Respect for Human Rights has Improved Over Time: Modeling the Changing Standard of Accountability
Open accessAbstract
According to indicators of political repression currently used by scholars, human rights practices have not improved over the past 35 years, despite the spread of human rights norms, better monitoring, and the increasing prevalence of electoral democracy. I argue that this empirical pattern is not an indication of stagnating human rights practices. Instead, it reflects a systematic change in the way monitors, like Amnesty International and the U.S. State Department, encounter and interpret information about abuses. The standard of accountability used to assess state behaviors becomes more stringent as monitors look harder for abuse, look in more places for abuse, and classify more acts as abuse. In this article, I present a new, theoretically informed measurement model, which generates unbiased estimates of repression using existing data. I then show that respect for human rights has improved over time and that the relationship between human rights respect and ratification of the UN Convention Against Torture is positive, which contradicts findings from existing research.
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The strategic belief is that critical infrastructure is more resilient when it is owned by the state, as state ownership reduces the risk of disruption of the most essential functions and ensures that these can be quickly restored.
“The strategic belief is that critical infrastructure is more resilient when it is owned by the state, as state ownership reduces 'the risk of disruption of the most essential functions' and ensures that these can be quickly restored. 30”
From Authoritarian collaboration and repression in the digital age: balancing foreign direct investment and control in internet infrastructure (2026) · cites this paper as [30]
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- Authors
- FARISS, C. J.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- FARISS, CHRISTOPHER J.
- Venue
- American Political Science Review
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2014-05
- Volume
- 108
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 297-318
- ISSN
- 0003-0554 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-5943
- OpenAlex
- W2144960654
- Cited by
- 706
- References
- 112
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 77 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 123 · 2019: 73 · 2018: 61 · 2017: 48 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 141.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- papers.ssrn.com
- Locations
- American Political Science Review (publishedVersion)
- SSRN Electronic Journal (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Political Conflict and Governance
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › International Relations and Foreign Policy
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Human Rights and Development
- Keywords
- human rights, political repression, accountability standards, human rights monitoring, measurement bias, Amnesty International, United States Department of State, Convention against Torture, torture, measurement model, electoral democracy, human rights standards
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