The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 19 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Project management: cost, time and quality, two best guesses and a phenomenon, its time to accept other success criteria
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“The success criteria of projects are determined by cost, quality, and time [29,30], also called the 'iron or golden triangle'.”
From Blockchain Technology: Potential Applications for Public Sector E-Procurement and Project Management (2022) · cites this paper as [29]
In the citing paper
“In the world of production, the ideal outcome is often a trade-off between good (quality), fast (time), and cheap (cost), with firms rarely achieving all 3.11”
From Outcomes and Complications of the Mustardé Otoplasty: A “Good–Fast–Cheap” Technique for the Prominent Ear Deformity (2020) · cites this paper as [11]
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Items 201–300 of 1,000
The changing landscape of IS project failure: an examination of the key factors
Hughes, D. L., Rana, N. P., & Simintiras, A. C. (2017) · Journal of Enterprise Information Management · doi:10.1108/jeim-01-2016-0029 · Cited by 80
“The change in emphasis from a somewhat inadequate reliance on the technical aspects of measuring outcomes (Atkinson 1999, Baker et al. 1983, de Wit 1988, Jugdev and Müller 2005, Sauer 1993, Shenhar et al. 2001), to a more stakeholder satisfaction soft skills oriented basis, has led to an increased…”
BackgroundHow Generic are Project Management Knowledge and Practice?
Crawford, L. H., & Pollack, J. (2007) · Project Management Journal · doi:10.1177/875697280703800109 · Cited by 81
Almahmoud, E. S., Doloi, H. K., & Panuwatwanich, K. (2011) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2011.07.001 · Cited by 81
A comprehensive model of project team technical performance
Liu, W., & Cross, J. (2016) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2016.05.011 · Cited by 95
“Time, cost, and quality have long been considered as the three most important measures of project success (De Wit, 1988; Cohen and Bailey, 1997; Atkinson, 1999; Delgado Piña et al., 2008).”
BackgroundTowards an integrated measurement of IS project performance: The project performance scorecard
Barclay, C. (2008) · Information Systems Frontiers · doi:10.1007/s10796-008-9083-6 · Cited by 76
Leadership in project management: from firefighter to firelighter
Barber, E., & Warn, J. R. (2005) · Management Decision · doi:10.1108/00251740510610026 · Cited by 80
Hermano, V., López‐Paredes, A., Martín‐Cruz, N., & Pajares, J. (2012) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2012.07.004 · Cited by 79
Identifying design criteria for urban system ‘last-mile’ solutions – a multi-stakeholder perspective
Harrington, T. S., Srai, J. S., Kumar, M., & Wohlrab, J. (2016) · Production Planning & Control · doi:10.1080/09537287.2016.1147099 · Cited by 93
The impact of project sustainability management (PSM) on project success
Khalifeh, A., Farrell, P., & Al-edenat, M. (2020) · Journal of Management Development · doi:10.1108/jmd-02-2019-0045 · Cited by 93
An investigation into the impact of culture on construction project performance
Ankrah, N. A. (2007) · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique) · Cited by 79
Managing legitimacy: The Christchurch post-disaster reconstruction
Walker, B., de Vries, H. P., & Nilakant, V. (2016) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2016.07.007 · Cited by 77
IS/IT Project Failures: A Review of the Extant Literature for Deriving a Taxonomy of Failure Factors
Dwivedi, Y. K., Ravichandran, K., Williams, M. D., Miller, S., Lal, B., Antony, G. V., & Kartik, M. (2013) · IFIP advances in information and communication technology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-38862-0_5 · Cited by 78
Müller, R., & Martinsuo, M. (2015) · International Journal of Managing Projects in Business · doi:10.1108/ijmpb-04-2014-0036 · Cited by 84
Making projects critical: an introduction
Cicmil, S., & Hodgson, D. E. (2006) · doi:10.1007/978-0-230-20929-9_1 · Cited by 78
Agile Project Management and Project Success: A Literature Review
Bergmann, T. J., & Karwowski, W. (2018) · Advances in intelligent systems and computing · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-94709-9_39 · Cited by 78
Meeting challenges with resilience – How innovation projects deal with adversity
Fey, S., & Kock, A. (2022) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2022.10.006 · Cited by 77
Making Projects Critical: an Introduction
Hodgson, D. E., & Cicmil, S. (2006) · Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) · Cited by 77
He, Q., Chen, X., Wang, G., Zhu, J., Yang, D., Liu, X., & Li, Y. (2019) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118395 · Cited by 77
Kaufmann, C., & Kock, A. (2022) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2022.05.007 · Cited by 76
Badewi, A. A., & Shehab, E. (2016) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2015.12.002 · Cited by 99
Martinsuo, M. M. (2020) · Project Management Journal · doi:10.1177/8756972820927890 · Cited by 75
“Studies of project success have already pointed out the need to assess project success and performance using more versatile dimensions of value than merely reaching goals or efficiency (Atkinson, 1999; Shenhar et al., 2001).”
