The DOI matches its Crossref record; 25 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 21 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Reporting standards of studies and papers on the prevention and management of foot ulcers in diabetes: required details and markers of good quality
Open accessAbstract
The evidence base for many aspects of the management of foot ulcers in people with diabetes is weak, and good-quality research, especially relating to studies of direct relevance to routine clinical care, is needed. In this paper, we summarise the core details required in the planning and reporting of intervention studies in the prevention and management of diabetic foot ulcers, including studies that focus on off-loading, stimulation of wound healing, peripheral artery disease, and infection. We highlight aspects of trial design, conduct, and reporting that should be taken into account to minimise bias and improve quality. We also provide a 21-point checklist for researchers and for readers who assess the quality of published work.
Overview
CoChat Summary
TL;DR
This Personal View from the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot and the European Wound Management Association proposes reporting standards and a 21-point quality checklist for intervention studies on prevention and management of diabetic foot ulcers. It argues that poor reporting and heterogeneous study details have undermined the evidence base in this field.
Key findings
- The paper defines core population, intervention, and outcome details that should be reported in studies of diabetic foot ulcer prevention and management, with separate tables for prevention versus management and for off-loading, peripheral artery disease, and infection.
- It provides a 21-point scoring system for reports of clinical studies, with each item scored 1 point if the desired answer is “yes”; the maximum score is 21.
- It reports that ulcer recurrence is roughly 30–40% in the first 12 months after healing, and that in an unselected low-risk UK diabetes population new ulceration is roughly 2% per year; approximately 10,000 individuals would be needed to show a reduction in ulcer incidence to 1.5%, depending on study duration, withdrawals, and power.
- For ulcer management studies with an intervention phase of 20 weeks or more, the authors state that attrition should be no greater than 25%.
Methods
- Design: Personal View/expert-opinion guidance developed on behalf of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot and the European Wound Management Association.
- Data/sample: No original patient sample or systematic data collection is reported; the paper synthesises prior systematic reviews, existing reporting guidelines such as CONSORT, STROBE, PRISMA, and GRADE, and EWMA chronic-wound guidance.
- Main analysis: Narrative synthesis and expert consensus, producing tables of core reporting details and a 21-item checklist for study design, conduct, outcomes, and reporting.
Limitations
- The paper states it is based on expert opinion, that production of lists of required data is “fraught with difficulty,” and that it is not possible to be more dogmatic because required details differ by study type.
- The paper states that criteria have yet to be established to determine how the 21-point checklist scores can be stratified into appropriate levels of quality.
- The paper states its scope excludes non-interventional observational research, animal models, work on specific underlying biological mechanisms, and health-economic aspects; it also notes no consensus exists on acceptable retention/attrition, with the 25% threshold given as the authors’ opinion.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
0 Valid · 2 Not valid · 10 Not checked · 24 Own results and interpretations
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“through doing repeated systematic reviews, we found that existing tools for assessing the literature do not fully meet the needs of research in this complex clinical area”
§ Reporting standards of studies and papers on the prevention and management of foot ulcers in diabetes: required details and markers of good quality > Introduction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A further problem inherent in the use of either the number (or percentage) of ulcers healed by a fi xed time or the time to healing is that these metrics are directly related to baseline ulcer area, because larger ulcers take longer to heal.”
§ Reporting standards of studies and papers on the prevention and management of foot ulcers in diabetes: required details and markers of good quality > Outcomes
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The lower the rate of retention (ie, the higher the rate of attrition or loss to follow-up), the greater the likelihood of bias in any observations made.”
§ Reporting standards of studies and papers on the prevention and management of foot ulcers in diabetes: required details and markers of good quality > Study conduct: retention and attrition (item 13)
hedgedstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“the number of reports of high-quality research into interventions for diabetic foot ulcers has remained low.[2][3][4][5][6]”
§ Reporting standards of studies and papers on the prevention and management of foot ulcers in diabetes: required details and markers of good quality > Introduction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [2]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [3]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [4]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“their prevention and management are undermined by the scarcity of evidence on which to base treatment choices.”
