Cited by 964Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchPsychoanalysis and Psychopathology ResearchTraumatic Brain Injury Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Pilot study of secondary prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder with propranolol

Pitman, Roger K., Sanders, Kathy M., Zusman, Randall M., Healy, Anna R., Cheema, Farah, Lasko, Natasha B., Cahill, Larry, Orr, Scott P.·2002·Biological Psychiatry

DOI 10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01279-3

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background Preclinical considerations suggest that treatment with a beta-adrenergic blocker following an acute psychologically traumatic event may reduce subsequent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. This pilot study addressed this hypothesis. Methods Patients were randomized to begin, within 6 hours of the event, a 10-day course of double-blind propranolol (n = 18) versus placebo (n = 23) 40 mg four times daily. Results The mean (SD) 1-month Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) score of 11 propranolol completers was 27.6 (15.7), with one outlier 5.2 SDs above the others' mean, and of 20 placebo completers, 35.5 (21.5), t = 1.1, df = 29, p =.15. Two propranolol patients' scores fell above, and nine below, the placebo group's median, p =.03 (sign test). Zero of eight propranolol, but six of 14 placebo, patients were physiologic responders during script-driven imagery of the traumatic event when tested 3 months afterward, p =.04 (all p values one-tailed). Conclusions These pilot results suggest that acute, posttrauma propranolol may have a preventive effect on subsequent PTSD.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01279-3

Cites

11 of 11 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
The development of a Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale
Blake, D. D., Weathers, F. W., Nagy, L. M., Kaloupek, D. G., Gusman, F. D., Charney, D. S., & Keane, T. M. (1995) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.2490080106 · Cited by 5,024
β-Adrenergic activation and memory for emotional events
Cahill, L., Prins, B., Weber, M., & McGaugh, J. L. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/371702a0 · Cited by 1,271
Self-citation
Neural Correlates of Motor Memory Consolidation
Shadmehr, R., & Holcomb, H. H. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.277.5327.821 · Cited by 1,022
Psychophysiologic assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder imagery in Vietnam combat veterans
Pitman, R. K. (1987) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1987.01800230050009 · Cited by 758
Self-citation
Post-traumatic stress disorder, hormones, and memory.
Pitman, R. (1989) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0006-3223(89)90033-4 · Cited by 447
Self-citation
Memory for emotional events: differential effects of centrally versus peripherally acting β-blocking agents
van Stegeren, A. H., Everaerd, W., Cahill, L., McGaugh, J. L., & Gooren, L. J. G. (1998) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130050675 · Cited by 230
Self-citation
Significance and Remembrance: The Role of Neuromodulatory Systems
McGaugh, J. L. (1990) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1990.tb00060.x · Cited by 140
Impaired Memory Consolidation in Rats Produced with β-Adrenergic Blockade
Cahill, L. F., Pham, C. A., & Setlow, B. (2000) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1006/nlme.1999.3950 · Cited by 124
Self-citation
Stress‐Activated Hormonal Systems and the Regulation of Memory Storage a
Roozendaal, B., Quirarte, G. L., & McGaugh, J. L. (1997) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb48284.x · Cited by 95

Show all 11 references

Sorted by citations

The Impact of Event Scale: Revised
Weiss, D. S. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-70990-1_10 · Cited by 3,053
Cognitive neuroscience of emotional memory
LaBar, K. S., & Cabeza, R. (2006) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1825 · Cited by 1,834
Five Essential Elements of Immediate and Mid–Term Mass Trauma Intervention: Empirical Evidence
Hobfoll, S. E., Watson, P., Bell, C. C., Bryant, R. A., Brymer, M. J., Friedman, M. J., Friedman, M., Gersons, B. P. R., de Jong, J. T. V. M., Layne, C. M., et al. (2007) · Psychiatry · doi:10.1521/psyc.2007.70.4.283 · Cited by 1,751
Biological studies of post-traumatic stress disorder
Pitman, R. K., Rasmusson, A. M., Koenen, K. C., Shin, L. M., Orr, S. P., Gilbertson, M. W., Milad, M. R., & Liberzon, I. (2012) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3339 · Cited by 1,529
Self-citation
Neurobiology of resilience
Russo, S. J., Murrough, J. W., Han, M.-H., Charney, D. S., & Nestler, E. J. (2012) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3234 · Cited by 1,206
Canadian clinical practice guidelines for the management of anxiety, posttraumatic stress and obsessive-compulsive disorders
Katzman, M. A., Bleau, P., Blier, P., Chokka, P., Kjernisted, K., Van Ameringen, M., & the Canadian Anxiety Guidelines Initiative Group on behalf of the Anxiety Disorders Association of Canada/Association Canadienne des troubles anxieux and McGill University (2014) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-14-s1-s1 · Cited by 1,090
Gender differences in posttraumatic stress disorder.
