Cited by 920Memory Processes and InfluencesEpistemology, Ethics, and MetaphysicsPsychometric Methodologies and Testing

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Frequency and the conference of referential validity

Hasher, Lynn, Goldstein, David, Toppino, Thomas·1977·Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior

DOI 10.1016/s0022-5371(77)80012-1

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Authors: Hasher, L., Goldstein, D., & Toppino, T.
Affiliations: Temple University (US)
Villanova University (US)
Corresponding author: Hasher, Lynn
ORCID: Toppino, Thomas
Venue: Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1977-02
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Pages: 107-112
ISSN: 0022-5371 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5371(77)80012-1
OpenAlex: W2034532433
Cited by: 920
References: 16
Citations by year: 2026: 76 · 2025: 61 · 2024: 76 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 83 · 2021: 76 · 2020: 75 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 1.31
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Keywords: frequency of occurrence, confidence ratings

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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Frequency and the conference of referential validity

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Integrity signals

Verification

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