§ Reporting standards of studies and papers on the prevention and management of foot ulcers in diabetes: required details and markers of good quality > Introduction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [2]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [3]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [4]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Not matched
5 more claims
Create a free account to see all 36 claims and every source verdict.
- Probably not a substantial claim. 24
- It may state two separate claims as one. 6
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Despite these differences, six of the outcomes in the COS, including wound healing, time to healing, minor amputation, major amputation, health-related quality of life, and mortality, were already recommended as the key quality measures for studies on interventions for diabetes-related foot ulceration by IWGDF and European Wound Management Association.”
From Development of a Core Outcome Set for Studies Assessing Interventions for Diabetes-Related Foot Ulceration (2024) · cites this paper as [7]
In the citing paper
“IWGDF and the European Wound Management Association have previously jointly published guidance on the core planning and reporting details for studies on prevention and management of diabetic foot ulceration (7).”
From Development of a Core Outcome Set for Studies Assessing Interventions for Diabetes-Related Foot Ulceration (2024) · cites this paper as [7]
In the citing paper
“Nonetheless, this statement was a product of expert panel discussion rather than a formal methodological approach with active patient and public involvement.”
From Development of a Core Outcome Set for Studies Assessing Interventions for Diabetes-Related Foot Ulceration (2024) · cites this paper as [7]
Citations
Cites
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: the PRISMA statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & for the PRISMA Group (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b2535 · Cited by 83,823
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & The PRISMA Group (2009) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097 · Cited by 64,042
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA Statement.
(2009) · PubMed Central · Cited by 44,859
von Elm, E., Altman, D. G., Egger, M., Pocock, S. J., Gøtzsche, P. C., Vandenbroucke, J. P., & Initiative, F. T. S. (2007) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0040296 · Cited by 23,020
von Elm, E., Altman, D. G., Egger, M., Pocock, S. J., Gøtzsche, P. C., & Vandenbroucke, J. P. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61602-x · Cited by 21,320
CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials
the CONSORT Group, Schulz, K. F., Altman, D. G., & Moher, D. (2010) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/1741-7015-8-18 · Cited by 13,371
CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials
Schulz, K. F., Altman, D. G., Moher, D., & for the CONSORT Group (2010) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.c332 · Cited by 9,329
Lipsky, B. A., Berendt, A. R., Cornia, P. B., Pile, J. C., Peters, E. J. G., Armstrong, D. G., Deery, H. G., Embil, J. M., Joseph, W. S., Karchmer, A. W., et al. (2012) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/cis346 · Cited by 1,766
IWGDF guidance on the diagnosis and management of foot infections in persons with diabetes
Lipsky, B. A., Aragón‐Sánchez, J., Diggle, M. A., Embil, J. M., Kono, S., Lavery, L. A., Senneville, É., Urbančič‐Rovan, V., van Asten, S. A. V., & on behalf of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) (2015) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.2699 · Cited by 584
Prevention of foot ulcers in the at‐risk patient with diabetes: a systematic review
van Netten, J. J., Price, P. E., Lavery, L. A., Monteiro‐Soares, M., Rasmussen, A., Jubiz, Y., Bus, S. A., & on behalf of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) (2016) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.2701 · Cited by 422
Self-citation
Cited by
Lipsky, B. A., Senneville, É., Abbas, Z. G., Aragón‐Sánchez, J., Diggle, M. A., Embil, J. M., Kono, S., Lavery, L. A., Malone, M., van Asten, S. A. V., et al. (2020) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3280 · Cited by 864
Guidelines on the prevention of foot ulcers in persons with diabetes (IWGDF 2019 update)
Bus, S. A., Lavery, L. A., Monteiro‐Soares, M., Rasmussen, A., Raspovic, A., Sacco, I. D. C. N., van Netten, J. J., & on behalf of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (2020) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3269 · Cited by 582
Self-citationSenneville, É., Albalawi, Z., van Asten, S. A., Abbas, Z. G., Allison, G., Aragón‐Sánchez, J., Embil, J. M., Lavery, L. A., Alhasan, M., Oz, O., et al. (2024) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3687 · Cited by 498
Current challenges and opportunities in the prevention and management of diabetic foot ulcers.