Olff, M., Langeland, W., Draijer, N., & Gersons, B. P. R. (2007) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.2.183 · Cited by 1,058
Targeting abnormal neural circuits in mood and anxiety disorders: from the laboratory to the clinic
Ressler, K. J., & Mayberg, H. S. (2007) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1944 · Cited by 1,007
Post-traumatic stress disorder.
Yehuda, R., Hoge, C. W., McFarlane, A. C., Vermetten, E., Lanius, R. A., Nievergelt, C. M., Hobfoll, S. E., Koenen, K. C., Neylan, T. C., & Hyman, S. E. (2015) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2015.57 · Cited by 870
What Is a “Mood Stabilizer”? An Evidence-Based Response
Bauer, M. S., & Mitchner, L. (2003) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.1.3 · Cited by 865
World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for the Pharmacological Treatment of Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders – First Revision
Bandelow, B., Zohar, J., Hollander, E., Kasper, S., Möller, H., & WFSBP Task Force on Treatment Guide (2008) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/15622970802465807 · Cited by 884
Molecular mechanisms of memory reconsolidation
Tronson, N. C., & Taylor, J. R. (2007) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2090 · Cited by 810
Response Variation following Trauma: A Translational Neuroscience Approach to Understanding PTSD
Yehuda, R., & LeDoux, J. E. (2007) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2007.09.006 · Cited by 841
Understanding the co-occurrence of anxiety disorders and chronic pain: state-of-the-art
Asmundson, G. J. G., & Katz, J. (2009) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20600 · Cited by 756
Post-traumatic stress disorder: the neurobiological impact of psychological trauma
Sherin, J. E., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2011) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2011.13.2/jsherin · Cited by 750
Cognitive Enhancement: Methods, Ethics, Regulatory Challenges
Bostrom, N., & Sandberg, A. (2009) · Science and Engineering Ethics · doi:10.1007/s11948-009-9142-5 · Cited by 786
Beyond therapy: biotechnology and the pursuit of happiness
President's Council on Bioethics (United States) (2004) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.42-1550 · Cited by 703
PTSD and the experience of pain: Research and clinical implications of shared vulnerability and mutual maintenance models
Asmundson, G. J., Coons, M. J., Taylor, S., & Katz, J. (2002) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674370204701004 · Cited by 695
Evidence-based pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder: A revision of the 2005 guidelines from the British Association for Psychopharmacology
Baldwin, D. S., Anderson, I. M., Nutt, D. J., Allgulander, C., Bandelow, B., den Boer, J. A., Christmas, D. M., Davies, S., Fineberg, N., Lidbetter, N., et al. (2014) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881114525674 · Cited by 676
Neurocognitive enhancement: what can we do and what should we do?