Zhu, F., Wang, X., Wang, L., & Yu, M. (2021) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2021.08.002 · Cited by 81
The Relative Importance of the PMBOK ® Guide's Nine Knowledge Areas during Project Planning
Zwikael, O. (2009) · Project Management Journal · doi:10.1002/pmj.20116 · Cited by 75
Value creation using the mission breakdown structure
Andersen, E. S. (2013) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2013.11.003 · Cited by 75
Technology transfer projects in developing countries—furthering the Project Management perspectives
Saad, M., Cicmil, S., & Greenwood, M. (2002) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/s0263-7863(02)00024-8 · Cited by 75
Hussain, S., Xuetong, W., Maqbool, R., Hussain, M., & Shahnawaz, M. (2021) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2021.122172 · Cited by 74
Communication, dialogue and project management
Ziek, P., & Anderson, J. D. (2015) · International Journal of Managing Projects in Business · doi:10.1108/ijmpb-04-2014-0034 · Cited by 74
Swedish construction clients' views on project success and measuring performance
Frödell, M., Josephson, P., & Lindahl, G. (2008) · Journal of Engineering Design and Technology · doi:10.1108/17260530810863316 · Cited by 74
Bernroider, E. W. N., & Ivanov, M. (2010) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2010.03.002 · Cited by 74
Critical factors influencing the project success amongst manufacturing companies in Malaysia
Kuen, C. W., Zailani, S. H. M., & Fern, Y. (2009) · Global Journal of Business Management · doi:10.5897/ajbm.9000168 · Cited by 74
Best Practices in Project Management Through a Grounded Theory Lens
Georgieva, S., & Allan, G. (2008) · The Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods · Cited by 74
Uribe, D. F., Ortiz‐Marcos, I., & Colsa, Á. U. (2018) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su10041300 · Cited by 79
“This represents a new stage in the evolution of the management processes involved, where there is certainty of their impact on the success of the project by integrating stakeholder management as an additional criterion to the conventional ones of cost, time, and quality [26,27].”
BackgroundCorruption as a Source of Government Project Failure in Developing Countries
Damoah, I. S., Akwei, C. A., Amoako, I. O., & Botchie, D. (2018) · Project Management Journal · doi:10.1177/8756972818770587 · Cited by 73
“However, project failure in this context is vague, as studies over the years have indicated that there are many criteria involved in project failure (Ahonen & Savolianen, 2010; Atkinson, 1999; Mir & Pinnington, 2014).”
BackgroundKhan, A., Waris, M., Panigrahi, S., Sajid, M. R., & Rana, F. (2020) · Journal of Management in Engineering · doi:10.1061/(asce)me.1943-5479.0000886 · Cited by 73
Fareed, M. Z., Su, Q., & Awan, A. A. (2021) · Project Leadership and Society · doi:10.1016/j.plas.2021.100036 · Cited by 90
A qualitative re‐construction of project measurement criteria
Ojiako, U., Johansen, E., & Greenwood, D. J. (2008) · Industrial Management & Data Systems · doi:10.1108/02635570810858796 · Cited by 73
Doing things right and doing the right things Time and timing in projects
Rämö, H. (2002) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/s0263-7863(02)00015-7 · Cited by 73
Impact of Resources and Strategies on Construction Company Performance
Işık, Z., Arditi, D., Dikmen, İ., & Birgönül, M. T. (2009) · Journal of Management in Engineering · doi:10.1061/(asce)0742-597x(2010)26:1(9 · Cited by 73
Jitpaiboon, T., Smith, S., & Gu, Q. (2019) · Project Management Journal · doi:10.1177/8756972819833545 · Cited by 72
“Individual Performance Literature Achieve scope objectives Guzzo and Dickson (1996); Hackman (1990); Igbaria and Tan (1997) Meet time requirements Hirst (1999) Manage cost effectively Atkinson (1999); Aubry (2015) Sense of accomplishment Guzzo and Dickson (1996); Hackman (1990); Tabassi et al.”
BackgroundEnhancing sustainability considerations in construction industry projects
Moshood, T. D., Rotimi, J. O. B., & Shahzad, W. M. (2024) · Environment Development and Sustainability · doi:10.1007/s10668-024-04946-2 · Cited by 72
“Earlier theories gave practitioners the necessary knowledge to meet economic, environmental, and social sustainability (Atkinson, 1999).”