Jeffcoate, W. J., Vileikyte, L., Boyko, E. J., Armstrong, D. G., & Boulton, A. J. M. (2018) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc17-1836 · Cited by 475
Self-citationDefinitions and criteria for diabetic foot disease
van Netten, J. J., Bus, S. A., Apelqvist, J., Lipsky, B. A., Hinchliffe, R. J., Game, F. L., Rayman, G. A., Lazzarini, P. A., Forsythe, R. O., Peters, E. J. G., et al. (2020) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3268 · Cited by 441
Self-citationGuidelines on the prevention of foot ulcers in persons with diabetes (IWGDF 2023 update)
Bus, S. A., Sacco, I. C. N., Monteiro‐Soares, M., Raspovic, A., Paton, J., Rasmussen, A., Lavery, L. A., & van Netten, J. J. (2024) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3651 · Cited by 279
Self-citationPrevention of foot ulcers in the at‐risk patient with diabetes: a systematic review
van Netten, J. J., Price, P. E., Lavery, L. A., Monteiro‐Soares, M., Rasmussen, A., Jubiz, Y., Bus, S. A., & on behalf of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) (2016) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.2701 · Cited by 422
Self-citationHinchliffe, R. J., Forsythe, R. O., Apelqvist, J., Boyko, E. J., Fitridge, R., Hong, J. P., Katsanos, K., Mills, J. L., Nikol, S., Reekers, J., et al. (2020) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3276 · Cited by 383
Self-citationEdmonds, M., Lázaro-Martínez, J. L., Alfayate-García, J. M., Martini, J., Petit, J.-M., Rayman, G., Lobmann, R., Uccioli, L., Sauvadet, A., Bohbot, S., et al. (2018) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(17)30438-2 · Cited by 275
Definitions and criteria for diabetes‐related foot disease (IWGDF 2023 update)
van Netten, J. J., Bus, S. A., Apelqvist, J., Chen, P., Chuter, V., Fitridge, R., Game, F. L., Hinchliffe, R. J., Lazzarini, P. A., Mills, J. L., et al. (2023) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3654 · Cited by 258
Self-citationChen, P., Vilorio, N. C., Dhatariya, K., Jeffcoate, W., Lobmann, R., McIntosh, C., Piaggesi, A., Steinberg, J., Vas, P., Viswanathan, V., et al. (2024) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3644 · Cited by 246
Self-citationDiabetic foot ulcer classifications: A critical review
Monteiro‐Soares, M., Boyko, E. J., Jeffcoate, W. J., Mills, J. L., Russell, D., Morbach, S., & Game, F. L. (2020) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3272 · Cited by 245
Self-citationGuidelines on offloading foot ulcers in persons with diabetes (IWGDF 2019 update)
Bus, S. A., Armstrong, D. G., Gooday, C., Jarl, G., Caravaggi, C. M. F., Viswanathan, V., Lazzarini, P. A., & on behalf of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) (2020) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3274 · Cited by 243
Self-citationAgnelli, G., Belch, J. J. F., Baumgärtner, I., Giovas, P. P., & Hoffmann, U. (2019) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.09.012 · Cited by 230
Rayman, G. A., Vas, P. R. J., Dhatariya, K., Driver, V. R., Hartemann, A., Löndahl, M., Piaggesi, A., Apelqvist, J., Attinger, C., Game, F. L., et al. (2020) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3283 · Cited by 221
Self-citationPrevention of foot ulcers in the at‐risk patient with diabetes: a systematic review
van Netten, J. J., Raspovic, A., Lavery, L. A., Monteiro‐Soares, M., Rasmussen, A., Sacco, I. C. N., & Bus, S. A. (2020) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3270 · Cited by 217
Self-citationSenneville, É., Albalawi, Z., van Asten, S. A., Abbas, Z. G., Allison, G., Aragón-Sánchez, J., Embil, J. M., Lavery, L. A., Alhasan, M., Oz, O., et al. (2023) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciad527 · Cited by 192
Guidelines on offloading foot ulcers in persons with diabetes—IWGDF 2023 update.