Farah, M. J., Illes, J., Cook-Deegan, R. M., Gardner, H., Kandel, E. R., King, P., Parens, E., Sahakian, B. J., & Wolpe, P. R. (2004) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1390 · Cited by 653
Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders: recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology
Baldwin, D. S., Anderson, I. M., Nutt, D. J., Bandelow, B., Bond, A., Davidson, J. R. T., den Boer, J. A., Fineberg, N. A., Knapp, M., Scott, J., et al. (2005) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881105059253 · Cited by 617
Disruption of reconsolidation but not consolidation of auditory fear conditioning by noradrenergic blockade in the amygdala
Dębiec, J., & Ledoux, J. E. (2004) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.08.018 · Cited by 602
Memory reconsolidation, emotional arousal, and the process of change in psychotherapy: New insights from brain science
Lane, R. D., Ryan, L., Nadel, L., & Greenberg, L. S. (2014) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x14000041 · Cited by 611
The Influence of Stress Hormones on Fear Circuitry
Rodrigues, S. M., LeDoux, J. E., & Sapolsky, R. M. (2009) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.051508.135620 · Cited by 556
Effect of post-retrieval propranolol on psychophysiologic responding during subsequent script-driven traumatic imagery in post-traumatic stress disorder
Brunet, A., Orr, S. P., Tremblay, J., Robertson, K., Nader, K., & Pitman, R. K. (2008) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2007.05.006 · Cited by 548
Self-citation
Post‐traumatic stress disorder: a state‐of‐the‐art review of evidence and challenges
Bryant, R. A. (2019) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20656 · Cited by 528
Pharmacotherapy for post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Stein, D. J., Ipser, J. C., Seedat, S., Sager, C., & Amos, T. (2006) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002795.pub2 · Cited by 519
Glucocorticoids and the regulation of memory in health and disease
de Quervain, D. J. ‐., Aerni, A., Schelling, G., & Roozendaal, B. (2009) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2009.03.002 · Cited by 525
Immediate treatment with propranolol decreases posttraumatic stress disorder two months after trauma
Vaiva, G., Ducrocq, F., Jezequel, K., Averland, B., Lestavel, P., Brunet, A., & Marmar, C. R. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00412-8 · Cited by 499
Freeze, Flight, Fight, Fright, Faint: Adaptationist Perspectives on the Acute Stress Response Spectrum
Bracha, H. S. (2004) · CNS Spectrums · doi:10.1017/s1092852900001954 · Cited by 497
A memory-based model of posttraumatic stress disorder: Evaluating basic assumptions underlying the PTSD diagnosis.
Rubin, D. C., Berntsen, D., & Bohni, M. K. (2008) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/a0013397 · Cited by 533
Stress, glucocorticoids and memory: implications for treating fear-related disorders
de Quervain, D., Schwabe, L., & Roozendaal, B. (2017) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn.2016.155 · Cited by 484
Implications of memory modulation for post-traumatic stress and fear disorders
Parsons, R. G., & Ressler, K. J. (2013) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3296 · Cited by 476
Context Processing and the Neurobiology of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Liberzon, I., & Abelson, J. L. (2016) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2016.09.039 · Cited by 489
How the Neurocircuitry and Genetics of Fear Inhibition May Inform Our Understanding of PTSD
Jovanović, T., & Ressler, K. J. (2010) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09071074 · Cited by 457
An examination of the relationship between chronic pain and post-traumatic stress disorder
Otis, J. D., Keane, T. M., & Kerns, R. D. (2003) · The Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development · doi:10.1682/jrrd.2003.09.0397 · Cited by 431
Can Playing the Computer Game “Tetris” Reduce the Build-Up of Flashbacks for Trauma? A Proposal from Cognitive Science
Holmes, E. A., James, E. L., Coode-Bate, T., & Deeprose, C. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0004153 · Cited by 416
Cognitive processes during fear acquisition and extinction in animals and humans: Implications for exposure therapy of anxiety disorders
Hofmann, S. G. (2008) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2007.04.009 · Cited by 397
A Distinct Role for Norepinephrine in Memory Retrieval
Murchison, C., Zhang, X., Zhang, W., Ouyang, M., Lee, A., & THOMAS, S. A. (2004) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(04)00259-4 · Cited by 421
Emotion and cognition interactions in PTSD: a review of neurocognitive and neuroimaging studies
Hayes, J. P., VanElzakker, M. B., & Shin, L. M. (2012) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2012.00089 · Cited by 393
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Etiology, Epidemiology, and Treatment Outcome
Keane, T. M., Marshall, A. D., & Taft, C. T. (2006) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.2.022305.095305 · Cited by 393
Mechanisms of exposure therapy: How neuroscience can improve psychological treatments for anxiety disorders
McNally, R. J. (2007) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2007.01.003 · Cited by 348
A Randomized Effectiveness Trial of Stepped Collaborative Care forAcutely Injured Trauma Survivors
Zatzick, D., Roy‐Byrne, P., Russo, J. E., Rivara, F. P., Droesch, R. M., Wagner, A. W., Dunn, C. W., Jurkovich, G. J., Uehara, E. S., & Katon, W. J. (2004) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.61.5.498 · Cited by 350
