The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 19 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Allomothering among African elephants
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“All female family members play a role in the successful rearing of offspring, frequently acting as allomothers who comfort, assist, play with and protect the offspring of their kin.”
From Elephant cognition. (2008) · cites this paper as Lee, P .C. (1987)
In the citing paper
“In primates, including humans, non-biological parents can learn to care for children after instruction or observation of experienced caretakers and infants1–8.”
From Oxytocin neurons enable social transmission of maternal behaviour (2021) · cites this paper as [7]
Citations
Cites
Sociobiology: The New Synthesis.
Lenski, G. E., & Wilson, E. O. (1976) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2576242 · Cited by 6,271
Primate Social Relationships: an Integrated Approach
Hinde, R. A. (1983) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 580
The Evolution of Alloparental Care and Adoption in Mammals and Birds
Riedman, M. L. (1982) · The Quarterly Review of Biology · doi:10.1086/412936 · Cited by 536
Evolution. Essays in honour of John Maynard Smith
O'Donald, P. J. (1986) · Endeavour · doi:10.1016/0160-9327(86)90140-7 · Cited by 414
Care and Exploitation of Nonhuman Primate Infants by Conspecifics Other Than the Mother
Hrdy, S. B. (1976) · Advances in the study of behavior · doi:10.1016/s0065-3454(08)60083-2 · Cited by 366
(2022) · University of Arizona Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctv264f91j · Cited by 363
Lancaster, J. B. (1971) · Folia Primatologica · doi:10.1159/000155377 · Cited by 335
Social Behavior of Female Vertebrates
(1983) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-735950-2.x5001-4 · Cited by 319
Early maternal investment in male and female African elephant calves
Lee, P. C., & Moss, C. J. (1986) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/bf00299666 · Cited by 263
On the ecology and behaviour of the African elephant
Douglas‐Hamilton, I. (1972) · Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford) · doi:10.5287/ora-2zvaqjy10 · Cited by 162
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Moss, 1981, Social circles, Wildlife News, 16, 2
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Fission-Fusion Dynamics: New Research Frameworks [with Comments]
Aureli, F., Schaffner, C. M., Boesch, C., Bearder, S. K., Call, J., Chapman, C. A., Connor, R. C., Fiore, A. D., Dunbar, R., Henzi, S. P., et al. (2008) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/586708 · Cited by 1,068
The Ontogenesis of Social Dominance: A Strategy-Based Evolutionary Perspective
Hawley, P. H. (1999) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1006/drev.1998.0470 · Cited by 877
The socioecology of elephants: analysis of the processes creating multitiered social structures
Wittemyer, G., Douglas-Hamilton, I., & Getz, W. M. (2005) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2004.08.018 · Cited by 591
Archie, E. A., Moss, C. J., & Alberts, S. C. (2005) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2005.3361 · Cited by 404
The journal of developmental processes
Disorders, L., & Milton (2006) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 325
Cooperative breeding in mammals
Jennions, M. D. (1994) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/0169-5347(94)90202-x · Cited by 300
Pro-social behavior in rats is modulated by social experience
Ben-Ami Bartal, I., Rodgers, D. A., Bernardez Sarria, M. S., Decety, J., & Mason, P. (2014) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.01385 · Cited by 286
The social contexts of some very low frequency calls of African elephants
Poole, J. H., Payne, K., Langbauer, W. R., & Moss, C. J. (1988) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/bf00294975 · Cited by 283
Kin Selection in Primate Groups
Silk, J. B. (2002) · International Journal of Primatology · doi:10.1023/a:1015581016205 · Cited by 278
Oxytocin neurons enable social transmission of maternal behaviour
Carcea, I., Caraballo, N. L., Marlin, B. J., Ooyama, R., Riceberg, J. S., Mendoza Navarro, J. M., Opendak, M., Diaz, V. E., Schuster, L., Alvarado Torres, M. I., et al. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03814-7 · Cited by 268