Bus, S. A., Armstrong, D. G., Crews, R. T., Gooday, C., Jarl, G., Kirketerp‐Moller, K., Viswanathan, V., & Lazzarini, P. A. (2024) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3647 · Cited by 169
Self-citationCryogenic 3D printed hydrogel scaffolds loading exosomes accelerate diabetic wound healing
Hu, Y., Wu, B., Xiong, Y., Tao, R., Panayi, A. C., Chen, L., Tian, W., Xue, H., Shi, L., Zhang, X., et al. (2021) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.130634 · Cited by 169
Lazzarini, P. A., Jarl, G., Gooday, C., Viswanathan, V., Caravaggi, C., Armstrong, D. G., & Bus, S. A. (2020) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3275 · Cited by 152
Self-citationDiabetic foot ulcer management in clinical practice in the UK: costs and outcomes
Guest, J. F., Fuller, G. W., & Vowden, P. (2017) · International Wound Journal · doi:10.1111/iwj.12816 · Cited by 150
Game, F., Jeffcoate, W., Tarnow, L., Jacobsen, J. L., Whitham, D. J., Harrison, E. F., Ellender, S. J., Fitzsimmons, D., Löndahl, M., Dhatariya, K., et al. (2018) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(18)30240-7 · Cited by 147
Self-citationDhatariya, K., Bain, S. C., Buse, J. B., Simpson, R., Tarnow, L., Kaltoft, M. S., Stellfeld, M., Tornøe, K., Pratley, R. E., & the LEADER Publication Committee on behalf of the LEADER Trial Investigators (2018) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc18-1094 · Cited by 141
Lazzarini, P. A., Crews, R. T., van Netten, J. J., Bus, S. A., Fernando, M. E., Chadwick, P., & Najafi, B. (2019) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/1932296819849092 · Cited by 131
Self-citationForsythe, R. O., Apelqvist, J., Boyko, E. J., Fitridge, R., Hong, J. P., Katsanos, K. H., Mills, J. L., Nikol, S., Reekers, J. A., Venermo, M. A., et al. (2020) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3278 · Cited by 128
Self-citationRisk of lower limb amputation in a national prevalent cohort of patients with diabetes
Gurney, J., Stanley, J., York, S., Rosenbaum, D., & Sarfati, D. (2017) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-017-4488-8 · Cited by 122
Diabetic foot infection: Antibiotic therapy and good practice recommendations
Barwell, N. D., Devers, M. C., Kennon, B., Hopkinson, H., McDougall, C., Young, M. J., Robertson, H. M. A., Stang, D., Dancer, S. J., Seaton, A., et al. (2017) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/ijcp.13006 · Cited by 116
Interventions in the management of infection in the foot in diabetes: a systematic review
Peters, E. J. G., Lipsky, B. A., Senneville, É., Abbas, Z. G., Aragón‐Sánchez, J., Diggle, M. A., Embil, J. M., Kono, S., Lavery, L. A., Malone, M., et al. (2020) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3282 · Cited by 108
Collings, R., Freeman, J. A., Latour, J. M., & Paton, J. S. (2020) · Endocrinology Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1002/edm2.132 · Cited by 103
Lazzarini, P. A., Cramb, S. M., Golledge, J., Morton, J. I., Magliano, D. J., & Van Netten, J. J. (2023) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-022-05845-9 · Cited by 68
Ploderer, B., Brown, R. A., Seng, L. S. D., Lazzarini, P. A., & van Netten, J. J. (2018) · JMIR Diabetes · doi:10.2196/10105 · Cited by 90
Bus, S. A., van Netten, J. J., Hinchliffe, R. J., Apelqvist, J., Lipsky, B. A., Schaper, N. C., & IWGDF Editorial Board (2020) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3267 · Cited by 90
Self-citationVas, P. R. J., Rayman, G. A., Dhatariya, K., Driver, V. R., Hartemann, A., Löndahl, M., Piaggesi, A., Apelqvist, J., Attinger, C., & Game, F. L. (2020) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3284 · Cited by 90
Self-citationvan Netten, J. J., Raspovic, A., Lavery, L. A., Monteiro‐Soares, M., Paton, J., Rasmussen, A., Sacco, I. C. N., & Bus, S. A. (2024) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3652 · Cited by 89