Rethinking extinction
Dunsmoor, J. E., Niv, Y., Daw, N., & Phelps, E. A. (2015) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2015.09.028 · Cited by 329
Australian Guidelines for the Treatment of Adults with Acute Stress Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Forbes, D., Creamer, M. C., Phelps, A. J., Bryant, R. A., McFARLANE, A. C., Devilly, G. J., Matthews, L. R., Raphael, B., Doran, C. M., Merlin, T., et al. (2007) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/00048670701449161 · Cited by 336
Trauma Reactivation Under the Influence of Propranolol Decreases Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Disorder: 3 Open-Label Trials
Brunet, A., Poundja, J., Tremblay, J., Bui, É., Thomas, É., Orr, S. P., Azzoug, A., Birmes, P., & Pitman, R. K. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0b013e318222f360 · Cited by 331
Self-citation
Resilience: research evidence and conceptual considerations for posttraumatic stress disorder
Hoge, E. A., Austin, E. D., & Pollack, M. H. (2006) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20175 · Cited by 358
Psychobiological mechanisms of resilience: Relevance to prevention and treatment of stress-related psychopathology
Haglund, M., Nestadt, P. S., Cooper, N. S., Southwick, S. M., & Charney, D. S. (2007) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579407000430 · Cited by 331
Noradrenergic dysfunction and the psychopharmacology of posttraumatic stress disorder
Strawn, J. R., & Geracioti, T. D. (2007) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20292 · Cited by 325
EARLY INTERVENTIONS FOR PTSD: A REVIEW: Review: Early Intervention
Kearns, M. C., Ressler, K. J., Zatzick, D., & Rothbaum, B. O. (2012) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.21997 · Cited by 310
Current status on behavioral and biological markers of PTSD: A search for clarity in a conflicting literature
Zoladz, P. R., & Diamond, D. M. (2013) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.03.024 · Cited by 339
Early intervention may prevent the development of posttraumatic stress disorder: A randomized pilot civilian study with modified prolonged exposure
Rothbaum, B. O., Kearns, M. C., Price, M., Malcoun, E., Davis, M., Ressler, K. J., Lang, D., & Houry, D. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.06.002 · Cited by 305
Neuroethics: the practical and the philosophical
Farah, M. J. (2004) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2004.12.001 · Cited by 292
Risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms following critical illness requiring mechanical ventilation: a prospective cohort study
Girard, T. D., Shintani, A., Jackson, J. C., Gordon, S. M., Pun, B. T., Henderson, M. S., Dittus, R. S., Bernard, G. R., & Ely, E. W. (2007) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc5708 · Cited by 286
Prevention of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder by Early Treatment
Shalev, A. Y. (2011) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.127 · Cited by 294
Making lasting memories: Remembering the significant
McGaugh, J. L. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1301209110 · Cited by 311
Perioperative Use of β-blockers and COX-2 Inhibitors May Improve Immune Competence and Reduce the Risk of Tumor Metastasis
Benish, M., Bartal, I., Goldfarb, Y., Levi, B., Avraham, R., Raz, A., & Ben-Eliyahu, S. (2008) · Annals of Surgical Oncology · doi:10.1245/s10434-008-9890-5 · Cited by 281
Key Steps in Developing a Cognitive Vaccine against Traumatic Flashbacks: Visuospatial Tetris versus Verbal Pub Quiz
Holmes, E. A., James, E. L., Kilford, E. J., & Deeprose, C. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013706 · Cited by 273
Assessing mental imagery in clinical psychology: A review of imagery measures and a guiding framework
Pearson, D., Deeprose, C., Wallace-Hadrill, S. M. A., Heyes, S. B., & Holmes, E. A. (2012) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2012.09.001 · Cited by 314
Cross-Cultural Assessment of Psychological Trauma and PTSD
Wilson, J. P. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-70990-1 · Cited by 289
The Development of Persistent Pain and Psychological Morbidity After Motor Vehicle Collision: Integrating the Potential Role of Stress Response Systems Into a Biopsychosocial Model
McLean, S. A., Clauw, D. J., Abelson, J. L., & Liberzon, I. (2005) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000181276.49204.bb · Cited by 279
Memory formation under stress: Quantity and quality
Schwabe, L., Wolf, O. T., & Oitzl, M. S. (2009) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.11.015 · Cited by 268
Preventing intrusive memories after trauma via a brief intervention involving Tetris computer game play in the emergency department: A proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial
Iyadurai, L., Blackwell, S. E., Meiser-Stedman, R., Watson, P. C., Bonsall, M. B., Geddes, J. R., Nobre, A. C., & Holmes, E. A. (2018) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2017.23 · Cited by 266
Sex differences in the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system and its regulation by stress
Bangasser, D. A., Wiersielis, K., & Khantsis, S. (2015) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2015.11.021 · Cited by 278
Pharmacotherapy to prevent PTSD: Results from a randomized controlled proof‐of‐concept trial in physically injured patients
Stein, M. B., Kerridge, C., Dimsdale, J. E., & Hoyt, D. B. (2007) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.20270 · Cited by 249
