The Dynamic Relationship Between Protest and Repression
Abstract
This study contributes to our understanding of the dynamic relationship between protest and repression. It employs vector autoregressions to analyze daily data from six Latin American and three African countries from the late 1970s to the early 1990s. The results suggest that there is a reciprocal relationship between protest and repression and that protest is consistent over time. Democracies were found to be most likely to accommodate the opposition and, at the same time, were least likely to display continuous repressive behavior. However, if faced with popular dissent, democracies were just as likely to respond with negative sanctions as other regime types, whereas negative sanctions were particularly unsuccessful to solicit dissident cooperation in democracies.
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Foreign investors generally prefer democratic countries because they offer greater investment security through political stability, credibility, and robust protection of property rights.
“This literature suggests that foreign investors generally prefer democratic countries because they offer greater investment security through political stability, credibility, and robust protection of property rights. 13”
From Authoritarian collaboration and repression in the digital age: balancing foreign direct investment and control in internet infrastructure (2026) · cites this paper as [13]
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- Authors
- Carey, S. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Nottingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Carey, Sabine C.
- ORCID
- Carey, Sabine C.
- Venue
- Political Research Quarterly
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2006-03
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-11
- ISSN
- 1065-9129 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-274X
- OpenAlex
- W2090732629
- Cited by
- 405
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 6.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Political Research Quarterly (publishedVersion)
- MADOC (University of Mannheim) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Political Conflict and Governance
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Political Theory and Democracy
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Politics and Society in Latin America
- Keywords
- protest, repression, political violence, negative sanctions, political regimes, democracy, authoritarian regimes, political opposition, Latin America, Africa
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