Impact of Design Risk on the Performance of Design-Build Projects
Liu, J., Xie, Q., Xia, B., & Bridge, A. (2017) · Journal of Construction Engineering and Management · doi:10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0001299 · Cited by 72
The Effect of an Initial Budget and Schedule Goal on Software Project Escalation
Lee, J. S., Keil, M., & Kasi, V. (2012) · Journal of Management Information Systems · doi:10.2753/mis0742-1222290102 · Cited by 72
ICT based service innovation – A challenge for project management
Bygstad, B., & Lanestedt, G. (2009) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2007.12.002 · Cited by 83
Reviewing the Notions of Construction Project Success
Han, W. S., Yusof, A. M., Ismail, S. B., & Aun, N. C. (2011) · International Journal of Business and Management · doi:10.5539/ijbm.v7n1p90 · Cited by 69
Osei‐Kyei, R., & Chan, A. P. C. (2017) · Project Management Journal · doi:10.1177/875697281704800407 · Cited by 70
“In general, adherence to time is also an element of the traditional suc cess measures of construction projects (Atkinson, 1999).”
BackgroundAl‐Abrrow, H., Alnoor, A., & Abbas, S. (2018) · Organization Management Journal · doi:10.1080/15416518.2018.1549468 · Cited by 76
“that satisfies the time, cost, and quality requirements (iron triangle) (Atkinson, 1999; Berssaneti & Carvalho, 2015).”
BackgroundFactors Influencing The Success Of E-Government
Ziemba, E. W., Papaj, T., Żelazny, R., & Jadamus-Hacura, M. (2016) · Journal of Computer Information Systems · doi:10.1080/08874417.2016.1117378 · Cited by 69
Thunberg, M., & Fredriksson, A. (2018) · Construction Management and Economics · doi:10.1080/01446193.2017.1394579 · Cited by 69
“These problems can jeopardize construction projects through delays and cost overruns (Atkinson 1999).”
BackgroundEvaluation of Information Systems Project Success – Insights from Practitioners
Pereira, J., Varajão, J. E., & Takagi, N. H. (2021) · Information Systems Management · doi:10.1080/10580530.2021.1887982 · Cited by 95
“According to Atkinson (1999), it is necessary to use different success criteria besides the Iron Triangle.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialDiagnosing organizational risks in software projects: Stakeholder resistance
Vrhovec, S. L. R., Hovelja, T., Vavpotič, D., & Krisper, M. (2015) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2015.03.007 · Cited by 75
Visual management, performance management and continuous improvement
Eaidgah, Y., Maki, A. A., Kurczewski, K., & Abdekhodaee, A. H. (2016) · International Journal of Lean Six Sigma · doi:10.1108/ijlss-09-2014-0028 · Cited by 72
Improving Project Success: A Case Study Using Benefits and Project Management
Gomes, J., & Rom�ão, M. (2016) · Procedia Computer Science · doi:10.1016/j.procs.2016.09.187 · Cited by 71
Effectiveness of Project Delivery Systems in Executing Green Buildings
Raouf, A. M., & Al‐Ghamdi, S. G. (2019) · Journal of Construction Engineering and Management · doi:10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0001688 · Cited by 68
Studying Projects Processually
Brunet, M., Fachin, F. F., & Langley, A. (2021) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2021.10.006 · Cited by 80
Automated Computer Vision-Based Construction Progress Monitoring: A Systematic Review
Rehman, M. S. U., Shafiq, M. T., & Ullah, F. (2022) · Buildings · doi:10.3390/buildings12071037 · Cited by 88
“For efficient project control, project management teams require an accurate data collection strategy to collect from the worksite and compare it with as-planned data to stay aware of the progress and be able to deliver the project within the planned cost and time [88].”
