PTSD symptoms and cognitive performance in recent trauma survivors
Abstract
Chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been associated with cognitive impairments involving memory and attention. The association between cognitive impairment and early PTSD symptoms is unknown, yet such association may lead to poorer processing of traumatic memories and thereby contribute to subsequent PTSD. This study evaluated the relationship between PTSD symptoms and cognitive functioning within 10 days of traumatic events. Forty-eight survivors were assessed for symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, depression and dissociation and for immediate and delayed verbal and figural memory, attention, learning and IQ. Survivors with high levels of PTSD symptoms showed impaired attention and immediate recall for figural information and lower IQ. They did not show, however, an impairment of verbal recall and learning. The observed difference was not explained by anxiety or dissociation. It disappeared, however, when the effect of depressive symptoms was controlled for. Lower IQ and impaired attention are associated with early PTSD and depressive symptoms. Poorer attention may have a role in shaping traumatic memories.
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These cognitive impairments were no longer significant when depressive symptoms were controlled for.
“these cognitive impairments were no longer significant when depressive symptoms were controlled for”
From A review of the relation between dissociation, memory, executive functioning and social cognition in military members and civilians with neuropsychiatric conditions (2016) · cites this paper as Brandes et al., 2002
In a study investigating neuropsychological dysfunction following a recent trauma, peritraumatic dissociation was not associated with impaired performance on tasks assessing visuospatial memory and attention among individuals with high levels of PTSD symptoms.
“peritraumatic dissociation (dissociation that occurred during the event) was not associated with impaired performance on tasks assessing visuospatial memory and attention among individuals with high levels of PTSD symptoms (Brandes et al., 2002).”
From A review of the relation between dissociation, memory, executive functioning and social cognition in military members and civilians with neuropsychiatric conditions (2016) · cites this paper as Brandes et al., 2002
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- Authors
- Brandes, D., Ben-Schachar, G., Gilboa, A., Bonne, O., Freedman, S., & Shalev, A. Y.
- Affiliations
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem (IL)
- Hadassah Medical Center (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Shalev, Arieh Y
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-07
- Volume
- 110
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 231-238
- ISSN
- 0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2051270857
- Cited by
- 205
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 7.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (NH 50374)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, posttraumatic stress symptoms, cognitive impairment, attention, verbal memory, figural memory, IQ, depressive symptoms, anxiety, dissociation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Chronic Disease, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Severity of Illness Index, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Survivors
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