“…we strongly advocate for the reporting of results in intervention studies that are specific for the population at risk, with risk reported according to a validated stratification system (e.g. 8 ), and with each item of such a system reported separately for the population included as well (e.g.…”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe validity and reliability of remote diabetic foot ulcer assessment using mobile phone images
van Netten, J. J., Clark, D., Lazzarini, P. A., Janda, M., & Reed, L. F. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-09828-4 · Cited by 86
Preventing foot ulceration in diabetes: systematic review and meta-analyses of RCT data
Crawford, F., Nicolson, D. J., Amanna, A. E., Martin, A., Gupta, S., Leese, G., Heggie, R., Chappell, F. M., & McIntosh, H. H. (2019) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-019-05020-7 · Cited by 79
Zhang, Y., van Netten, J. J., Baba, M., Cheng, Q., Pacella, R., McPhail, S., Cramb, S. M., & Lazzarini, P. A. (2021) · Journal of Foot and Ankle Research · doi:10.1186/s13047-021-00447-x · Cited by 75
Chen, Y., Ding, X., Zhu, Y., Jia, Z., Qi, Y., Chen, M., Lu, J., Kuang, X., Zhou, J. J., Su, Y., et al. (2022) · Journal of Orthopaedic Translation · doi:10.1016/j.jot.2022.09.002 · Cited by 69
van Netten, J. J., Sacco, I. D. C. N., Lavery, L. A., Monteiro‐Soares, M., Rasmussen, A., Raspovic, A., & Bus, S. A. (2020) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3271 · Cited by 68
Self-citationSutkowska, E., Sutkowski, K., Sokołowski, M., Franek, E., & Dragan, S. F. (2019) · Journal of Diabetes Research · doi:10.1155/2019/7395769 · Cited by 66
Lazzarini, P. A., Armstrong, D. G., Crews, R. T., Gooday, C., Jarl, G., Kirketerp‐Moller, K., Viswanathan, V., & Bus, S. A. (2024) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3650 · Cited by 57
Self-citationAlahakoon, C., Fernando, M., Galappaththy, C., Matthews, E. O., Lazzarini, P., Moxon, J. V., & Golledge, J. (2020) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.14323 · Cited by 56
Chuter, V., Schaper, N. C., Hinchliffe, R. J., Mills, J. L., Azuma, N., Behrendt, C., Boyko, E. J., Conte, M. S., Humphries, M. D., Kirksey, L., et al. (2023) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3701 · Cited by 56
Self-citationBarg, F. K., Cronholm, P. F., Easley, E., Davis, T., Hampton, M., Malay, D. S., Donohue, C. M., Song, J., Thom, S. R., & Margolis, D. J. (2017) · Wound Repair and Regeneration · doi:10.1111/wrr.12593 · Cited by 54
Hulshof, C. M., van Netten, J. J., Pijnappels, M. A. G. M., & Bus, S. A. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm9113591 · Cited by 50
Self-citationvan Netten, J. J., Sacco, I. D. C. N., Lavery, L. A., Monteiro‐Soares, M., Paton, J. S., Rasmussen, A., Raspovic, A., & Bus, S. A. (2023) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3649 · Cited by 49
Self-citationBinning, J., Woodburn, J., Bus, S. A., & Barn, R. (2018) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3105 · Cited by 48
Self-citationUpdate on prevention of diabetic foot ulcer
Miranda, C., ROS, R. D., & Marfella, R. (2021) · Archives of Medical Science - Atherosclerotic Diseases · doi:10.5114/amsad.2021.107817 · Cited by 48
Chen, P., Campillo-Vilorio, N., Dhatariya, K., Jeffcoate, W. J., Lobmann, R., McIntosh, C. D., Piaggesi, A., Steinberg, J. S., VAS, P. R., Viswanathan, V., et al. (2024) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3786 · Cited by 47
Self-citationEfficacy of MMP-inhibiting wound dressings in the treatment of chronic wounds: a systematic review
Dissemond, J., Augustin, M., Dietlein, M., Faust, U., Keuthage, W., Lobmann, R., Münter, K., Strohal, R., Stücker, M., Traber, J., et al. (2020) · Journal of Wound Care · doi:10.12968/jowc.2020.29.2.102 · Cited by 46
Rahma, S., Woods, J., Brown, S., Nixon, J., & Russell, D. (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc21-2218 · Cited by 46