Drug enhancement of memory consolidation: historical perspective and neurobiological implications
McGaugh, J. L., & Roozendaal, B. (2008) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1285-6 · Cited by 250
Conceptually Driven Pharmacologic Approaches to Acute Trauma
Pitman, R. K., & Delahanty, D. L. (2005) · CNS Spectrums · doi:10.1017/s109285290001943x · Cited by 252
Self-citation
Postreactivation Glucocorticoids Impair Recall of Established Fear Memory
Cai, W.-H., Blundell, J. J., Han, J., Greene, R. W., & Powell, C. M. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2397-06.2006 · Cited by 249
Novel pharmacological targets in drug development for the treatment of anxiety and anxiety-related disorders
Sartori, S. B., & Singewald, N. (2019) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107402 · Cited by 236
Propranolol’s effects on the consolidation and reconsolidation of long-term emotional memory in healthy participants: a meta-analysis
Lonergan, M. H., Olivera-Figueroa, L. A., Pitman, R. K., & Brunet, A. (2013) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1503/jpn.120111 · Cited by 237
Self-citation
Reconsolidation of Human Memory: Brain Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance
Schwabe, L., Nader, K., & Pruessner, J. C. (2014) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.03.008 · Cited by 261
Emerging treatments for PTSD
Cukor, J., Spitalnick, J. S., Difede, J., Rizzo, A., & ROTHBAUM, B. O. (2009) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.09.001 · Cited by 250
Noradrenergic enhancement of reconsolidation in the amygdala impairs extinction of conditioned fear in rats-a possible mechanism for the persistence of traumatic memories in PTSD
Dębiec, J., Bush, D. E. A., & LeDoux, J. E. (2011) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20803 · Cited by 227
Noradrenergic Signaling in the Amygdala Contributes to the Reconsolidation of Fear Memory
Dębiec, J., & LeDoux, J. E. (2006) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1364.056 · Cited by 221
Neuroethics: a modern context for ethics in neuroscience
Illes, J., & Bird, S. J. (2006) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2006.07.002 · Cited by 231
Understanding resilience: New approaches for preventing and treating PTSD
Horn, S. R. G.-V., Charney, D. S., & Feder, A. (2016) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.07.002 · Cited by 240
Interacting brain systems modulate memory consolidation
McIntyre, C. K., McGaugh, J. L., & Williams, C. L. (2011) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.11.001 · Cited by 243
The neural basis of flashback formation: the impact of viewing trauma
Bourne, C., Mackay, C. E., & Holmes, E. A. (2013) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291712002358 · Cited by 218
Noradrenergic activation of the basolateral amygdala modulates consolidation of object recognition memory
Roozendaal, B., Castello, N. A., Vedana, G., Barsegyan, A., & McGaugh, J. L. (2008) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2008.06.010 · Cited by 216
A Study of the Protective Function of Acute Morphine Administration on Subsequent Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Bryant, R. A., Creamer, M. C., O'Donnell, M. L., Silove, D. M., & McFARLANE, A. C. (2008) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.10.032 · Cited by 210
Prevention of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder After Trauma: Current Evidence and Future Directions
Qi, W., Gevonden, M. J., & Shalev, A. Y. (2016) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-015-0655-0 · Cited by 209
Early post-stressor intervention with propranolol is ineffective in preventing posttraumatic stress responses in an animal model for PTSD
Cohen, H., Kaplan, Z., Koresh, O., Matar, M. A., Geva, A. B., & Zohar, J. (2010) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2010.11.011 · Cited by 204
Neuroethics: Challenges for the 21st Century
Levy, N. L. (2007) · Cited by 204
Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors & CNS Disorders
Bowie, D. (2008) · CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/187152708784083821 · Cited by 207
Does Memory of a Traumatic Event Increase the Risk for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury? A Prospective Study
Gil, S., Caspi, Y., Ben-Ari, I. Z., Koren, D., & Klein, E. (2005) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.5.963 · Cited by 205
Botox for the brain: enhancement of cognition, mood and pro-social behavior and blunting of unwanted memories
de Jongh, R., Bolt, I. L. L. E., Schermer, M., & Olivier, B. (2008) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.12.001 · Cited by 198
Noradrenergic Modulation of Fear Conditioning and Extinction
Giustino, T. F., & Maren, S. (2018) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00043 · Cited by 203
Neural Signature of Reconsolidation Impairments by Propranolol in Humans
Schwabe, L., Nader, K., Wolf, O. T., Beaudry, T., & Pruessner, J. C. (2011) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.10.028 · Cited by 188
Pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders: Current treatments and future directions
Farach, F. J., Pruitt, L. D., Jun, J. J., Jerud, A. B., Zoellner, L. A., & Roy‐Byrne, P. (2012) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2012.07.009 · Cited by 202
Pharmacological treatment of PTSD – Established and new approaches
Steckler, T., & Risbrough, V. B. (2011) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.06.012 · Cited by 188
Monitoring and Manipulating Brain Function: New Neuroscience Technologies and Their Ethical Implications.