MethodManaging user expectations on software projects: Lessons from the trenches
Petter, S. (2008) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2008.05.014 · Cited by 68
He, Q., Wang, T., Chan, A. P. C., & Xu, J. (2020) · Journal of Construction Engineering and Management · doi:10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0001957 · Cited by 66
Dainty, A., Cheng, M., & Moore, D. (2005) · Project Management Journal · doi:10.1177/875697280503600205 · Cited by 66
Bernroider, E. W. N., Wong, C. W. Y., & Lai, K. (2013) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2013.05.006 · Cited by 66
MarineMap: A web-based platform for collaborative marine protected area planning
Merrifield, M., McClintock, W., Burt, C., Fox, E., Serpa, P., Steinback, C., & Gleason, M. G. (2012) · Ocean & Coastal Management · doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2012.06.011 · Cited by 66
The other side of projects: the case for critical project studies
Hodgson, D. E., & Cicmil, S. (2008) · International Journal of Managing Projects in Business · doi:10.1108/17538370810846487 · Cited by 66
Re-imagining the Iron Triangle: Embedding Sustainability into Project Constraints
Ebbesen, J. B., & Hope, A. J. (2013) · Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University) · Cited by 66
Benchmarking the performance of design‐build projects
Lam, E. W. M., Chan, A. P. C., & Chan, D. W. M. (2007) · Benchmarking An International Journal · doi:10.1108/14635770710819290 · Cited by 65
Criteria for Construction Project Success: A Literature ReviewPreprint
Silva, G. A., & Warnakulasooriya, B. N. F. (2016) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2910305 · Cited by 69
“…noted that while some researchers used quality as a single main criterion (e.g. Lim and Mohamed, 1999; Chan and Chan, 2001; Pinto and Slevin, 1988; Atkinson, 1999) some other researchers use quality, technical performance and functionality as separate criteria (e.g. Chovichien and Nguyen, 2013;…”
BackgroundSuccess Management – From theory to practice
Varajão, J. E., Magalhães, L., Freitas, L., & Rocha, P. (2022) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2022.04.002 · Cited by 70
Making client values explicit in value management workshops
Kelly, J. R. (2007) · Construction Management and Economics · doi:10.1080/01446190601071839 · Cited by 64
Bryde, D., & Brown, D. (2004) · Project Management Journal · doi:10.1177/875697280403500407 · Cited by 64
Introduction to Project Management
Sampietro, M., & Villa, T. (2014) · Auerbach Publications eBooks · doi:10.1201/b16547-5 · Cited by 63
Alam, M., Gale, A. W., Brown, M., & Kidd, C. (2008) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2007.12.005 · Cited by 61
Modeling project criticality in IT project portfolios
Neumeier, A. T., Radszuwill, S., & Garizy, T. Z. (2018) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2018.04.005 · Cited by 63
A Conceptual Model for Exploring the Relationship Between Sustainability and Project Success
Silvius, G., & Schipper, R. (2015) · Procedia Computer Science · doi:10.1016/j.procs.2015.08.497 · Cited by 67
Wang, T., Tang, W., Dashan, Q., Shen, W., & Huang, M. (2015) · Journal of Construction Engineering and Management · doi:10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0001082 · Cited by 62
The critical success factors influencing project performance in Nigeria
Ogwueleka, A. C. (2011) · International Journal of Management Science and Engineering Management · doi:10.1080/17509653.2011.10671182 · Cited by 62
Evaluating Social Performance of Construction Projects: An Empirical Study
Xiahou, X., Tang, Y., Yuan, J., Chang, T., Liu, P., & Li, Q. (2018) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su10072329 · Cited by 62
“As opined by Atkinson [39], apart from “The Iron Triangle”, more success criteria should be accepted in project management.”
BackgroundKopmann, J., Kock, A., Killen, C. P., & Gemünden, H. G. (2015) · IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management · doi:10.1109/tem.2015.2454437 · Cited by 64
Verweij, S. (2015) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2015.08.006 · Cited by 65
van Buuren, A., Buijs, J., & Teisman, G. R. (2010) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2009.12.002 · Cited by 61
Technology adoption model and a road map to successful implementation of ITIL
Ahmad, N., Amer, N. T., Qutaifan, F., & Alhilali, A. (2013) · Journal of Enterprise Information Management · doi:10.1108/jeim-07-2013-0041 · Cited by 61
A broader approach to organisational project management maturity assessment
Görög, M. (2016) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2016.08.011 · Cited by 62
Phase-based analysis of key cost and schedule performance causes and preventive strategies
Habibi, M., & Kermanshachi, S. (2018) · Engineering Construction & Architectural Management · doi:10.1108/ecam-10-2017-0219 · Cited by 61
Esa, M. B., Ibrahim, F. S., & Kamal, E. M. (2020) · Advances in Science Technology and Engineering Systems Journal · doi:10.25046/aj0505119 · Cited by 60
Zaman, U., Flórez, L., Anjam, M., Khwaja, M. G., & Ul-Huda, N. (2022) · Engineering Construction & Architectural Management · doi:10.1108/ecam-08-2021-0755 · Cited by 65
