Insulin, androgens, and obesity in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome: a heterogeneous group of disorders
Open accessAbstract
Objective To analyze the correlations among insulin, androgens, body mass index (BMI), and other related metabolic anomalies in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Design Retrospective study of normal and obese women with and without PCOS.Setting Gynecologic endocrinology units of Elche, San Juan, and Alicante Hospitals and Hormone Laboratory at Alicante University Hospital ("Miguel Hernández" University).Patient(s) A total of 212 women were studied: 137 with PCOS and 75 without PCOS.Intervention(s) BMI, gonadotropins, insulin, androgens (T, androstenedione, DHEAS), 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, and triglycerides were studied. Glycemia and insulin response to the tolerance test (GTT) with a 100-g oral glucose load were also assessed in 103 women.Result(s) A good correlation between insulin and BMI was found in normal and obese women without hormonal dysfunction and in patients with or without PCOS. Good correlations, although lower, between insulin and T, and BMI, insulin, and T with triglycerides were also found in patients with PCOS. These patients fell into clearly distinct categories: with or without insulin resistance and with or without obesity, but slim women with PCOS had insulin and metabolic variables similar to those without PCOS, and most obese women with PCOS were insulin-resistant and more hyperandrogenic and hypertriglyceridemic.Conclusion(s) Insulin, androgens, and BMI are related in women both with PCOS and without PCOS, especially in obese ones. Insulin and metabolic indices are similar in lean women with PCOS and those without PCOS, but obese women with PCOS are more insulin-resistant, hyperandrogenic, and hypertriglyceridemic. Three types of disorders can be distinguished: simple nonhyperandrogenic obesity, typical nonhyperinsulinemic PCOS, and insulin-resistant PCOS.
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IR is further exacerbated by excess weight.
“and is further exacerbated by excess weight. 20,21,102”
From Assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Summary of an evidence-based guideline (2011) · cites this paper as [102]
Excess weight increases the risk of developing PCOS.
“Excess weight increases the risk of developing PCOS”
From Assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Summary of an evidence-based guideline (2011) · cites this paper as [102]
Excess weight increases the clinical severity of PCOS by exacerbating both androgen and insulin levels.
“and increases the clinical severity of the condition by exacerbating both androgen and insulin levels. 93,102”
From Assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Summary of an evidence-based guideline (2011) · cites this paper as [102]
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- Authors
- Acién, P., Quereda, F., Matallı́n, P., Villarroya, E., López-Fernández, J. A., Acién, M., Mauri, M., & Alfayate, R.
- Affiliations
- Universitat de Miguel Hernández d'Elx (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Acién, Pedro
- Venue
- Fertility and Sterility
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1999-07
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 32-40
- ISSN
- 0015-0282 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2012212806
- Cited by
- 170
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 7.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Fertility and Sterility (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Keywords
- polycystic ovary syndrome, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, obesity, body mass index, insulin, androgens, testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, hypertriglyceridemia, insulin tolerance test, metabolic heterogeneity, lean PCOS
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Androgens, Androstenedione, Blood Glucose, Female, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Obesity, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Retrospective Studies, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Testosterone, Triglycerides, Body Mass Index, 17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone
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