A comparative analysis of non-offspring nursing
Packer, C., Lewis, S., & Pusey, A. (1992) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/s0003-3472(05)80222-2 · Cited by 244
Allomaternal care, life history and brain size evolution in mammals
Isler, K., & van Schaik, C. P. (2012) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.03.009 · Cited by 258
Dominance rank relationships among wild female African elephants, Loxodonta africana
Archie, E. A., Morrison, T. A., Foley, C., Moss, C. J., & Alberts, S. C. (2005) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2005.03.023 · Cited by 234
Evolutionary forces favoring intragroup coalitions among spotted hyenas and other animals
Smith, J. E., HORN, R. C. V., Powning, K. S., Cole, A. R., Graham, K. E., Memenis, S. K., & Holekamp, K. E. (2010) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/arp181 · Cited by 229
Elephants know when they need a helping trunk in a cooperative task
Plotnik, J. M., Lair, R., Suphachoksahakun, W., & de Waal, F. B. M. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1101765108 · Cited by 308
Mammoths, mastodonts and elephants: Biology, behavior, and the fossil record
Poole, J. H. (1992) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/0169-5347(92)90184-d · Cited by 205
Natal attraction: allomaternal care and mother–infant separations in wild bottlenose dolphins
Mann, J., & Smuts, B. B. (1998) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1006/anbe.1997.0637 · Cited by 201
GOBUSH, K. S., MUTAYOBA, B. M., & WASSER, S. K. (2008) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01035.x · Cited by 180
Reciprocal altruism in bats and other mammals
Wilkinson, G. S. (1988) · Ethology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1016/0162-3095(88)90015-5 · Cited by 173
Why do lactating females nurse alien offspring? A review of hypotheses and empirical evidence
Roulin, A. (2002) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1006/anbe.2001.1895 · Cited by 171
Hierarchical dominance structure and social organization in African elephants, Loxodonta africana
Wittemyer, G., & Getz, W. M. (2007) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.10.008 · Cited by 171
Coalitions in theory and reality: a review of pertinent variables and processes
Bissonnette, A., Perry, S., Barrett, L., Mitani, J. C., Flinn, M. V., Gavrilets, S., & de Waal, F. Β. Μ. (2014) · Behaviour · doi:10.1163/1568539x-00003241 · Cited by 151
Asian elephants ( Elephas maximus ) reassure others in distress
Plotnik, J. M., & de Waal, F. B. M. (2014) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.278 · Cited by 138
Rasmussen, L. E. L., & Schulte, B. A. (1998) · Animal Reproduction Science · doi:10.1016/s0378-4320(98)00124-9 · Cited by 138
A Comparison of Social Organization in Asian Elephants and African Savannah Elephants
de Silva, S., & Wittemyer, G. (2012) · International Journal of Primatology · doi:10.1007/s10764-011-9564-1 · Cited by 134
Field experiments in animal behaviour: methods and ethics
Cuthill, I. C. (1991) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/s0003-3472(05)80153-8 · Cited by 126
African elephant vocal communication I: antiphonal calling behaviour among affiliated females
Soltis, J., Leong, K., & Savage, A. (2005) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2004.11.015 · Cited by 111
Hamilton's legacy: kinship, cooperation and social tolerance in mammalian groups
Smith, J. E. (2014) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.02.029 · Cited by 119
Cooperative Care of Young in Mammals
König, B. (1997) · Die Naturwissenschaften · doi:10.1007/s001140050356 · Cited by 109
Bates, L. A., Lee, P. C., Njiraini, N., Poole, J. H., Sayialel, K. N., Sayialel, S., Moss, C. J., & Byrne, R. W. (2008) · Stirling Online Research Repository (University of Stirling) · Cited by 109
Wright, B., Stredulinsky, E. H., Ellis, G. M., & Ford, J. K. B. (2016) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.02.025 · Cited by 101
Nursing Behavior in Mexican Free‐tailed Bat Maternity Colonies
McCracken, G. F., & Gustin, M. K. (1991) · Ethology · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1991.tb00376.x · Cited by 100
