Neurocognitive function in monozygotic twins discordant for combat exposure: relationship to posttraumatic stress disorder.
Abstract
Neuropsychological deficits have been reported among trauma survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is often assumed that these cognitive difficulties are toxic consequences of trauma exposure. Alternatively, they may reflect preexisting characteristics that contribute to the likelihood of developing PTSD. To address this possibility, the authors evaluated cognitive performance in monozygotic twin pairs who were discordant for combat exposure. Pairs were grouped according to whether the combat-exposed brother developed PTSD. The combat-unexposed cotwins of combat veterans with PTSD largely displayed the same performance as their brothers, which was significantly lower than that of non-PTSD combat veterans and their brothers. The results support the notion that specific domains of cognitive function may serve as premorbid risk or protective factors in PTSD.
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EF deficits are present in attenuated form in unaffected family members of individuals with schizophrenia, BD, OCD, and PTSD.
“Moreover, there is some evidence that EF deficits are primarily state-independent (manifest even when illness symptoms are not present, (e.g., Kurtz and Gerraty, 2009; Snyder, 2013) and present in attenuated form in unaffected family members of individuals with schizophrenia, BD, OCD, and PTSD, suggesting EF deficits may be an endophenotype for many forms of psychopathology (e.g., Barch, 2005; Gil”
From Advancing understanding of executive function impairments and psychopathology: bridging the gap between clinical and cognitive approaches (2015) · cites this paper as Gilbertson et al., 2006
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- Authors
- Gilbertson, M. W., Paulus, L. A., Williston, S. K., Gurvits, T. V., Lasko, N. B., Pitman, R. K., & Orr, S. P.
- Affiliations
- Manchester VA Medical Center (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology
- Published
- 2006-08
- Volume
- 115
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 484-495
- ISSN
- 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1846
- OpenAlex
- W1982716251
- Cited by
- 186
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 10.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- US Department of Veterans Affairs
- US Public Health Service (R01-MH54636)
- US Public Heath Service (K02-MH01110)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, combat exposure, monozygotic twins, discordant twins, neurocognitive function, premorbid risk factors, protective factors, combat veterans, cognitive performance
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Cognition Disorders, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Severity of Illness Index, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Twins, Monozygotic, Warfare
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