Age, sex and laterality effects on cerebral glucose metabolism in healthy adults
Abstract
Normal cerebral glucose metabolism (CMRglc) was assessed with positron emission tomography in 66 healthy adults (28 women, 38 men; mean age 39, range 20--69 years) to determine effects of age, sex and laterality on CMRglc using statistical parametric mapping. Significant age-related decreases in global metabolism (gCMRglc) were noted in the entire sample and in both sexes, as well as widespread and bilateral decreases in cortical absolute regional metabolism (rCMRglc) and more focal anterior paralimbic normalized rCMRglc. However, significant positive correlations of age with normalized rCMRglc were observed in cerebellum, thalamus and occipital areas. Although the declines in gCMRglc and rCMRglc with age did not significantly differ between sexes, men compared with women had significantly lower gCMRglc and widespread decreased cortical and subcortical absolute rCMRglc. In the entire sample, and similarly in both sexes, left greater than right asymmetry was observed in medial frontal gyrus, posterior thalamus, lingual gyrus, cuneus and superior cingulate. The opposite laterality appeared in mesio-anterior cerebellum, and lateral frontal and temporal regions. Few regions showed significant interactions of metabolic laterality with either age or sex. These findings contribute toward a convergence in the literature, and the regression models of CMRglc vs. age serve as a normative database to which patients may be compared.
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Regional reductions in brain glucose utilization occur with aging and to a greater extent in MCI and AD.
“Regional reductions in brain glucose utilization occur with aging and to a greater extent in MCI and AD [185-193].”
From The Alzheimer’s disease mitochondrial cascade hypothesis: progress and perspectives (2014) · cites this paper as [187]
The occipital and posterior cingulate cortices, cerebellum, thalamus, basal ganglia and limbic structures have been reported to be the least altered metabolically with aging, but contradictory results preclude firm conclusion.
“All these studies being considered together, the occipital and posterior cingulate cortices, cerebellum, thalamus, basal ganglia and limbic structures have been reported to be the least altered. However, many contradictory results preclude any firm conclusion, given that decreased metabolism has been found in the limbic areas [42], basal ganglia [32], or posterior cingulate cortex [89].”
From Voxel-based mapping of brain gray matter volume and glucose metabolism profiles in normal aging (2009) · cites this paper as [86]
Previous studies have yielded discrepant results regarding subcortical nuclei and thalamus, reporting either preservation or alteration.
“Previous studies have yielded discrepant results regarding these structures, reporting either 'preservation' [49,58,86], or alteration (before PVEc [33], see also [32]).”
From Voxel-based mapping of brain gray matter volume and glucose metabolism profiles in normal aging (2009) · cites this paper as [86]
This reveals a major difference between Alzheimer's disease and normal aging.
“once again revealing a major difference between this neurodegenerative disease and normal aging [58,86].”
From Voxel-based mapping of brain gray matter volume and glucose metabolism profiles in normal aging (2009) · cites this paper as [86]
Less metabolic decrease was found within the inferior temporal (fusiform cortex) and occipital areas (calcarine area and lingual gyrus), consistent with the literature.
“Consistent with the literature, less metabolic decrease was found within the inferior temporal (fusiform cortex) and occipital areas (calcarine area and lingual gyrus) [32,49,58,86].”
From Voxel-based mapping of brain gray matter volume and glucose metabolism profiles in normal aging (2009) · cites this paper as [86]
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- Authors
- Willis, M. W., Ketter, T. A., Kimbrell, T. A., George, M. S., Herscovitch, P., Danielson, A. L., Benson, B. E., & Post, R. M.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (US)
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- National Institute of Mental Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Willis, Mark W
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-02
- Volume
- 114
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 23-37
- ISSN
- 0925-4927 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2022164261
- Cited by
- 150
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- brain glucose metabolism, age-related metabolic decline, sex differences, hemispheric lateralization, brain aging, regional cerebral glucose metabolism, paralimbic cortex, cerebellum, thalamus, healthy adults
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aging, Blood Glucose, Brain, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Dominance, Cerebral, Energy Metabolism, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Reference Values, Tomography, Emission-Computed
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