Elephants and ethics: toward a morality of coexistence
(2009) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.46-3244 · Cited by 99
Archie, E. A., & Chiyo, P. I. (2011) · Molecular Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05237.x · Cited by 101
Kinship, association, and social complexity in bats
Wilkinson, G. S., Carter, G. G., Bohn, K. M., Caspers, B. A., Chaverri, G., Farine, D. R., Günther, L., Kerth, G., Knörnschild, M., Mayer, F., et al. (2019) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/s00265-018-2608-1 · Cited by 96
Use of nest trees by Antechinus stuartii, a semelparous lekking marsupial
Cockburn, A., & Lazenby-Cohen, K. A. (1992) · Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1992.tb07508.x · Cited by 95
Ivory poaching and the rapid evolution of tusklessness in African elephants
Campbell-Staton, S. C., Arnold, B. J., Gonçalves, D., Granli, P., Poole, J., Long, R. A., & Pringle, R. M. (2021) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abe7389 · Cited by 118
Wittemyer, G., Okello, J. B. A., Rasmussen, H. B., Arctander, P., Nyakaana, S., Douglas‐Hamilton, I., & SIEGISMUND, H. R. (2009) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2009.0941 · Cited by 95
Nearby grandmother enhances calf survival and reproduction in Asian elephants
Lahdenperä, M., Mar, K. U., & Lummaa, V. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep27213 · Cited by 104
Fine‐scale population genetic structure in a fission–fusion society
Archie, E. A., Maldonado, J. E., Hollister‐Smith, J. A., Poole, J. H., Moss, C. J., Fleischer, R. C., & Alberts, S. C. (2008) · Molecular Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.03797.x · Cited by 91
Communal Nesting among Genetically Similar House Mice
Wilkinson, G. S., & Baker, A. E. M. (1988) · Ethology · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1988.tb00196.x · Cited by 90
Social and reproductive behaviour in elephants
Vidya, T. N. C., & Sukumar, R. (2005) · NOT FOUND REPOSITORY (Indian Institute of Science Bangalore) · Cited by 89
Elephants in Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa: reconstruction of the population's history
Whitehouse, A. M., & Hall-Martin, A. J. (2000) · Oryx · doi:10.1046/j.1365-3008.2000.00093.x · Cited by 85
Gero, S., Engelhaupt, D., & Whitehead, H. (2008) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/s00265-008-0645-x · Cited by 82
How Elephants are Opening Doors: Developmental Neuroethology, Attachment and Social Context
Bradshaw, G. A., & Schore, A. N. (2007) · Ethology · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2007.01333.x · Cited by 80
Causes and correlates of calf mortality in captive Asian elephants (Elephas maximus)
Mar, K. U., Lahdenperä, M., & Lummaa, V. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032335 · Cited by 76
Communal nesting, kinship, and maternal success in a social primate
Baden, A. L., Wright, P. C., Louis, E. E., & Bradley, B. J. (2013) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/s00265-013-1601-y · Cited by 74
Quantifying forest elephant social structure in Central African bai environments
Fishlock, V., Lee, P. C., & Breuer, T. (2008) · Pachyderm · doi:10.69649/pachyderm.v44i.143 · Cited by 74
Calves as social hubs: dynamics of the social network within sperm whale units
Gero, S., Gordon, J. C. D., & Whitehead, H. (2013) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2013.1113 · Cited by 73
Allomaternal Nursing in Humans
Hewlett, B. S., & Winn, S. (2014) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/675657 · Cited by 69
Obstacles and opportunities for female leadership in mammalian societies: A comparative perspective
Smith, J. E., Ortiz, C. A., Buhbe, M. T., & van Vugt, M. (2018) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2018.09.005 · Cited by 71
Bates, L. A., Poole, J. H., & Byrne, R. W. (2008) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.04.019 · Cited by 63
Lee, P. C., & Moss, C. J. (2012) · Journal of comparative psychology · doi:10.1037/a0026566 · Cited by 63
Prado-Oviedo, N. A., Bonaparte-Saller, M. K., Malloy, E. J., Meehan, C. L., Mench, J. A., Carlstead, K., & Brown, J. L. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0154750 · Cited by 61
Developmental context effects on bicultural posttrauma self repair in chimpanzees.
