Long-term effects of resistance exercise training on cognition and brain volume in older women: results from a randomized controlled trial
Open accessAbstract
Aerobic exercise training has been shown to attenuate cognitive decline and reduce brain atrophy with advancing age. The extent to which resistance exercise training improves cognition and prevents brain atrophy is less known, and few studies include long-term follow-up cognitive and neuroimaging assessments. We report data from a randomized controlled trial of 155 older women, who engaged in 52 weeks of resistance training (either once- or twice-weekly) or balance-and-toning (twice-weekly). Executive functioning and memory were assessed at baseline, 1-year follow-up (i.e., immediately post-intervention), and 2-year follow-up. A subset underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging scans at those time points. At 2-year follow-up, both frequencies of resistance training promoted executive function compared to balance-and-toning (standardized difference [d]=.31-.48). Additionally, twice-weekly resistance training promoted memory (d=.45), reduced cortical white matter atrophy (d=.45), and increased peak muscle power (d=.27) at 2-year follow-up relative to balance-and-toning. These effects were independent of one another. These findings suggest resistance training may have a long-term impact on cognition and white matter volume in older women.
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Resistance exercise training has also been shown to improve cognitive functioning in older adults.
“It is also important to note that RET has also been shown to improve cognitive functioning in older adults,195, 196”
From Hormonal and Metabolic Changes of Aging and the Influence of Lifestyle Modifications (2021) · cites this paper as [196]
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- Authors
- Best, J. R., Chiu, B. K., Liang Hsu, C., Nagamatsu, L. S., & Liu-Ambrose, T.
- Affiliations
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Corresponding author
- Liu-Ambrose, Teresa
- Venue
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2015-11
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 745-756
- ISSN
- 1355-6177 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7661
- OpenAlex
- W2173338503
- Cited by
- 201
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 4
- FWCI
- 11.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Alzheimer's Society
- Vancouver Foundation
- Michael Smith Health Research BC
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- resistance training, older women, cognitive aging, executive function, memory, brain atrophy, white matter atrophy, cortical volume, muscle power, balance training, long-term training effects
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Brain, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Memory, Neuropsychological Tests, Reaction Time, Retrospective Studies, Time Factors, Verbal Learning, Logistic Models, Muscle Strength, Resistance Training, Executive Function
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