Staniszewska, A., Game, F., Nixon, J., Russell, D., Armstrong, D. G., Ashmore, C., Bus, S. A., Chung, J., Chuter, V., Dhatariya, K., et al. (2024) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc24-1112 · Cited by 45
Self-citationFernando, M. E., Crowther, R. G., Lazzarini, P. A., Yogakanthi, S., Sangla, K. S., Buttner, P. G., Jones, R. E., & Golledge, J. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0181916 · Cited by 45
Aliahmad, B., Tint, A. N., Arjunan, S. P., Rani, P., Kumar, D., Miller, J. A., Zajac, J. D., Wang, G., & Ekinci, E. I. (2018) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/1932296818803115 · Cited by 45
Shao, S., Zhang, X., Xu, Q., Pan, R., & Chen, Y. (2022) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108270 · Cited by 44
Naemi, R., Chockalingam, N., Lutale, J. K., & Abbas, Z. G. (2020) · BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care · doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-001122 · Cited by 44
Ansari, P., Akther, S., Khan, J. T., Islam, S. S., Masud, M. S. R., Rahman, M. A., Seidel, V., & Abdel‐Wahab, Y. H. A. (2022) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app122211777 · Cited by 44
Raspovic, K. M., Schaper, N. C., Gooday, C., Bal, A., Bém, R., Chhabra, A. B., Hastings, M. K., Holmes, C., Petrova, N. L., Araujo, M. G. S., et al. (2023) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3653 · Cited by 43
Self-citationErtuğrul, B., Uçkay, İ., Schöni, M., Peter-Riesch, B., & Lipsky, B. A. (2020) · Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy · doi:10.1080/14787210.2020.1730177 · Cited by 40
Crawford, F., Chappell, F. M., Lewsey, J., Riley, R. D., Hawkins, N., Nicolson, D., Heggie, R., Smith, M. C., Horne, M., Amanna, A. E., et al. (2020) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta24620 · Cited by 40
Ababneh, A., Finlayson, K. J., Edwards, H. E., & Lazzarini, P. A. (2022) · BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care · doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002640 · Cited by 40
Golledge, J., Fernando, M. E., Alahakoon, C., Lazzarini, P. A., de Stegge, W. B. A., van Netten, J. J., & Bus, S. A. (2022) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3549 · Cited by 40
Self-citationChen, P., Carville, K., Swanson, T., Lazzarini, P. A., Charles, J., Cheney, J., Prentice, J., & Australian Diabetes‐related Foot Disease Guidelines & Pathways Project (2022) · Journal of Foot and Ankle Research · doi:10.1186/s13047-022-00544-5 · Cited by 40
Fernando, M. E., Horsley, M., Jones, S., Martin, B., Nubé, V. L., Charles, J., Cheney, J., Lazzarini, P. A., & Australian Diabetes‐related Foot Disease Guidelines & Pathways Project (2022) · Journal of Foot and Ankle Research · doi:10.1186/s13047-022-00538-3 · Cited by 39
van Netten, J. J., van Baal, J. G., Bril, A., Wissink, M., & Bus, S. A. (2018) · Clinical Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2018.02.012 · Cited by 38
Self-citationFekrazad, R., Sarrafzadeh, A., Kalhori, K. A., Khan, I., Arany, P. R., & Giubellino, A. (2018) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/php.12914 · Cited by 36
Keukenkamp, R., van Netten, J. J., Busch‐Westbroek, T. E., & Bus, S. A. (2022) · BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care · doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002593 · Cited by 34
Self-citationSheahan, H., Canning, K., Refausse, N., Kinnear, E. M., Jorgensen, G., Walsh, J., & Lazzarini, P. A. (2017) · International Wound Journal · doi:10.1111/iwj.12782 · Cited by 34
Standards for the development and methodology of the 2023 IWGDF guidelines
Bus, S. A., Monteiro‐Soares, M., Game, F. L., van Netten, J. J., Apelqvist, J., Fitridge, R., Senneville, É., Schaper, N. C., & IWGDF Editorial Board (2023) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3656 · Cited by 33
Self-citationDiabetic foot disease: “The Times They are A Changin’ ”
Bus, S. A., van Netten, J. J., Monteiro‐Soares, M., Lipsky, B. A., & Schaper, N. C. (2020) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3249 · Cited by 32