Bradshaw, G. A., Capaldo, T., Lindner, L., & Grow, G. (2009) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0015860 · Cited by 66
Stanley, C. R., Mettke‐Hofmann, C., Hager, R., & Shultz, S. (2017) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.04.013 · Cited by 60
Silk, J. B., Drew Rendall, A., Cheney, D. L., & Seyfarth, R. M. (2003) · Ethology · doi:10.1046/j.1439-0310.2003.00907.x · Cited by 59
Stiner, M. C. (2017) · Biological Theory · doi:10.1007/s13752-017-0275-5 · Cited by 58
ELEPHANT POPULATION BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
van Aarde, R. J., Ferreira, S. M., Jackson, T. P., Page, B. R., Ernst, Y., Gough, K., Guldemond, R. A. R., Junker, J., Olivier, P. I., Ott, T., et al. (2008) · Wits University Press eBooks · doi:10.18772/22008034792.13 · Cited by 56
Embracing covariation in brain evolution
Charvet, C. J., & Finlay, B. L. (2012) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53860-4.00004-0 · Cited by 56
The consequences of poaching and anthropogenic change for forest elephants
Breuer, T., Maisels, F. G., & Fishlock, V. (2016) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/cobi.12679 · Cited by 56
Cooperative breeding and the emergence of multilevel societies in birds
Camerlenghi, E., McQueen, A., Delhey, K. J. V., Cook, C. N., Kingma, S. A., Farine, D. R., & Peters, A. (2022) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/ele.13950 · Cited by 53
DNA evidence for elephant social behaviour breakdown in Queen Elizabeth National Park, Uganda
Nyakaana, S., Abe, E., Arctander, P., & SIEGISMUND, H. R. (2001) · Animal Conservation · doi:10.1017/s1367943001001275 · Cited by 53
Seasonal variation in female Asian elephant social structure in Nagarahole-Bandipur, southern India
Nandini, S., Keerthipriya, P., & Vidya, T. N. C. (2017) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.10.012 · Cited by 49
Aid to a Declining Matriarch in the Giant Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis)
Davenport, L. C. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011385 · Cited by 50
Intergenerational Family Relations
Tanskanen, A. O., & Danielsbacka, M. (2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315107806 · Cited by 92
Pavelka, M. S. M., Fedigan, L. M., & Zohar, S. (2002) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1006/anbe.2002.3085 · Cited by 50
Allonursing in Tufted Capuchin Monkeys (Cebus nigritus): Milk or Pacifier?
Baldovino, M. C., & Bitetti, M. S. D. (2007) · Folia Primatologica · doi:10.1159/000108780 · Cited by 47
Meehan, C. L., Hogan, J. N., Bonaparte-Saller, M. K., & Mench, J. A. (2016) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146703 · Cited by 45
Orphaned female elephant social bonds reflect lack of access to mature adults
Goldenberg, S. Z., & Wittemyer, G. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14712-2 · Cited by 45
Looking for unity in diversity: human cooperative childcare in comparative perspective
Burkart, J. M., van Schaik, C. P., & Griesser, M. (2017) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2017.1184 · Cited by 42
Auclair, Y., König, B., Ferrari, M., Perony, N., & Lindholm, A. K. (2014) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.03.008 · Cited by 43
Infant Handling and Maternal Response in Japanese Macaques
Schino, G., Speranza, L., Ventura, R., & Troisi, A. (2003) · International Journal of Primatology · doi:10.1023/a:1023796531972 · Cited by 40
Oestrous state dynamics in chemical communication by captive female Asian elephants
Slade, B. E., Schulte, B. A., & Rasmussen, L. E. L. (2003) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1006/anbe.2003.2108 · Cited by 39
The sizes of elephant groups in zoos: implications for elephant welfare
Rees, P. A. (2009) · Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science · doi:10.1080/10888700802536699 · Cited by 38
Infant Handling Among Primates
Dunayer, E. S., & Berman, C. M. (2018) · International Journal of Comparative Psychology · doi:10.46867/ijcp.2018.31.02.06 · Cited by 38
Augusto, J. F., Frasier, T. R., & Whitehead, H. (2016) · Marine Mammal Science · doi:10.1111/mms.12377 · Cited by 38
Social determinants of affiliation and cohesion in a population of feral horses
Mendonça, R. S., Pinto, P., Inoue, S., Ringhofer, M., Godinho, R., & Hirata, S. (2021) · Applied Animal Behaviour Science · doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2021.105496 · Cited by 37
Social interactions in zoo-housed elephants: factors affecting social relationships
Williams, E., Carter, A., Hall, C., & Bremner-Harrison, S. (2019) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani9100747 · Cited by 36
Orphaning and natal group dispersal are associated with social costs in female elephants