Farah, M. J., & Wolpe, P. R. (2004) · The Hastings Center Report · doi:10.2307/3528418 · Cited by 178
The role of the immune system in posttraumatic stress disorder
Katrinli, Ş., Oliveira, N. C. D. S., Felger, J. C., Michopoulos, V., & Smith, A. K. (2022) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-022-02094-7 · Cited by 201
Cosmetic neurology
Chatterjee, A. K. (2004) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000138438.88589.7c · Cited by 178
A deletion variant of the α2b-adrenoceptor is related to emotional memory in Europeans and Africans
de Quervain, D. J. ‐., Kolassa, I., Ertl, V., Onyut, L. P., Neuner, F., Elbert, T. R., & Papassotiropoulos, A. (2007) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1945 · Cited by 176
Understanding the Behavioral and Emotional Consequences of Child Abuse
Stirling, J., Amaya-Jackson, L. M., & Amaya-Jackson, L. M. (2008) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2008-1885 · Cited by 181
Understanding posttraumatic stress disorder-related symptoms after critical care: The early illness amnesia hypothesis*
Granja, C., Gomes, E., Amaro, A., Ribeiro, O., Jones, C., Carneiro, A., & Costa‐Pereira, A. (2008) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e318186a3e7 · Cited by 175
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Acquisition, Recognition, Course, and Treatment
Davidson, J. R. T., Stein, D. J., Shalev, A. Y., & Yehuda, R. (2004) · Journal of Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1176/jnp.16.2.135 · Cited by 183
Effect of Acute Posttrauma Propranolol on PTSD Outcome and Physiological Responses During Script‐Driven Imagery
Hoge, E. A., Worthington, J. J., Nagurney, J. T., Chang, Y., Kay, E. B., Feterowski, C. M., Katzman, A. R., Goetz, J. M., Rosasco, M. L., Lasko, N. B., et al. (2012) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1755-5949.2010.00227.x · Cited by 174
Self-citation
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Women
Seedat, S., Stein, D. J., & Carey, P. D. (2005) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.2165/00023210-200519050-00004 · Cited by 174
Evolution and ontogeny of stress response to social challenges in the human child
FLINN, M. (2006) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2006.02.003 · Cited by 173

Authors: Pitman, R. K., Sanders, K. M., Zusman, R. M., Healy, A. R., Cheema, F., Lasko, N. B., Cahill, L., & Orr, S. P.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
University of California, Irvine (US)
Corresponding author: Pitman, Roger K.
ORCID: Pitman, Roger K.
Orr, Scott P.
Venue: Biological Psychiatry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2002-01
Volume: 51
Issue: 2
Pages: 189-192
ISSN: 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01279-3
OpenAlex: W2026396276
Cited by: 964
References: 11
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 65 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 51 · 2013: 49 · 2012: 53
FWCI: 54.91
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01mh058671-02)
National Institute of Mental Health (MH58671)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, propranolol, beta-blockers, secondary prevention, early intervention, script-driven imagery, physiological reactivity, Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale
MeSH terms: Accidents, Traffic, Adult, Arousal, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Drug Administration Schedule, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Humans, Male, Pilot Projects, Propranolol, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Pilot study of secondary prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder with propranolol

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks