Effects of interventions in health care settings on physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness

Simons-Morton, Denise G; Calfas, Karen J; Oldenburg, Brian; Burton, Nicola W

doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00078-6

Cited by 151Physical Activity and HealthCardiovascular and exercise physiologyCardiac Health and Mental Health

Effects of interventions in health care settings on physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness

Simons-Morton, Denise G, Calfas, Karen J, Oldenburg, Brian, Burton, Nicola W·1998·American Journal of Preventive Medicine

DOI 10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00078-6

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Abstract

Introduction This paper reviews studies of physical activity interventions in health care settings to determine effects on physical activity and/or fitness and characteristics of successful interventions.Methods Studies testing interventions to promote physical activity in health care settings for primary prevention (patients without disease) and secondary prevention (patients with cardiovascular disease [CVD]) were identified by computerized search methods and reference lists of reviews and articles. Inclusion criteria included assignment to intervention and control groups, physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness outcome measures, and, for the secondary prevention studies, measurement 12 or more months after randomization. The number of studies with statistically significant effects was determined overall as well as for studies testing interventions with various characteristics.Results Twelve studies of primary prevention were identified, seven of which were randomized. Three of four randomized studies with short-term measurement (4 weeks to 3 months after randomization), and two of five randomized studies with long-term measurement (6 months after randomization) achieved significant effect on physical activity. Twenty-four randomized studies of CVD secondary prevention were identified; 13 achieved significant effects on activity and/or fitness at twelve or more months. Studies with measurement at two time points showed decaying effects over time, particularly if the intervention were discontinued. Successful interventions contained multiple contacts, behavioral approaches, supervised exercise, provision of equipment, and/or continuing intervention. Many studies had methodologic problems such as low follow-up rates.Conclusion Interventions in health care settings can increase physical activity for both primary and secondary prevention. Long-term effects are more likely with continuing intervention and multiple intervention components such as supervised exercise, provision of equipment, and behavioral approaches. Recommendations for additional research are given.

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Long-term changes in physical activity behavior can only be accomplished by studies with long-term follow-up.
“The literature suggests that long-term changes in physical activity behavior can only by accomplished by studies with long-term follow-up [18].”
From Internet-based physical activity interventions: a systematic review of the literature. (2007) · cites this paper as [18]
Traditional face-to-face physical activity interventions have mainly short-term effectiveness.
“Their mainly short-term effectiveness has been extensively documented in a number of systematic reviews [13-18].”
From Internet-based physical activity interventions: a systematic review of the literature. (2007) · cites this paper as [18]

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Authors: Simons-Morton, D. G., Calfas, K. J., Oldenburg, B., & Burton, N. W.
Affiliations: San Diego State University (US)
Queensland University of Technology (AU)
ORCID: Oldenburg, Brian
Burton, Nicola W
Venue: American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1998-11
Volume: 15
Issue: 4
Pages: 413-430
ISSN: 0749-3797 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00078-6
OpenAlex: W2061729152
Cited by: 151
References: 79
Citations by year: 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 5.32
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: American Journal of Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
Keywords: physical activity interventions, cardiorespiratory fitness, healthcare settings, primary prevention, secondary prevention, cardiovascular disease, supervised exercise, behavioral approach, intervention characteristics, long-term effects
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena, Female, Health Services, Humans, Inpatients, Leisure Activities, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Outpatients, Physical Education and Training, Physical Fitness, Primary Prevention, Research Design, Exercise, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

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Effects of interventions in health care settings on physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness

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