Goldenberg, S. Z., & Wittemyer, G. (2018) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2018.07.002 · Cited by 36
Kin selection and allocare in sperm whales
Konrad, C. M., Frasier, T. R., Whitehead, H., & Gero, S. (2018) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/ary143 · Cited by 41
The Development of Social Play in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)
Mackey, A., Makecha, R. N., & Kuczaj, S. A. (2014) · Animal Behavior and Cognition · doi:10.12966/abc.02.02.2014 · Cited by 38
Thitaram, C., Dejchaisri, S., Somgird, C., Angkawanish, T., Brown, J. L., Phumphuay, R., Chomdech, S., & Kangwanpong, D. (2015) · Applied Animal Behaviour Science · doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2015.09.002 · Cited by 34
Freeman, E. W., Whyte, I. J., & Brown, J. L. (2008) · African Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.2008.00957.x · Cited by 35
Poaching of African elephants indirectly decreases population growth through lowered orphan survival
Parker, J., Webb, C. T., Daballen, D., Goldenberg, S. Z., Lepirei, J., Letitiya, D., Lolchuragi, D. S., Leadismo, C., Douglas‐Hamilton, I., & Wittemyer, G. (2021) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.06.091 · Cited by 34
Special Relationships between Female Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus) in Zoological Gardens
Garaï, M. E. (1992) · Ethology · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1992.tb00832.x · Cited by 33
Elephants as an animal model for self-domestication
Raviv, L., Jacobson, S. L., Plotnik, J. M., Bowman, J. D., Lynch, V. J., & Benítez‐Burraco, A. (2023) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2208607120 · Cited by 35
Reichert, S., Berger, V., Jackson, J., Chapman, S. N., Htut, W., Mar, K. U., & Lummaa, V. (2019) · Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2656.13049 · Cited by 33
Sexual Dimorphism of Parental Care: From Genes to Behavior
Zilkha, N., Scott, N., & Kimchi, T. (2017) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-072116-031447 · Cited by 33
Quinn, L. K., Schuster, L., Aguilar‐Rivera, M., Arnold, J., Ball, D., Gygi, E., Holt, J. R., Lee, D. J., Taufatofua, J., Wiles, J., et al. (2018) · Animal Behavior and Cognition · doi:10.26451/abc.05.04.04.2018 · Cited by 34
Druce, H. C., Mackey, R. L., & Slotow, R. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0027952 · Cited by 30
Rosenbaum, S., & Gettler, L. T. (2018) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.12.025 · Cited by 32
A new approach to estimate fecundity rate from inter‐birth intervals
Civil, M. A., Cheney, B. J., Quick, N. J., Thompson, P. M., & Hammond, P. S. (2017) · Ecosphere · doi:10.1002/ecs2.1796 · Cited by 31
Bonaparte-Saller, M. K., & Mench, J. A. (2017) · Applied Animal Behaviour Science · doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2017.10.011 · Cited by 29
Post‐natal growth of elephantsLoxodonta africanain Etosha National Park, Namibia
Lindeque, M., & van Jaarsveld, A. S. (1993) · Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1993.tb02639.x · Cited by 29
Early age reproduction in female savanna elephants (Loxodonta africana) after severe poaching
Owens, M., & OWENS, D. D. (2009) · African Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.2008.01001.x · Cited by 28
Williams, E., Carter, A., Hall, C., & Bremner-Harrison, S. (2019) · Applied Animal Behaviour Science · doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2019.104876 · Cited by 26
Pokharel, S. S., Seshagiri, P. B., & Sukumar, R. (2019) · Wildlife Research · doi:10.1071/wr18163 · Cited by 27
Morgan, B. J., & Lee, P. C. (2003) · Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1017/s0952836902003291 · Cited by 28
Elephant are not beetles: implications of the ivory trade for the survival of the African elephant
Poole, J. H., & Thomsen, J. B. (1989) · Oryx · doi:10.1017/s0030605300023012 · Cited by 27
Metadata
- Authors
- Lee, P. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, P.C.
- ORCID
- Lee, P.C.
- Venue
- Animal Behaviour
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1987-02
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 278-291
- ISSN
- 0003-3472 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1964721412
- Cited by
- 253
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 4.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Animal Behaviour (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Geographic Society
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Keywords
- allomothering, Loxodonta africana, calf care, family unit, kinship, maternal investment, social behavior, suckling, female kinship
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review