Self-citationHutting, K. H., de Stegge, W. B. A., van Netten, J. J., ten Cate, W. A., Smeets, L., Welten, G. M. J. M., Scharn, D. M., de Vries, J. P. P. M., & van Baal, J. G. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10020371 · Cited by 32
Zhang, Y., Cramb, S. M., McPhail, S., Pacella, R., van Netten, J. J., Cheng, Q., Derhy, P. H., Kinnear, E. M., & Lazzarini, P. A. (2022) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109239 · Cited by 32
Rastogi, A., Kulkarni, S. A., Agarwal, S., Akhtar, M., Arsule, S., Bhamre, S., Bhosle, D., Desai, S., Deshmukh, M., Giriraja, K. V., et al. (2023) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11509 · Cited by 32
Sarcopenia increases the risk for mortality in patients who undergo amputation for diabetic foot
Kim, Y. K., Lee, H. S., Ryu, J. J., Lee, H. I., & Seo, S. G. (2018) · Journal of Foot and Ankle Research · doi:10.1186/s13047-018-0274-1 · Cited by 32
Advances in pharmacotherapy for diabetic foot osteomyelitis
Ahluwalia, R. S., Lázaro‐Martínez, J. L., Reichert, I. L. H., & Maffulli, N. (2021) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1080/14656566.2021.1954159 · Cited by 31
Lazzarini, P. A., & Jarl, G. (2021) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina57090941 · Cited by 31
Dressing and Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Current Review of the Evidence
Game, F. L., & Jeffcoate, W. J. (2016) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/prs.0000000000002681 · Cited by 30
Self-citationPlantar pressure measurement in diabetic foot disease: A scoping review
Lockhart, M. J., Dinneen, S. F., & O'Keeffe, D. T. (2024) · Journal of Diabetes Investigation · doi:10.1111/jdi.14215 · Cited by 29
Michailidis, L., Bergin, S. M., Haines, T. P., & Williams, C. (2018) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-018-3841-4 · Cited by 29
Caserta, A., Morgan, P. E., & Williams, C. (2018) · Gait & Posture · doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.10.007 · Cited by 29
Advancing pharmacotherapy for diabetic foot ulcers
Eleftheriadou, I., Tentolouris, A., Tentolouris, N., & Παπάνας, Ν. (2019) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1080/14656566.2019.1598378 · Cited by 28
A Scoping Review of Foot Screening in Adults With Diabetes Mellitus Across Canada
Patel, J. N., Zamzam, A., Syed, M. H., Blanchette, V., Cross, K., Albalawi, Z., Al-Omran, M. A., & de Mestral, C. (2022) · Canadian Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2022.01.004 · Cited by 28
Lazzarini, P. A., Raspovic, A., Prentice, J., Commons, R. J., Fitridge, R., Charles, J., Cheney, J., Purcell, N., Twigg, S. M., & Australian Diabetes‐related Foot Disease Guidelines & Pathways Project (2022) · Journal of Foot and Ankle Research · doi:10.1186/s13047-022-00533-8 · Cited by 28
Khor, B. Y. C., & Price, P. (2017) · Journal of Foot and Ankle Research · doi:10.1186/s13047-017-0206-5 · Cited by 27
Self-citationOxygen‐Releasing Hydrogels for Tissue Regeneration
Jiang, S., Zheng, Y., Xia, H., Liu, Z., Rao, S., Wang, Y., Sun, H., Lu, X., & Xie, C. (2024) · Advanced NanoBiomed Research · doi:10.1002/anbr.202300133 · Cited by 27
van Netten, J. J., Lazzarini, P. A., Fitridge, R., Kinnear, E. M., Malone, M., Perrin, B., Prentice, J., Sethi, S., & WRAIGHT, P. R. (2021) · QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology) · doi:10.26181/6108c41dd4703 · Cited by 27
Mennes, O. A., van Netten, J. J., van Baal, J. G., Slart, R. H. J. A., & Steenbergen, W. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10173844 · Cited by 26
Weight‐bearing physical activity in people with diabetes‐related foot disease: A systematic review
van Netten, J. J., Fijen, V. M., & Bus, S. A. (2022) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3552 · Cited by 26
Self-citationvan Netten, J. J., Apelqvist, J., Bus, S. A., Fitridge, R., Game, F. L., Monteiro‐Soares, M., Senneville, É., & Schaper, N. C. (2023) · Diabetes Therapy · doi:10.1007/s13300-023-01510-5 · Cited by 26
