Associations between plasma branched-chain amino acids, β-aminoisobutyric acid and body composition
Open accessAbstract
Plasma branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are elevated in obesity and associated with increased cardiometabolic risk. β-Aminoisobutyric acid (B-AIBA), a recently identified small molecule metabolite, is associated with decreased cardiometabolic risk. Therefore, we investigated the association of BCAA and B-AIBA with each other and with detailed body composition parameters, including abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). A cross-sectional study was carried out with lean (n 15) and obese (n 33) men and women. Detailed metabolic evaluations, including measures of body composition, insulin sensitivity and plasma metabolomics were completed. Plasma BCAA were higher (1·6 (se 0·08) (×10(7)) v. 1·3 (se 0·06) (×10(7)) arbitrary units; P = 0·005) in obese v. lean subjects. BCAA were positively associated with VAT (R 0·49; P = 0·0006) and trended to an association with SAT (R 0·29; P = 0·052). The association between BCAA and VAT, but not SAT, remained significant after controlling for age, sex and race on multivariate modelling (P < 0·05). BCAA were also associated with parameters of insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index: R -0·50, P = 0·0004; glucose AUC: R 0·53, P < 0·001). BCAA were not associated with B-AIBA (R -0·04; P = 0·79). B-AIBA was negatively associated with SAT (R -0·37; P = 0·01) but only trended to an association with VAT (R 0·27; P = 0·07). However, neither relationship remained significant after multivariate modelling (P > 0·05). Plasma B-AIBA was associated with parameters of insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index R 0·36, P = 0·01; glucose AUC: R -0·30, P = 0·04). Plasma BCAA levels were positively correlated with VAT and markers of insulin resistance. The results suggest a possible complex role of adipose tissue in BCAA homeostasis and insulin resistance.
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A study showed negative correlations between BAIBA levels and percentage of body fat, total fat mass, subcutaneous adipose tissue, and visceral adipose tissue, and a positive association with lean mass in obese vs. healthy adults.
“A study showed negative correlations between BAIBA levels and percentage of body fat, total fat mass, subcutaneous adipose tissue (scAT), and VAT, and a positive association with lean mass in obese vs. healthy adults [105].”
From The Role of Exercise in the Interplay between Myokines, Hepatokines, Osteokines, Adipokines, and Modulation of Inflammation for Energy Substrate Redistribution and Fat Mass Loss: A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [105]
Results, Table 2 (page unavailable) reports negative univariate correlations of B-AIBA with body-fat percentage and subcutaneous adipose tissue, and a positive correlation with lean-body percentage, in a sample of lean and obese adults. It does not report a B-AIBA correlation with total fat mass; the negative correlation with visceral adipose tissue was only a nonsignificant trend (R −0.27, P = 0.07). The Discussion adds that the body-fat-percentage and subcutaneous-tissue associations were no longer significant in multivariate analyses. (LLM, conf=0.89)
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- Authors
- Rietman, A., Stanley, T. L., Clish, C., Mootha, V., Mensink, M., Grinspoon, S. K., & Makimura, H.
- Affiliations
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- Harvard University (US)
- Broad Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rietman, Annemarie
- Venue
- Journal of Nutritional Science
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2016
- Volume
- 5
- Pages
- e6-e6
- ISSN
- 2048-6790 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4791517
- OpenAlex
- W2271529028
- Cited by
- 38
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 4.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Nutritional Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Harvard Catalyst (UL1-RR025758, M01RR01066)
- University of Cambridge
- European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes
- National Institutes of Health
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL085268)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K23DK089910, K23DK087857, P30DK040561)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR025758, M01RR001066, M01-RR01066)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Keywords
- branched-chain amino acids, beta-aminoisobutyric acid, body composition, visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue, obesity, insulin sensitivity, insulin resistance, cardiometabolic risk, adipose tissue, plasma metabolomics, Matsuda index, amino acid homeostasis, adipose tissue metabolism, sex differences, age differences, racial differences
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