Risk managements' communicative effects influencing IT project success
de Bakker, K., Boonstra, A., & Wortmann, J. C. (2011) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2011.09.003 · Cited by 60
Success factors and criteria in the management of international development projects
Bayiley, Y. T., & Teklu, G. K. (2016) · International Journal of Managing Projects in Business · doi:10.1108/ijmpb-06-2015-0046 · Cited by 60
Habibi, M., Kermanshachi, S., & Rouhanizadeh, B. (2019) · Infrastructures · doi:10.3390/infrastructures4020014 · Cited by 60
The dimensions of software engineering success
Ralph, P., & Kelly, P. (2014) · ACM/IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering: Companion Proceedings (ICSE-Companion) · doi:10.1145/2568225.2568261 · Cited by 60
A memetic paradigm of project management
Whitty, S. J. (2005) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2005.06.005 · Cited by 58
The “economic–finance interface” for eco-innovation projects
Scarpellini, S., Gil, J. V., & Tarragona, M. P. P. (2016) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2016.04.005 · Cited by 68
Owner challenges on major projects: The case of UK government
Winch, G., & Cha, J. (2020) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2020.03.001 · Cited by 58
“While it is widely acknowledged that project organising research needs to move beyond delivery against the iron triangle trade-off criteria (Atkinson, 1999; Pollack et al., 2018) what emerges from our findings is that such broader criteria are a complement to, rather than a substitute for, the iron…”
BackgroundResultAyat, M., Imran, M., Ullah, A., & Kang, C. W. (2020) · International Journal of Managing Projects in Business · doi:10.1108/ijmpb-02-2020-0075 · Cited by 61
Leong, T. K., Zakuan, N., Saman, M. Z. M., Ariff, M. S. M., & Tan, C. S. (2014) · The Scientific World JOURNAL · doi:10.1155/2014/591361 · Cited by 58
Blockchain Technology: Potential Applications for Public Sector E-Procurement and Project Management
Khalfan, M., Azizi, N., Haass, O., Maqsood, T., & Ahmed, I. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su14105791 · Cited by 57
“The success criteria of projects are determined by cost, quality, and time [29,30], also called the ‘iron or golden triangle’.”
BackgroundHonebein, P. C., & Honebein, C. H. (2015) · Educational Technology Research and Development · doi:10.1007/s11423-015-9396-3 · Cited by 57
An Empirical Study on Flexibility: A Critical Success Factor of Construction Projects
Shahu, R., Pundir, A. K., & Ganapathy, L. (2012) · Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management · doi:10.1007/s40171-012-0014-5 · Cited by 57
Government project failure in Ghana: a multidimensional approach
Damoah, I. S., & Akwei, C. A. (2017) · International Journal of Managing Projects in Business · doi:10.1108/ijmpb-02-2016-0017 · Cited by 57
“The traditional approach to defining project failure and success is centred on the project baseline, otherwise known as project constraints or what Atkinson (1999) famously terms the ‘Iron Triangle’.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialFramework for measuring success of construction projects
Chan, A. P. C. (2001) · QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology) · Cited by 57
A game theoretical approach to sharing penalties and rewards in projects
Estévez-Fernández, A. (2011) · European Journal of Operational Research · doi:10.1016/j.ejor.2011.08.015 · Cited by 56
Mainga, W. (2017) · International Journal of Managing Projects in Business · doi:10.1108/ijmpb-04-2016-0035 · Cited by 56
van den Hurk, M., & Verhoest, K. (2014) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2014.05.005 · Cited by 55
Critical Success Criteria for Programs in China: Construction Companies’ Perspectives
Yan, H., Elzarka, H. M., Ce, G., Zhang, F., & Tang, W. (2018) · Journal of Management in Engineering · doi:10.1061/(asce)me.1943-5479.0000659 · Cited by 55
Metadata
- Authors
- Atkinson, R.
- Affiliations
- Bournemouth University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Atkinson, Roger
- Venue
- International Journal of Project Management
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1999-12
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 337-342
- ISSN
- 0263-7863 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2092587332
- Cited by
- 2,359
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 63 · 2025: 90 · 2024: 119 · 2023: 119 · 2022: 150 · 2021: 153 · 2020: 126 · 2019: 145 · 2018: 192 · 2017: 148 · 2016: 166 · 2015: 150 · 2014: 136 · 2013: 122 · 2012: 112
- FWCI
- 7.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Project Management (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Construction Project Management and Performance
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Software Engineering Techniques and Practices
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management of Technology and Innovation › Economic and Technological Systems Analysis
- Keywords
- project success criteria, iron triangle, cost, time, quality, stakeholder benefits, IT project management, information systems projects, project management framework
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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