Self-citationBarwick, A., Hurn, S. E., van Netten, J. J., Reed, L. F., & Lazzarini, P. A. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0211140 · Cited by 26
Caruso, P., Longo, M., Gicchino, M., Scappaticcio, L., Caputo, M., Maiorino, M. I., Bellastella, G., & Esposito, K. (2020) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108147 · Cited by 25
Clokie, M. R. J., Greenway, A. L., Harding, K. G., Jones, N. J., Vedhara, K., Game, F. L., & Dhatariya, K. (2016) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.13313 · Cited by 24
Self-citationConservative surgery for chronic diabetic foot osteomyelitis: Procedures and recommendations
Lázaro‐Martínez, J. L., García‐Madrid, M., García‐Álvarez, Y., Álvaro‐Afonso, F. J., Sanz‐Corbalán, I., & García‐Morales, E. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma · doi:10.1016/j.jcot.2020.12.014 · Cited by 24
Lazzarini, P. A., Raspovic, A., Prentice, J., Commons, R. J., Fitridge, R., Charles, J., Cheney, J., Purcell, N., & Twigg, S. M. (2023) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/mja2.52136 · Cited by 24
Healing wounds with plasma-activated hydrogel therapy
Sabrin, S., Hong, S., Karmokar, D. K., Habibullah, H., Fitridge, R., Short, R. D., & Szili, E. J. (2024) · Trends in biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2024.07.013 · Cited by 24
Self-Monitoring Diabetes-Related Foot Ulcers with the MyFootCare App: A Mixed Methods Study
Ploderer, B., Clark, D., Brown, R. A., Harman, J., Lazzarini, P. A., & van Netten, J. J. (2023) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s23052547 · Cited by 23
Sethi, A., Khambhayta, Y., & Vas, P. R. J. (2022) · Health Sciences Review · doi:10.1016/j.hsr.2022.100028 · Cited by 23
Lasschuit, J. W. J., Featherston, J., & Tonks, K. T. T. (2020) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/1932296820974654 · Cited by 22
Haug, F., Waibel, F. W. A., Lisy, M., Winkler, E., Uçkay, İ., & Schöni, M. (2022) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.03.049 · Cited by 22
Waycaster, C. R., Carter, M. J., Gilligan, A. M., Mearns, E. S., Fife, C. E., & Milne, C. T. (2017) · Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research · doi:10.2217/cer-2017-0066 · Cited by 21
Metadata
- Authors
- Jeffcoate, W. J., Bus, S. A., Game, F. L., Hinchliffe, R. J., Price, P. E., & Schaper, N. C.
- Affiliations
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (GB)
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
- National Health Service (GB)
- St George's Hospital (GB)
- Cardiff University (GB)
- Maastricht University Medical Centre (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Jeffcoate, William J
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-09
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 781-788
- ISSN
- 2213-8587 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2385395211
- Semantic Scholar
- 5537c4b45290bb52e121b9172e5465666c6091cc
- Cited by
- 234
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 5
- FWCI
- 13.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- Locations
- The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Explore Bristol Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Cronfa (Swansea University) (submittedVersion)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (submittedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Delphi Technique in Research
- Keywords
- diabetic foot ulcer, foot ulcer prevention, foot ulcer management, reporting quality, bias in clinical trials, offloading, wound healing stimulation, peripheral arterial disease, infection, trial design
- MeSH terms
- Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Diabetic Foot
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-11-13, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-11-13 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
