368
ISSN
  • 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
  • 1935-5548
DOI
10.2337/diacare.26.5.1362
OpenAlex
W2107568348
Cited by
197
References
36
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 5
FWCI
8.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Keywords
insulin resistance, serum fatty acids, dietary fatty acids, inflammation, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, overweight, obesity, insulin sensitivity, linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, HOMA-IR, body mass index, sex differences, smoking status, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, short-chain saturated fatty acids, arachidonic acid, behenic acid, nervonic acid, adipose tissue inflammation, adipose tissue insulin sensitivity, adipose tissue fatty acid composition
MeSH terms
Adult, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Body Constitution, Cardiovascular Diseases, Dietary Fats, Fatty Acids, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, Male, Obesity, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Smoking, Thinness, Interleukin-6, Body Mass Index

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review