Keeping In Touch Everyday (KITE) project: developing assistive technologies with people with dementia and their carers to promote independence
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The role of technology to facilitate independent living for people with dementia is not fully realized, with initial attempts (e.g. tracking devices) being considered unacceptable from a practical and ethical perspective. The aim of this study is to create acceptable and effective prototype technologies to facilitate independence for people with dementia through a user-centered design process involving them and their carers. METHOD: The study comprised a three-stage participatory design process: scoping stage (five focus groups, 10 people with dementia and 11 carers); participatory design stage (five workshops, 22 participants) and prototype development stage (four meetings with two people with dementia and one carer). Focus groups and workshops were digitally recorded, fully transcribed and subjected to constant comparative analysis. RESULTS: People with mild to moderate dementia enjoy a variety of activities both on their own and with their families; however, concerns included getting lost, a loss of confidence with curtailment of usual activities, and carer anxiety. Existing technologies (mobile phones) were used intermittently. Participants felt strongly that future devices should be disguised and be integrated easily into their daily routines. Suggested areas for functional improvement included two-way communications, flexibility of function as the illness progresses, and something to "guide" them home when out walking or driving. Attention should also be focused on minimizing the size, weight and visibility of devices to reduce stigmatization. CONCLUSION: Prototypes for two devices (armband and electronic notepad) were developed. The study showed that involving people with dementia in the process of participatory design is feasible and could lead to devices which are more acceptable and relevant to their needs.
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Domain 2 (safe living) comprised 10 papers on technologies for enhancing safe living, including five studies focused on monitoring systems, two papers on nighttime security, one paper on stand-alone technologies, and one study on user requirements for a safety wristband.
“Domain 2 presents 10 papers on technologies for enhancing safe living, with five studies focused on monitoring systems,19,29,38–40 including two papers particularly describing technology for nighttime security.38,39 Further, one paper investigated “stand-alone” technologies to enhance safe living,40 and one study investigated user requirements prior to the development of a safety wristband.41”
From Usability and acceptability of technology for community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic literature review (2018) · cites this paper as [41]
Potential users of the technology include persons with MCI/D, their FCs, and staff, and they all took part in the reviewed studies.
“Potential users of the technology include persons with MCI/D, their FCs, and staff, and they took all part in the studies we reviewed (see column four in Table 3).28,29,37,38,41,42,52”
From Usability and acceptability of technology for community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic literature review (2018) · cites this paper as [41]
Involving people with dementia in participatory design could lead to the development of devices that are more acceptable and relevant to their needs.
“This could lead to the development of devices that are more acceptable and relevant to their needs.41”
From Usability and acceptability of technology for community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic literature review (2018) · cites this paper as [41]
Involving people with dementia in the process of participatory design is feasible.
“Involving people with dementia in the process of participatory design is feasible.”
From Usability and acceptability of technology for community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic literature review (2018) · cites this paper as [41]
Some studies showed prototypes or mock-ups of the technology in question, in order to facilitate users' responses on perceptions and opinions.
“Some studies showed prototypes or mock-ups of the technology in question, in order to facilitate users’ responses on perceptions and opinions.29,41”
From Usability and acceptability of technology for community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic literature review (2018) · cites this paper as [41]
Two studies used workshops as the method for user engagement, and six studies used observation as method.
“Two studies used workshops as the method for user engagement,29,41 and six studies used observation as method.28,40,43–45,53”
From Usability and acceptability of technology for community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic literature review (2018) · cites this paper as [41]
The study by Robinson et al (2009) contained a three-stage user-centered design (UCD) process involving persons with MCI/D and FCs.
“The study by Robinson et al (2009) contained a three-stage user-centered design (UCD) process involving persons with MCI/D and FCs41 (UCD was introduced by Rubin in 1994,59 as a method to explore user needs and requirements and put the user at the center of the design process.).”
From Usability and acceptability of technology for community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic literature review (2018) · cites this paper as [41]
Robinson et al (2009) concluded that user engagement resulted in products that were more acceptable and relevant to the users' needs.
“Robinson et al (2009) concluded that user engagement resulted in products that were more acceptable and relevant to the users’ needs.41”
From Usability and acceptability of technology for community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic literature review (2018) · cites this paper as [41]
Assistive technologies can support and facilitate disabled people in ADL.
“Assistive technologies can support and facilitate disabled people in ADL (290).”
From The Multidisciplinary Approach to Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia. A Narrative Review of Non-Pharmacological Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [290]
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- Authors
- Robinson, L., Brittain, K., Lindsay, S., Jackson, D., & Olivier, P.
- Affiliations
- Newcastle University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Robinson, Louise
- Venue
- International Psychogeriatrics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-06
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 494-502
- ISSN
- 1041-6102 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2131091056
- Cited by
- 243
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 31.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Psychogeriatrics (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Alzheimer Society
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Demography › Technology Use by Older Adults
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Assistive Technology in Communication and Mobility
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- dementia, assistive technology, independent living, caregivers, participatory design, user-centered design, prototype development, device acceptance, stigma, armband, two-way communication, getting lost
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Alzheimer Disease, Cognition Disorders, Communication Devices for People with Disabilities, Dementia, Education, Equipment Design, Female, Humans, Male, Patient Participation, Self-Help Devices, Caregivers, Focus Groups, Geographic Information Systems, Wandering Behavior
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